TENSE PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH INTO INDONESIAN TEXT MADE BY TRANSLATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
TENSE PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH INTO INDONESIAN
TEXT MADE BY TRANSLATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF
MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
By:
ARIEF HADZIQ FIKRI
201110100311197
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2016
TENSE PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH INTO INDONESIAN
TEXT MADE BY TRANSLATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF
MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
ARIEF HADZIQ FIKRI
201110100311197
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillaahi Rabbil’aalamiin, the writer expresses his highest gratitude
to Allah SWT for his blessing, love, opportunity, health, and mercy to complete
this thesis. Sholawat is also sent to Prophet Muhammad SAW who had delivered
the truth to human beings in general and Moslem in particular.
In arranging this thesis, many people have provided motivation, advice,
support, even remark that had helped the writer. In this valuable chance, the writer
aims to express his gratitude and appreciation to all of them.
1.
Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M.Hum. as the first advisor who had patiently
guided the writer in arranging this thesis twice a week. She had given the
writer motivation, correction, sources, valuable and precious advice to the
writer in analyzing and finishing this thesis.
2.
Kairuddin, M.Pd. as the second advisor who had friendly guided the writer in
accomplishing this thesis. He had provided his patient, kind, advice, sources,
correction and motivation to the writer so this thesis can be done well.
3.
The writer’s best friends, mas Yopy, Rizki and Khoiriyah who had been the
non-officially third advisor for the writer. They had freely given the writer
support, advice, correction, sources, motivation and valuable time to get done
this thesis.
4.
The writer’s friends who had been the volunteer in translating the text. They
had translated the English into Indonesian text so the writer could analyze
their translation products.
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER .......................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................. iii
LEGALIZATION ......................................................................................... iv
MOTO AND DEDICATION ....................................................................... v
ORIGINALITY DECLARATION .............................................................. vi
ABSTRACTS ................................................................................................. vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. x
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study ........................................................................... 1
1.2 Statements of the problem ......................................................................... 5
1.3 Purposes of the study ................................................................................ 5
1.4 Significances of the study ......................................................................... 5
1.5 Scope and limitation .................................................................................. 6
1.6 Definition of key terms ............................................................................. 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Translation ................................................................................................ 7
2.1.1 Kinds of translation .......................................................................... 8
2.1.1.1 Interlingual translation .......................................................... 8
2.1.1.2 Intralingual translation .......................................................... 8
2.1.1.3 Intersemiotic translation ........................................................ 9
2.1.2 Translation problems ......................................................................... 10
2.1.2.1 Equivalence problems ........................................................... 10
2.1.3 Translation approaches ...................................................................... 15
2.1.2.1 The approaches closest to the source language ..................... 15
2.1.2.2 The approaches closest to the target language ...................... 16
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design ......................................................................................... 17
3.2 Objects of the study ................................................................................... 18
3.3 Research instrument .................................................................................. 18
3.3.1 Document analysis ........................................................................... 19
3.4 Data collection .......................................................................................... 19
3.5 Data analysis ............................................................................................. 20
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
1.1 Research findings ..................................................................................... 21
1.1.1 The kinds of tense problems made by students ............................... 21
4.1.1.1 Tenses ................................................................................. 21
4.1.2 The most dominant tense problem made by students ..................... 25
4.2 Discussion ................................................................................................. 27
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
4.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 30
4.2 Suggestions .............................................................................................. 30
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 32
APPENDIXES ............................................................................................... 33
TABLE OF APPENDIX
Appendix 1
The source text that would be translated by students ....................................... 37
Appendix 2
Students’ translation product (student 1) ......................................................... 41
Students’ translation product (student 2) ........................................................ 46
Students’ translation product (student 3) ........................................................ 50
Students’ translation product (student 4) ........................................................ 54
Students’ translation product (student 5) ........................................................ 58
Students’ translation product (student 6) ........................................................ 63
Students’ translation product (student 7) ......................................................... 67
Students’ translation product (student 8) ........................................................ 72
Students’ translation product (student 9) ........................................................ 76
Students’ translation product (student 10) ...................................................... 80
Appendix 3
Students’ tense problem (student 1) ................................................................ 84
Students’ tense problem (student 2) ................................................................ 85
Students’ tense problem (student 3) ................................................................ 86
Students’ tense problem (student 4) ................................................................ 87
Students’ tense problem (student 5) ................................................................ 89
Students’ tense problem (student 6) ................................................................ 90
Students’ tense problem (student 7) ................................................................ 91
Students’ tense problem (student 8) ................................................................ 92
Students’ tense problem (student 9) ................................................................ 93
Students’ tense problem (student 10) .............................................................. 94
REFERENCES
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education, Eighth Edition.
