4 The sources to researched this paper used Orhan Pamuk’s
Istanbul
memoir 2003 published by First Vintage International Edition in July 2006 book design by Robert C. Olsson.
b. Secondary Data Sources
The other data that used to research this paper came from books, internet, journal and dictionary. This was important to supported the
researcher when looked about information that needed by completed the research paper because the data will support the primary data
sources.
4. Technique of the Data Collection
There was some technique that used when researched this paper. The technique would make this paper become easier to found about the point.
The step when researched the impact of westernization was included:
a. reading the original memoir
Istanbul
b. determining the character
c. feeling every moment that created
d. taking some notes
e. classified the data
5. Technique of the Data Analysis
Technique used in analyzed the data was used descriptive analysis. This was related with structural element of
Istanbul
memoir 2003 by Orhan Pamuk. Descriptive text could be determined by interpreted the text and
the content by post-colonialism based on the content of the text.
Specifically the analysis of the data donned by:
a. Analyzed the memoir based on that structural elements.
b. Analyzed the post-colonialism perspective by searched the impact of
the new colonialism.
3. ANALYSIS OF PRO-WESTERNIZATION
Westernization was spread all over the world. People try to used and imitated western culture to make their life more stylish in their view. Actually try to be
western and modern is different. People think that to be western should be modern first. It is wrong. Modern and western is quite different.
5 Some have assumption that the modern civilization is the same as
the western civilization and consequently western civilizations are the same as modern civilization. This statement is not true. This is
due to the fact that the western has always been even before modernization. Anonym, p 4
The major factor that made it does not clear is because modernization start in Europe, so people concept is modern have a similar meaning with western.
Civilization brings about modernization; and civilization has historic start in Europe. Anonym, p 1
Actually western was more old than modernization. A clear explanation about the different about westernization and modernization is, westernization has been seen in
their philosophy and rationalism, but modernization focuses on evolution from tradition society practical’s to modern social status. It hard to make people understand
about what they want will do if they want be more western or more modern. Indigenous people, before European come they have their own culture, but after the
European colonized them, they should change their style of life, it does mean change culture, just change lifestyle.
For modern transformation the country must therefore undergo economic, political, and cultural transformation. Economically, the
country needs to transform from traditional agriculture practices to modern industrial practices. Politically, the country must move
from dictatorial and feudal autocratic practices to free and fair democratic society. Culturally, the society needs to move from
uncivilized groups into conscious individualism so as to have
independence. ‘Anonym, p 3 It has big damage in their life. Civilization brings about modernization, and
civilization has historic start in Europe. Now it is clear about westernization and modernization. Try to modernization to make life easier it does mean leave the culture
we have before, but in
Istanbul
memoir, traditional culture should left. But finding himself in the oppressing, centralizing, homogenizing
grip that the westerni zing movement brought with it, this “old-
fashioned”
Istanbul
writer was left with very few in which to express his “socially unacceptable” tastes and obsessions.Pamuk,
2003: 166 Turkey republic was founded on October 29, 1923, out of the ashes of Ottoman,
Mustafa Kemal Attaturk want to elevate Turkey to the rank of highly civilized nation. Not all society agrees with westernization, anti westernization based on
Istanbul
memoir called
Istanbullus
but this research paper did not talk about it.
6 This chapter deals with post-colonial analysis. Post-colonial analysis tries to
explore the political condition of
Istanbul
based on the memoir. This post-colonial study will explore the condition before and after the new colonalisation happen.
A. Post-Colonial Study
Post-colonial is the study of political condition that shifting in some period. It was studied about controlling power. In this memoir, post-colonial differentiates
based on three parts. First colonial, colonialised then post-colonialism based on the explanation of Aijaz Ahmad in An Introduction to Post-Colonial theory.
But I have seen articles in a great many place, in the special issue of social text on post-colonialist, with push the use of the term
“colonialism” back to such configuration as the Incas, the Ottomans and the Chinese, well before the Europe colonial empire
began: and then bring the term forward to cover all kinds of national oppression, as, for example, the savagery or the Indonesian
government in East Tim
or. ‘colonialism’ then becomes a trans- historical thing, always present and always in process of dissolution
in one part of the world or another, so that everyone gets the privilege, sooner or later, at one time or another, of being
colonizer, colonized and post-colonial sometimes all at once, in the
case of Australia for example.’ Peter Childs and R.J. Patrick Williams, p 2
1. Colonial
In
Istanbul
memoir colonialism begin with the Ottoman era. Ottoman era was took their inspiration from Persia.
Ottoman miniaturist took their inspiration from Persians. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 44
Based on the story, Ottoman era had found from the Utsmaniah then change to the Republican era, people still call the city
Istanbul
.
Istanbul
family had a custom in their era. Their all big family would stay in one house and live in
the each different of floor. My mother, my father, my older brother, my grandmother,
my uncles, and my aunts-we all lived on different floors of the same five-story apartment house. Until the year before
I was born, the different branches of the family had as with so many large Ottoman families lived together in a
stone mansion, in 1951 they tended it out to a private elementary school and build on the empty lot next door the
modern structure I would know as home; on the facade, in
7 keeping with the custom of the time, they proudly put up a
plaque that said PAMUK APT.’ Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 9 Like so many place in the world, colonialism by Ottoman Family you can find
simmit
as the special food in Ottoman colonialism. A youth is fishing from the old fishing station at Besiktas
and loving Melling as much as I do, I am not going to say that the sea at Besiktas is never quite so calm as he depicts
it; beside this youth, only five paces away, are the two mysterious men who appear on the cover of a Turkish
edition of the white castle; on the hills of Kandili is a man with a dancing bear an assistant, shaking a tambourine; in
the center of Sultanahmed Square the Hippodrome, according to Melling, seemingly unmoved by the crowds
and the monuments, in the manner of all true
Istanbul
lus, there is a man walking slowly alongside his burdened
donkey; sitting in the same picture, with his back to the crowds, is a man selling the sesame rolls we still call
simmit
, and his three-legged table is the same as the three- legged tables some
simmit
sellers still use today. Orhan Pamuk, 2003, p 74
As a time walk, because of the coming of westernization and the pro contra with the west. Many people emigrated from one place to the other place in
Istanbul
because of many rebellion was happen.
2. Colonialised
