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study English and their major scope is English education, so they are expected to be English teachers after they graduate.
The total number of the students in the play performance class is 47. However, not all of them performed in the play, since there were some students
who participated in the backstage jobs. So, there are 29 players in the play performance itself. The writer takes the whole performers of the play performance
as the participants of this research.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
The instrument used to elicit data in this study is an observation table. The table consists of some columns. The first column is the numbering. The second
one is the list of words. The third column is the transcription of the students’ word stress production. The fourth column is the correct stress based on the dictionary.
The last one is frequency of occurrences. This table was used by the writer when she gathered the data. The form of the table used is as follows:
Table 3.1 Observation of Word Stress Error
No. Words List
Transcription of the Students’
Word Stress Correct Stress
Based on Dictionary
Frequency of Occurrences
To gather the data, the writer listened carefully to how the students stressed the words in the dialogue when doing the play performance. The script of the play
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performance was also available. In order to make the data collection easier, the writer read the script of the play performance while listening to the dialogue
spoken by the students in the video. The writer also used some word stress pattern theories presented in
Chapter 2 to help finding the incorrect word stress. Besides, how the students stressed the words was compared to the phonetic transcription in Longman
Pronunciation Dictionary 2008 and the online version of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary
. The online version of the dictionary was used because it was free charge and easy to access. Moreover, the website was always updated
and the phonetic transcription could be copied directly using the computer. As a result, the stress transcription could be provided in this study. By comparing the
students’ oral production to the transcription in the dictionary, the writer could find the data of incorrect word stress from the play performance. After finding the
lists of incorrectly stressed words, the writer transcribed the word stress that the students produced by listening carefully to the students’ oral production. The
transcriptions of the word stress were put into the observation table above. The complete contens of the table would also be presented in Appendix 1.
E. Data Analysis Technique
To make the data analysis easier, the writer classified the data based on some categories. The writer found that there were five major categories which had
incorrect stress, namely: nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, and compounds. Afterwards, the writer paid attention to how the students incorrectly placed the
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stress on the syllables of the words. It was done by noting the stress which was put on the word’s syllables; whether the stress was put on the first syllable,
antepenultimate syllable, penultimate syllable, last syllable, or put on more than one syllables. How the students placed the stress incorrectly was observed by the
writer in order to analyze the data.
F. Research Procedure
This research was done through several steps. The very first step was the instrument preparation to obtain the data. In this step, the writer prepared the
video and the script of the play performance The Good Woman of Setzuan in order to collect and note the students’ oral production of word stress.
The second step was listening carefully to the students’ pronunciation in the play performance while checking the play performance’s script in order to
make the process easier. The third step was data collection. The data collection was done by
searching the incorrect word stress by referencing to the related literature or theories presented in Chapter 2. Besides that, the writer noted the students’ stress
in the word level and compared the stress to the transcription in the Longman Pronunciation Dictionary 2008 and the online version of Oxford Advanced
Learner’s Dictionary in order to determine whether the word has incorrect word
stress placement. The fourth step was data analysis. In this step, the writer classified the data
into some categories. The writer also paid attention to how the students
