24
Table 4.2 Modal auxilaries area and each item
No Modal Auxilaries
Item Number
1. Can
1,3,5,8,9,11 2.
Could 2,4,6,7,10,12
Table 4.3 The items of modal auxiliary form
No Modal Auxilaries
Item Number
1. Can
13,15,16,17,19,20,21 2.
Could 14,18,22,23,24
B. Data Analysis
The writer gave the best to get a valid data. The data analysis will be described as follows:
1. Can
Table 4.4 Frequency of Difficulty in Can
Modal Auxiliary
Number Of Item
Frequency of Error
Frequency of Error
Can 1
3 8.57
3 18
51.42 5
24 68.57
8 10
28.57 9
27 77.14
11 18
51.42
Total
6 items 100
285.69 Based on the above calculation, the highest error is on number 9
with 77,14 and the lowest one is on number 1 with 8,57. The average of error in this item is as follows:
25
P =
100
n N
F
=
100 6
35 100
=
100 210
100
= 47,61
2. Could
Table 4.5 Frequency of Difficulty in Could
Modal Auxiliary
Number Of Item
Frequency of Error
Frequency of Error
Could 2
24 68.57
4 31
88.57 6
27 77.14
7 3
8.57 10
28 80
12 4
11.42
Total 6 items
107 334.27
Based on the above calculation, the highest error is on number 4 with 88,57 and the lowest one is on number 7 with 8,57. The average
of error in this item is as follows: P
=
100
n N
F
=
100 6
35 107
=
100 210
107
= 47.61 = 50.95
26
3. The Form of Modal Auxilaries
Table 4.6 Frequency of Difficulty in Modal Auxiliaries Form
Number of Item
Frequency of Error
Frequency of Error
13 27
77.14 14
12 34.28
15 9
25,.71 16
5 14.28
17 11
31.42 18
19 54.28
19 3
8.57 20
30 85.71
21 28
80 22
30 85.71
23 32
91.42 24
6 17.14
Total = 12
Items 212
605.66
Those items are about the form of modal Auxiliary. It means, the students have to know the pattern of Modal Auxiliary in a sentence. From
the calculation mentioned above, the highest frequency is on number 23 with 91,42 and the lowest frequency is on 16 with 14,28. He can also
see, there are two items which have the same frequencies. Those are on 20 and 22 with 85,71 student who chose the wrong answers. Then, the
average of the students’ error in this item is as follows: P
=
100
n N
F
=
100 12
35 212
=
100 420
212
= 50.47
27
Based on the data which have been receive about the analysis of learning difficulties of modal auxilaries, the writer got the information that
the learning difficulties were: a.
In written test After the test given, the writer checked the data and got the
information about the difficulties faced by the students in learning modal auxiliaries. Based on the data showed almost the student faced
difficulties in the meaning and function of modal auxiliaries in the meaning and function of modal auxiliaries.
b. In interview
The writer did the interview to the students and to the English teacher for reiforcing the data. The interview consisted of 10 items. He
took 17 students from class VIII-2 which he did the written test. Based on the result of the interview which could be found in the
appendixes 4 and 5, the student were still confused about the meaning and function of madal auxiliaries because they were confused in determining
which kinds of modal auxiliaries should put in the context of sentence. Beside that confusing, there are some difficulties which are caused by
internal and external factors.
28
Table 4.7 The Internal factor and External factors which caused the
students’ difficulties
no students
name Internal factor
External factor Ia
T Ib
MT MH
STL sosial
nonsosial A
V M
1 A
- -
- √
- -
- -
√ -
2 B
- -
√ -
- -
- -
- -
3 C
- -
√ √
- √
- -
- √
4 D
- -
√ √
- -
√ -
- -
5 E
- -
√ √
- -
√ -
- -
6 F
- -
√ -
- -
√ -
- -
7 G
- -
√ -
- -
- -
- -
8 H
- -
√ -
- -
- -
√ -
9 I
- -
√ -
- -
- -
- -
10 J
- -
√ √
- -
-- -
- -
11 K
- -
√ √
- -
- -
- -
12 L
- -
√ √
- -
- -
- -
13 M
- -
√ √
- -
- -
- -
14 N
- -
√ -
- -
- -
- -
15 O
- -
√ -
- √
- √
- 16
P -
- √
√ -
- -
- -
- 17
Q -
- √
√ -
- -
- √
- Total
15 12
1 4
4 2
Note: Ia
: Intelligence T
: Talent Ib
: Interest MT
: Motivation MH
: Mental Health STL
: Special Types of Learner A
: Audio V
: Visual M
: motorist
29
From the observant result explained above, that the cause of the students’ learning difficulties were came from the internal factor, that
most of interviewee facing the difficulties caused by the interest, they do not attention to the teacher’s explanation, beside that the cause of
difficulties are caused by their motivation in learning English subject with 12 students and their special types of learner with 5 students. The external
factors, social environment is 4 students. They could not study well and bad-relationship between teacher and students. And non-social
environment is 2 students. Which is the learning instrument and the class too hot.
C. Data Interpretation