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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The aims of this chapter is concerned with the analysis of the data in order to answer the research problems presented in chapter I. In the first part, the writer
focuses on the grammatical patterns of African American Vernacular English AAVE in Richard Wright short story, The Man Who Almost A Man. In the second
part, the writer describes the reasons of African American characters using AAVE in this short story.
4.1 Findings
In this study, the writer found 47 AAVE grammatical patterns. The writer also provided the Standard American English SAE forms that
correspond to the grammatical patterns of AAVE.
4.1.1 Grammatical Pattern of AAVE
In the finding, the writer found nine grammatical patterns of AAVE uttered by African American characters in short story The Man Who Almost
A Man.
Grammatical pattern of AAVE includes syntactic and morphological pattern. The syntactical patterns consist of the use of ain’t,
invariant be, invariant BIN, invariant dΩQ, multiple negation, omitting auxiliaries in question, and relative clause. While, the morphological
patterns consist of past morphology, and verbal –s.
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Table 4.1 Each AAVE Grammatical Pattern
G r
a m
m a
tic a
l P
a tte
rn PATTERNS
AAVE SAE
p n
The Use of Ain’t
It ain mine It isn’t mine
4 3
yuh ain You are not
5
It ain but two
dollahs.
It is not expensive, just
two dollar 6
Invariant Be It be fer Pa.
It is for Papa Dave’s
Dad 6
1 Invariant BIN
Where yuh been,
boy?
Where have you been,
boy? 3
2 Then somethin musta
been wrong wid ol
Jenny Then something must
have been wrong with
old Jenny 10
Invariant DΩQ
Ah done worked
hard alla summer I have worked hard all
summer 6
2
Whut yuh done? What you have done?
10
Multiple Negation
Ah don wanna buy nothing.
I don’t want to buy
anything 1
12
You aint nothing
but a boy.
You are nothing, you are
just a boy 2
Ah ain feedin no
hogs in mah house
I am not feeding hogs in
my house 3
Yeah, but ain no usa
yuh thinking bout throwin nona it
erway.
Yeah, but it is not useful
thinking about throwing a money
5
Don yuh talk t me bout no gun
Don’t talk to me about a gun
5
Ahll never ast yuh fer nothing no mo
I’ll never ask you anymore for anything
5
Yuh ain gonna
toucha penny of tha
money fer no gun
Yuh are not going to touch a penny of the
money for a gun 5
Ah knows yuh ain got no sense.
I know you didn’t have a
sense 5
Pa ain got no gun. Papa didn’t have a gun
6 Ah done worked hard
alla summer n ain ast yuh fer nothin, is
Ah, now I have worked all
summer and didn’t ask
you anything 6
Yuh don need no
gun.
You don’t need a gun 6
Ain nothin wrong, Nothing wrong
6 Omitting Aux
in Question Whutcha want?
What do you want? 1
18 How yuh, Mistah
Joe? How are you, Mister Joe?
1 You wanna see it
here? Do you want to see it
here? 1
You plannin on buying something?
Do you plan to buy something?
1