Canada: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 1999. Understanding and Using English Grammar,
Third Edition. USA: Longman.
Baker, Mona. 1992. In Other Words: A Course Book on Translation. London:
Routledge.
Bassnett, Susan. 2002. Translation Studies, Third Edition. London and New York:
Goutledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Catford, J.C. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford
University Press.
Das, Bijay Kumar. 2008. A Handbook of Translation Studies. Delhi: Nice Printing
Press.
Hornby, AS. 1975. Guide to Patterns and Usage in Enlish. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Jakobson, Roman. 2000. On Linguistic Aspects of Translation. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Mikula, Maja. 2008. Key Concepts In Cultural Studies. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Nababan, M. Rudolf. 2008. Teori Menerjemah Bahasa Inggris. Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.
Newmark, Peter. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Shanghai Foreign
Language Education Press.
Nida, Eugene A. 1982. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Netherlands:
Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Richards, Jack C. and Schmidt, Richard. 2010. Dictionary of Language Teaching
and Applied Linguistics, Fourth Edition. Great Britain: Longman Pearson.
Schjoldager, Anne. 2008. Understanding Translation, First Edition. Denmark:
Gyldendal Akademisk Group
Sukmadinata, Nana Syaodih. 2010. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Bandung: PT
Remaja Rosdakarya.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter covers some topics. They are background of the study,
statements of problem, purposes of the study, significances of the study, scope
and limitation, and definition of key term.
1.1
Background of the study
Language is the system of communication in speech and writing that is
used by people. People communicate each other through language, both written
and spoken. According to Mikula (2008), language is the method of human
communication and expression, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of
words in structured and conventional way (p. 110).
There are many languages in the world. Since language is the method of
communication, people need translation to communicate with other people who
use different language. Furthermore, translation activity has been a part of
people’s need who are involved in bilingual communication. Therefore, language
and translation cannot be separated from each other. It is very important to study
about translation because every day many people interact with others who use
different language.
According to Bassnett (2002), translation means interpreting the source
language (SL) text into the target language (TL). It is to ensure that the meaning
and the structures of the TL will be approximately similar as the SL (p. 12).
1
2
Besides, the core of translation is the delivery of message, meaning and idea from
the source language to the target language.
English education department at University of Muhammadiyah Malang is
one of English departments in Indonesia that is aware and concerned on
translation studies. Actually, there are three vocational courses in English
Education Department in this university that can be taken in the sixth semester by
students. They are English for Young Learners (EYL), Business English (BE) and
Translation Studies. Students at that semester must choose one of those courses.
Those three subjects are intended to create educated students with professional
skill to face the real life after graduated.
Like the other vocational courses, students who take translation
vocational course must do the apprenticeship. It is translation job training that
students have to deal with working in a group to establish translation service of
English and Indonesian. Therefore, students must translate any kinds of text. The
texts that are usually translated by the students are abstract, journal, article, a
piece of book, and announcement letters that depend on the clients’ request. This
training is purposed to apply students’ knowledge and skills that have been
acquired during the learning process. Furthermore, the students are expected to
take the values from the job training process in order to prepare for students itself
in the reality job in their life.
It is very common that in doing something, there must be some problems.
It also happened to the students at English Education Department at University of
Muhammadiyah Malang in doing translation. Based on the students’ translation
3
product, the researcher found some tense problems that need to be analyzed
significantly.
