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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, the researcher gives an explanation about some theories which are related to subtitling strategies in translation. These theories discuss about the definition of
language, translation, and the classification of subtitling stategies by Gottlieb.
2.1. Language
Language is a system of regular spoken, manual, or written symbols with the intention of human beings, as members of a social group in its culture. Language has
some important functions, such as communication, the expression of identity, play, imaginative expression, and emotionalrelease.
Many definitions of language have been argued. Henry Sweet, an English pho eti ia a d la guage s hola , stated: La guage is the e p essio of ideas
means of speech-sounds combined into words. Words are combined into sentences, thi
s o i atio a s e i g to that of ideas i to thoughts. The A e i a li guists Be a d Blo h a d Geo ge L. T age stated the follo i g defi itio : A la guage is a
s ste of a it a o al s ols ea s of hi h a so ial g oup oope ates. A
succinct definition of language makes a number of presuppositions and begs a u e of uestio s. The fi st, fo e a ple, puts e essi e eight o thought, a d
the se o d uses a it a i a spe ialized, though legitimate, way. Language associates with every aspect of human life in the society, and it only
can be understood if it is considered in relation to society. This article attempts to survey language in this light and to consider its various functions and the purposes it
can and has been made to serve. Because each language is both a working system of communication in the period and in the community wherein it is used and also the
product of its history and the source of its future development, any account of language must consider it from both these points of view.
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The science of language is known as linguistics. It includes what are generally distinguished as descriptive linguistics and historical linguistics. Linguistics is now a
highly technical subject; it embraces, both descriptively and historically, such major divisions as phonetics, grammar including syntax and morphology, semantics, and
pragmatics, dealing in detail with these various aspects of language.
2.2. Translation
