Validity and Reliability Analysis .1 Validity Analysis
27 the questionnaires that were distributed to the respondents that took place in
boarding houses. The reasons of inability to obtain the 36 questionnaires are because the respondents are not in town due to holidays, and most of the
questionnaires were lost by the respondents due to the same reasons. The obtained questionnaires from 150 respondents are completed and
ready to be analyzed with a percentage of response rates that calculated below: Response Rates = 150190 x 100 = 78.9
The result shows that the response rate is considered as moderated high. Therefore, the level of data bias of this sampling can be assumed to be low and
can be used for the study.
4.3 Validity and Reliability Analysis 4.3.1 Validity Analysis
Validity is a test of how well an instrument that is developed measures the particular concept it is intended to measure and concerned with measuring the
right concept and reliability with stability and consistency of the measurement. The data that have been collected will be considered valid if the
value �
� ��
which acquired with the equation of degree of freedom DF = n-2 or 150-2= 148 which is 0.1603. The table below will show the result of the
analysis.
28
Table 4.1 Validity Analysis
Item Corrected Item-Total Correlation R-TABLE Conclusion P1
0.692 0.1603
VALID P2
0.758 0.1603
VALID P3
0.744 0.1603
VALID P4
0.806 0.1603
VALID P5
0.686 0.1603
VALID P6
0.769 0.1603
VALID P7
0.681 0.1603
VALID P8
0.69 0.1603
VALID P9
0.66 0.1603
VALID D1
0.633 0.1603
VALID D2
0.608 0.1603
VALID D3
0.529 0.1603
VALID D4
0.479 0.1603
VALID D5
0.648 0.1603
VALID D6
0.355 0.1603
VALID D7
0.274 0.1603
VALID A1
0.619 0.1603
VALID A2
0.587 0.1603
VALID A3
0.526 0.1603
VALID A4
0.678 0.1603
VALID A5
0.632 0.1603
VALID A6
0.621 0.1603
VALID M1
0.525 0.1603
VALID M2
0.648 0.1603
VALID M3
0.69 0.1603
VALID M4
0.655 0.1603
VALID M5
0.548 0.1603
VALID M6
0.556 0.1603
VALID V1
0.746 0.1603
VALID V2
0.727 0.1603
VALID V3
0.792 0.1603
VALID V4
0.825 0.1603
VALID V5
0.763 0.1603
VALID
29 The table of all variables above shows that all of the variables in all
dimensions are higher than 0.1603 of the r-table which means that all of the
questions in this research are valid. 4.3.2
Reliability Analysis
Reliability analysis is conducted to check whether the questionnaire of research is reliable or not. The table below shows the result of the reliability
analysis.
Table 4.2 Reliability analysis
A well acceptable value of Cronbach’s alpha is recommended to be 0.6 as suggested by Hair et al. and Flynn et al. 1994, as cited in Bassioni et.al, 2008.
Thus, results in Table 4.2 shown that the reliability analyses for all of the variables have exceeded 0.70 are assumed to be reliable. This results shows that
the questionnaire in this research is reliable.