The researcher decided to analyze students’ translation product because
translation is the most important factor to convey the meaning of certain language
to other certain language. Furthermore, the researcher will only concern on the
tense problems because tenses are absolutely exist in every single sentence.
The researcher prefers to analyze translation texts from English into
Indonesian rather than the inverse one because of several reasons. The first reason
is the students’ opinions who study in English Education Department at
University of Muhammadiyah Malang. They said that they faced some problems
when they were translating English into Indonesian texts because they have to
comprehend the source language which is English that is also as foreign language
for them. Therefore, students must have much knowledge about English grammar
and vocabulary. The next reason is that students are lack of vocabulary,
terminologies, sentence structure and the few of translation experience.
Translation
students
of
English
department
at
University
of
Muhammadiyah Malang are chosen as objects in this research because they have
learned about translation. They also had done the apprenticeship which is doing
the job training of translation for one semester in the sixth semester.
This research is not the only one research that analyzes about translation
problems. There are some researchers who analyzed the translation problems. One
of them is the study that has done by Dr. Ahmad Maher Nakhallah which is titled
4
“Difficulties and Problems Faced by English Students at QOU in the Translation
Process from English to Arabic and Their solutions”.
However, there are several differences between Nakhallah’s research and
this research. First, Nakhallah analyzed on the difficulties and problems of
grammar while the writer only analyzes on the tense problems. Second, Nakhallah
applied an experimental descriptive method while the writer applies a descriptive
qualitative method. Third, he offered a test of translation while the writer did not.
Fourth, he selected a population and sample while the writer selects the subjects
of the study. Last, he decided to analyze on the students of English deparment
while the writer decided to analyze the students of English department who took
and concern on translation course.
Based on the background and previous study explained above, it can be
said that translation problems still occur frequently on the students even the
students who took vocational of translation. Those conditions above make the
students confused and tend to commit problems. Therefore, the researcher
believes that this case needs to be analyzed significantly in order to identify the
problems and find the most dominant problem. In the end, the researcher ended up
to analyze the students’ translation product under the title “Tense Problems in
Translating English into Indonesian Text Made by Translation Students at
University of Muhammadiyah Malang”
5
1.2.
Statements of problem
Based on the background of the study above, the researcher determines
that the statements of the problem are these following:
1. What tense problems are made by translation students at University of
Muhammadiyah Malang in translating English into Indonesian text?
2. What is the most dominant tense problem in translating English into
Indonesian text?
1.3.
Purposes of the study
In view of background of the study and statements of problem above, the
researcher decides the purposes of the study as below:
1. To investigate the tense problems in translating English into Indonesian text
made by translation students at University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
2. To find the most dominant tense problems in translating English into
Indonesian text.
1.4.
Significances of the study
The result of this study is expected to give the contributions to the
English Language Education Department students especially for translation
students. By knowing the tense problems, students would like to be more careful
in translating the words and they could minimize the problems to get the good
arrangement of words. Besides, this research is also expected to general people
who want to study about translation so they can avoid the problems based on this
study.
6
Furthermore, by knowing tense problems, the researcher hopes that the
learners could take the advantages from this research and do not repeat the
problems anymore. Besides, the researcher believes that the fewer problems found
on learners, the more translation knowledge they acquire. Moreover, this research
is also helpful for translation students in terms of enrichment of translation skill,
decreasing problems in translation, problems solving for translation and bringing
students to a higher level proficiency of translation.
1.5.
Scope and limitation
The scope of this study is translation problems in translating English into
Indonesian text. Furthermore, the limitation of this research is only the translation
problems that categorized as tense problem.
1.6.
Definition of key terms
In order to avoid the misunderstanding and give the easy comprehension
in this study, the researcher provides the definition of key term as follow:
1. Translation: rendering the source language (SL) text into the target language
(TL). (Bassnett, 2014: 14)
2. Problem: undermining an established way of thinking about things by
analyzing a concept or ideologywhich was previously taken for granted.
