Colonialised PRO-WESTERNIZATION REFLECTED IN ORHAN PAMUK’S ISTANBUL MEMOIR (2003) : A POST-COLONIAL APPROACH Pro-Westernization Reflected In Orhan Pamuk’s Istanbul Memoir (2003) : A Post-Colonial Approach.

7 keeping with the custom of the time, they proudly put up a plaque that said PAMUK APT.’ Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 9 Like so many place in the world, colonialism by Ottoman Family you can find simmit as the special food in Ottoman colonialism. A youth is fishing from the old fishing station at Besiktas and loving Melling as much as I do, I am not going to say that the sea at Besiktas is never quite so calm as he depicts it; beside this youth, only five paces away, are the two mysterious men who appear on the cover of a Turkish edition of the white castle; on the hills of Kandili is a man with a dancing bear an assistant, shaking a tambourine; in the center of Sultanahmed Square the Hippodrome, according to Melling, seemingly unmoved by the crowds and the monuments, in the manner of all true Istanbul lus, there is a man walking slowly alongside his burdened donkey; sitting in the same picture, with his back to the crowds, is a man selling the sesame rolls we still call simmit , and his three-legged table is the same as the three- legged tables some simmit sellers still use today. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 74 As a time walk, because of the coming of westernization and the pro contra with the west. Many people emigrated from one place to the other place in Istanbul because of many rebellion was happen.

2. Colonialised

Second process of post-colonialism was colonialised. Based on the story colonialised start from the colonialism began with westernization. Firs problem that attacked the city is the war with other country. Because of the war, many of the people were emigrated from one place to the other more save place. My grandmother’s father had immigrated to Anatolia during the Russia-Ottoman war 1877-78, settling first in Izmir from time to time there was talk of an empty house there and later in Istanbul , where my grandfather had studied civil engineering. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 12. After many of the war, Ottoman tries to entering westernization in the city. They entering western people to traveling to their place, but because of the haters of their people, they call western people by dog. Then there are the packs of dogs, mentioned by every western traveler to pass through Istanbul during the nineteenth century, from Lamartine and Gerard de Nerval 8 to Mark Twain; they continue to bring drama to the city’s streets. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 42 Because of the coming of the western travelers, Ottoman have an influent from western and becoming of the beginning of westernization in Istanbul , one of the influent is about the building. This colonnaded neoclassical building no longer exists, so we know it only from millings own paintings; it did not just express a Bosporus identity but set the standard for what the memoirist Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar 1901-1962 would later call a “hybrid style”: a new Ottoman architecture that successfully combined motifs of western and traditional origin. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 64 The Utsmanial didn’t exist long. When the society hear about the craziness in the palace, crazy princes, children in the attic, murdering pasha and the other craziness, the society do not believing again with the Ottoman family. It can be explained in the memoir in this paragraph: Watching the pashas mansions burn to the ground, my family maintained a stony equanimity-much as we had done in the face of all those stories about crazy princes, opium addicts in the palace harem, children locked in attics, treacherous sultan’s daughter, and exiled or murdered pasha-and ultimately the decline and fall of the empire itself. As we in Nisantasi saw it, the republic had done away with the pashas, princes, and high officials, so the empty mansions they had left behind were only decrepit anomalies.’ Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 28 The other factor that make Ottoman more ruin is about the expected with westernization that Ottoman culture in the politics. They think that politic based on westernization knowledge will much better than their own political rule. As with many of his successors, people expected a great deal from this pasha, simply because he was more western than Ottoman or Turks. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 27 They intention to take the authority of industrial for better economical condition more flare up then the rebellion happen. The palace was fallen and Istanbul under the rebellion change becomes Turkey Republic under Lausanne Doctrine. 9 It was the Lausanne Conference that finally shaped the Pro-Western political policy of Turkey. Jamil Hasanli p xii Because of many influent of westernization came to the city then influenced the political movement and make Ottoman influent weaker. Then the post- colonialism under the Attaturk era was happen. Many people support this Turkification. First, if, following the First World War, during the armistice years, Istanbul was to become a colony of the West, it was important to explain to the colonizers that this was not just a place to be remembered for Hagia Sophia and its churches; they had to be made aware o f the city’s Turkish identity. And second, after the War of Independence and the founding of the Republic, Yahya Kemal emphasized Istanbul ’s Turkishness to herald “the creation of a new nation.” Both writers wrote long articles that overlooked Istanbul ’s multilingual, multireligious heritage to support this “Turkification.” Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 251

3. Post-Colonialism