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In this study, the researcher described how far the students from both different schools master in writing descriptive text correctly by achieving the rules
of writing and some features of the descriptive text; the communicative purpose, generic structures, and lexico grammatical features of descriptive text.
3.3 Subject of Research
In this research, there are two clusters that have to be observed. They are the students of SMP Negeri 22 Semarang as a regular school and SMP Sekolah
Alam Arridho Semarang as a Natural school who have got descriptive writing materials before. Therefore, the subjects of the research are the second grade
students from both schools above.
3.3.1 Population
Arikunto 2002: 108 says that population is the whole subjects of the research. Meanwhile, Kartono 1996: 30 explained that population is the total
number of cases, incidents, people or items which are collected for such a research. Before conducting a research, we should find the characteristics of them
because the population should become steady, valid, and reliable. It means that the population is the total steady, valid, and reliable number of the subjects of the
research. The population in this research was the second grade students of SMP Negeri 22 Semarang and SMP Alam Arridho Semarang. SMP Negeri 22 consists
of three classes of grade eight. There are 40 students in each class. Meanwhile, SMP Alam Arridho consists of one class which contains 20 students.
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Hence, there were 60 students who were chosen as the population of research and it is considered that they have got some English materials such as
grammar particularly, Simple Present Tense, and some types of writing particularly descriptive writing.
3.3.2 Sample
Arikunto 2002: 109 defines a sample as a part of population which will be examined. While Kartono 1996: 129 defines that sample is the example or
representations of large populations. In other words, sample is a part representing the population which will be examined in research. Since it was mentioned that
SMP Alam as the life school only has one class containing 20 students, the researcher had to take the same number of the students from each school as the
samples. Therefore, the samples in this research are 20 students of second grade from SMP Negeri 22 Semarang and 20 students of second grade from SMP Alam
Arridho Semarang.
3.3.3 Sampling Technique
As explained above, there are two clusters which have to be observed. They are second grade students of SMP Negeri 22 Semarang and SMP Alam
Arridho Semarang. Hence, the researcher took random sampling to select the representative students of the population.
Based on the number of students who are taken as the samples of the research, the researcher made this following conclusion:
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Population Sample
SMP Negeri 22 Semarang 40
20 SMP
Alam Arridho 20
20
3.4 The Research Instruments