(Richards and Schmidt, 2010: 157)
3. Tense: a verb or series of verb forms used to express a time relation.
(Hornby, 1980: 78)
TEXT MADE BY TRANSLATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF
MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
By:
ARIEF HADZIQ FIKRI
201110100311197
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2016
TENSE PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH INTO INDONESIAN
TEXT MADE BY TRANSLATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF
MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
ARIEF HADZIQ FIKRI
201110100311197
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillaahi Rabbil’aalamiin, the writer expresses his highest gratitude
to Allah SWT for his blessing, love, opportunity, health, and mercy to complete
this thesis. Sholawat is also sent to Prophet Muhammad SAW who had delivered
the truth to human beings in general and Moslem in particular.
In arranging this thesis, many people have provided motivation, advice,
support, even remark that had helped the writer. In this valuable chance, the writer
aims to express his gratitude and appreciation to all of them.
1.
Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M.Hum. as the first advisor who had patiently
guided the writer in arranging this thesis twice a week. She had given the
writer motivation, correction, sources, valuable and precious advice to the
writer in analyzing and finishing this thesis.
2.
Kairuddin, M.Pd. as the second advisor who had friendly guided the writer in
accomplishing this thesis. He had provided his patient, kind, advice, sources,
correction and motivation to the writer so this thesis can be done well.
3.
The writer’s best friends, mas Yopy, Rizki and Khoiriyah who had been the
non-officially third advisor for the writer. They had freely given the writer
support, advice, correction, sources, motivation and valuable time to get done
this thesis.
4.
The writer’s friends who had been the volunteer in translating the text. They
had translated the English into Indonesian text so the writer could analyze
their translation products.
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER .......................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................. iii
LEGALIZATION ......................................................................................... iv
MOTO AND DEDICATION ....................................................................... v
ORIGINALITY DECLARATION .............................................................. vi
ABSTRACTS ................................................................................................. vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. x
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study ........................................................................... 1
1.2 Statements of the problem ......................................................................... 5
1.3 Purposes of the study ................................................................................ 5
1.4 Significances of the study ......................................................................... 5
1.5 Scope and limitation .................................................................................. 6
1.6 Definition of key terms ............................................................................. 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Translation ................................................................................................ 7
2.1.1 Kinds of translation .......................................................................... 8
2.1.1.1 Interlingual translation .......................................................... 8
2.1.1.2 Intralingual translation .......................................................... 8
2.1.1.3 Intersemiotic translation ........................................................ 9
2.1.2 Translation problems ......................................................................... 10
2.1.2.1 Equivalence problems ........................................................... 10
2.1.3 Translation approaches ...................................................................... 15
2.1.2.1 The approaches closest to the source language ..................... 15
2.1.2.2 The approaches closest to the target language ...................... 16
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design ......................................................................................... 17
3.2 Objects of the study ................................................................................... 18
3.3 Research instrument .................................................................................. 18
3.3.1 Document analysis ........................................................................... 19
3.4 Data collection .......................................................................................... 19
3.5 Data analysis ............................................................................................. 20
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
1.1 Research findings ..................................................................................... 21
1.1.1 The kinds of tense problems made by students ............................... 21
4.1.1.1 Tenses ................................................................................. 21
4.1.2 The most dominant tense problem made by students ..................... 25
4.2 Discussion ................................................................................................. 27
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
4.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 30
4.2 Suggestions .............................................................................................. 30
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 32
APPENDIXES ............................................................................................... 33
TABLE OF APPENDIX
Appendix 1
The source text that would be translated by students ....................................... 37
Appendix 2
Students’ translation product (student 1) ......................................................... 41
Students’ translation product (student 2) ........................................................ 46
Students’ translation product (student 3) ........................................................ 50
Students’ translation product (student 4) ........................................................ 54
Students’ translation product (student 5) ........................................................ 58
Students’ translation product (student 6) ........................................................ 63
Students’ translation product (student 7) ......................................................... 67
Students’ translation product (student 8) ........................................................ 72
Students’ translation product (student 9) ........................................................ 76
Students’ translation product (student 10) ...................................................... 80
Appendix 3
Students’ tense problem (student 1) ................................................................ 84
Students’ tense problem (student 2) ................................................................ 85
Students’ tense problem (student 3) ................................................................ 86
Students’ tense problem (student 4) ................................................................ 87
Students’ tense problem (student 5) ................................................................ 89
Students’ tense problem (student 6) ................................................................ 90
Students’ tense problem (student 7) ................................................................ 91
Students’ tense problem (student 8) ................................................................ 92
Students’ tense problem (student 9) ................................................................ 93
Students’ tense problem (student 10) .............................................................. 94
REFERENCES
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education, Eighth Edition.
