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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Purpose of the Research
The writer wants to know the students’ difficulties in learning modal auxiliary especially o
f „Can’ and „Could’ in determining the meaning, function and form of Modal Auxiliary and then the writer wants to analyze
why they face the difficulties in using Modal auxiliary.
B. Place and Time of the Research
The research was held at Mts Muhammadiyah 1 Ciputat, which is located on Jl.Nangka No. 21 Ciputat, T
angerang. It’s not far and only about 20 minutes from the writer’s lodging house. This research began by doing the
observation at school and the research was carried on May 2010.
C. Method of the Research
This study uses descriptive analysis technique in a form of research about the students
’ difficulties in learning modal auxiliary. The descriptive analysis is designed to obtain the current status of phenomenon and is directed
toward determining the nature of situation as it exists at the time of the study.
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D. Population and Sample
The population of this research is the eight grade students of Mts Muhammadiyah that divided into three classes, and the writer took VIII-2
class as the sample that consists of 35 students from 42 students. So the sample of this research is 35 students, because three students of class VIII-2
were sick and four students of class VIII-2 were absent. The sample is taken by using cluster Sampling tehnique, because the
writer took one class from three classes, and it is consists of 35 students and 17 students will be interviewed, the determaining of class that will be
researched based on the policy and ease from the school.
E. Techniques of Data Collecting.
1. Written Test
He visited the school to do reasech. Then, he explained about Modal Auxilaries. Next, he gave the written test to the students which
consisted of 24 items to the students. They were divided into two parts, 12 items were about the meaning and the function of modal auxilaries of
modal auxilaries and and the rests were about the verb which could be used in modal auxilaries sentence or called the form of modal auxilaries.
The distribution of test could be seen in the table below.
Table 3.1 Modal auxilaries and the number of each items.
No. Modal uxilaries
Number of item
1. Can
6 2.
Could 6
3. Form
12
Total 24 items
The form here is meant the verb could be used in modal auxilariescan and could sentence or the sentence pattern of modal
auxilaries.
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2. Interview
In this step, the writer interviewed some students who got bad and good score in order to know about thier difficulties in learning modal
auxilaries espesially “Can and Could”. For reinforching the data, he also interviewed the English teacher.
F. Techniques of Data Analysis
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