Canada: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 1999. Understanding and Using English Grammar,
Third Edition. USA: Longman.
Baker, Mona. 1992. In Other Words: A Course Book on Translation. London:
Routledge.
Bassnett, Susan. 2002. Translation Studies, Third Edition. London and New York:
Goutledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Catford, J.C. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford
University Press.
Das, Bijay Kumar. 2008. A Handbook of Translation Studies. Delhi: Nice Printing
Press.
Hornby, AS. 1975. Guide to Patterns and Usage in Enlish. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Jakobson, Roman. 2000. On Linguistic Aspects of Translation. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Mikula, Maja. 2008. Key Concepts In Cultural Studies. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Nababan, M. Rudolf. 2008. Teori Menerjemah Bahasa Inggris. Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.
Newmark, Peter. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Shanghai Foreign
Language Education Press.
Nida, Eugene A. 1982. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Netherlands:
Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Richards, Jack C. and Schmidt, Richard. 2010. Dictionary of Language Teaching
and Applied Linguistics, Fourth Edition. Great Britain: Longman Pearson.
Schjoldager, Anne. 2008. Understanding Translation, First Edition. Denmark:
Gyldendal Akademisk Group
Sukmadinata, Nana Syaodih. 2010. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Bandung: PT
Remaja Rosdakarya.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter covers some topics. They are background of the study,
statements of problem, purposes of the study, significances of the study, scope
and limitation, and definition of key term.
1.1
Background of the study
Language is the system of communication in speech and writing that is
used by people. People communicate each other through language, both written
and spoken. According to Mikula (2008), language is the method of human
communication and expression, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of
words in structured and conventional way (p. 110).
There are many languages in the world. Since language is the method of
communication, people need translation to communicate with other people who
use different language. Furthermore, translation activity has been a part of
people’s need who are involved in bilingual communication. Therefore, language
and translation cannot be separated from each other. It is very important to study
about translation because every day many people interact with others who use
different language.
According to Bassnett (2002), translation means interpreting the source
language (SL) text into the target language (TL). It is to ensure that the meaning
and the structures of the TL will be approximately similar as the SL (p. 12).
1
2
Besides, the core of translation is the delivery of message, meaning and idea from
the source language to the target language.
English education department at University of Muhammadiyah Malang is
one of English departments in Indonesia that is aware and concerned on
translation studies. Actually, there are three vocational courses in English
Education Department in this university that can be taken in the sixth semester by
students. They are English for Young Learners (EYL), Business English (BE) and
Translation Studies. Students at that semester must choose one of those courses.
Those three subjects are intended to create educated students with professional
skill to face the real life after graduated.
Like the other vocational courses, students who take translation
vocational course must do the apprenticeship. It is translation job training that
students have to deal with working in a group to establish translation service of
English and Indonesian. Therefore, students must translate any kinds of text. The
texts that are usually translated by the students are abstract, journal, article, a
piece of book, and announcement letters that depend on the clients’ request. This
training is purposed to apply students’ knowledge and skills that have been
acquired during the learning process. Furthermore, the students are expected to
take the values from the job training process in order to prepare for students itself
in the reality job in their life.
It is very common that in doing something, there must be some problems.
It also happened to the students at English Education Department at University of
Muhammadiyah Malang in doing translation. Based on the students’ translation
3
product, the researcher found some tense problems that need to be analyzed
significantly.
The researcher decided to analyze students’ translation product because
translation is the most important factor to convey the meaning of certain language
to other certain language. Furthermore, the researcher will only concern on the
tense problems because tenses are absolutely exist in every single sentence.
The researcher prefers to analyze translation texts from English into
Indonesian rather than the inverse one because of several reasons. The first reason
is the students’ opinions who study in English Education Department at
University of Muhammadiyah Malang. They said that they faced some problems
when they were translating English into Indonesian texts because they have to
comprehend the source language which is English that is also as foreign language
for them. Therefore, students must have much knowledge about English grammar
and vocabulary. The next reason is that students are lack of vocabulary,
terminologies, sentence structure and the few of translation experience.
Translation
students
of
English
department
at
University
of
Muhammadiyah Malang are chosen as objects in this research because they have
learned about translation. They also had done the apprenticeship which is doing
the job training of translation for one semester in the sixth semester.
This research is not the only one research that analyzes about translation
problems. There are some researchers who analyzed the translation problems. One
of them is the study that has done by Dr. Ahmad Maher Nakhallah which is titled
4
“Difficulties and Problems Faced by English Students at QOU in the Translation
Process from English to Arabic and Their solutions”.
However, there are several differences between Nakhallah’s research and
this research. First, Nakhallah analyzed on the difficulties and problems of
grammar while the writer only analyzes on the tense problems. Second, Nakhallah
applied an experimental descriptive method while the writer applies a descriptive
qualitative method. Third, he offered a test of translation while the writer did not.
Fourth, he selected a population and sample while the writer selects the subjects
of the study. Last, he decided to analyze on the students of English deparment
while the writer decided to analyze the students of English department who took
and concern on translation course.
Based on the background and previous study explained above, it can be
said that translation problems still occur frequently on the students even the
students who took vocational of translation. Those conditions above make the
students confused and tend to commit problems. Therefore, the researcher
believes that this case needs to be analyzed significantly in order to identify the
problems and find the most dominant problem. In the end, the researcher ended up
to analyze the students’ translation product under the title “Tense Problems in
Translating English into Indonesian Text Made by Translation Students at
University of Muhammadiyah Malang”
5
1.2.
Statements of problem
Based on the background of the study above, the researcher determines
that the statements of the problem are these following:
1. What tense problems are made by translation students at University of
Muhammadiyah Malang in translating English into Indonesian text?
2. What is the most dominant tense problem in translating English into
Indonesian text?
1.3.
Purposes of the study
In view of background of the study and statements of problem above, the
researcher decides the purposes of the study as below:
1. To investigate the tense problems in translating English into Indonesian text
made by translation students at University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
2. To find the most dominant tense problems in translating English into
Indonesian text.
1.4.
Significances of the study
The result of this study is expected to give the contributions to the
English Language Education Department students especially for translation
students. By knowing the tense problems, students would like to be more careful
in translating the words and they could minimize the problems to get the good
arrangement of words. Besides, this research is also expected to general people
who want to study about translation so they can avoid the problems based on this
study.
6
Furthermore, by knowing tense problems, the researcher hopes that the
learners could take the advantages from this research and do not repeat the
problems anymore. Besides, the researcher believes that the fewer problems found
on learners, the more translation knowledge they acquire. Moreover, this research
is also helpful for translation students in terms of enrichment of translation skill,
decreasing problems in translation, problems solving for translation and bringing
students to a higher level proficiency of translation.
1.5.
Scope and limitation
The scope of this study is translation problems in translating English into
Indonesian text. Furthermore, the limitation of this research is only the translation
problems that categorized as tense problem.
1.6.
Definition of key terms
In order to avoid the misunderstanding and give the easy comprehension
in this study, the researcher provides the definition of key term as follow:
1. Translation: rendering the source language (SL) text into the target language
(TL). (Bassnett, 2014: 14)
2. Problem: undermining an established way of thinking about things by
analyzing a concept or ideologywhich was previously taken for granted.
(Richards and Schmidt, 2010: 157)
3. Tense: a verb or series of verb forms used to express a time relation.
(Hornby, 1980: 78)