REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S Rebellion Of Osvald Alving Reflected In Henrik Ibsens Ghosts Drama (1881): Psychoanalytic Approach.
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Derpartment
By
ANANDA DHIRA ANORAGA
A320110085
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
MOTTO
Hai
orang-orang
mukmin,
jikakamumenolong
(agama)
Allah,
niscayaDiaakanmenolongmudanmeneguhkankedudukanmu.
(QS: Muhammad Ayat: 7)
Sesungguhnya Allah memberikan nikmat-Nya kepada hamba-hamba-Nya sesuai
dengan kemampuan-Nya dan mewajibkan mereka bersyukur sesuai dengan
kemampuan mereka.
(Ali bin Abi Tholib)
Will nothing beyond your capacity; there is a wicked falseness who will beyond
their capacity
(Nietzsche)
Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'!
(Audrey Hepburn)
Orang yang melanggar peratu ran disebut sampah tapi Orang yang tidak
memperdul ilikan temannya lebih dari sampah
(theresearcher)
v
DEDICATION
1. Allah SWT, the Supreme Being; Praise to Allah SWT
2. Truly beloved mother and father
3. All my cheerful brothers, sisters’nephews and nieces
4. All my friends
5. To one unnamed; whose name someday shall be named to
dedicates, together with this little work; the whole production of
the writer from the very beginning.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb.
Alkhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to his blessing and
mercies given to the researcher, she can complete her research paper entitledA
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
In conducting this research, the researcher got some helps from many people. On this
best occasion, the researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude and
appreciation to the following people:
1.
Prof. Dr. HarunJokoPrayitno, M. Hum., Dean of Scholl of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2.
MaulyHalwatHikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department Muhammadiyah
University,
3.
Dr. Phil. DewiChandraningrum, M. Ed., the first consultant who has patiently
guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for consultant, and
gave the researcher nice suggestion,
4.
Titissetyabudi, SS ., MA, the second consultant who has been willing to guide,
correct, and encourage her from the beginning of writing until the end of it,
5.
Dra. Dwi Harjanti, M. Hum, as the academic consultant who has given the
researcher guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah University,
6.
All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and
mentor,
7.
His best gratitude for her beloved parents (Bapak Tri Sadono and Ibu Drajat
Prajatmi), thanks for ever over love, prayers, support (moral and material),
motivation, and everything during her life,
8.
His beloved sisters, who have given love, care, prayers, and support. Thanks
for everything,
9.
His big family, who have given care, prayers, and support. Thank you,
vii
10.
His beloved friends aisyah, dini,adit, adam, dito, wahyu, anduk,yeni, evi,
ambar, nisa, arin, dyah,pandu, kepen etc. thank you for your love, spirit,
motivation, suggestion, joke, and everything,
11.
His “sahabatkopma” umbrus, gendon, oli, and sukma. Thank a lot for our
solidarity, spirit, assemble, togetherness, and all of you regard as my brothers
ever.
12.
His friends in English Education Students Organization : thank a lot for many
experience and everything.
13.
Thank you for special person haslinda kusumaningrum, about support, helpful
and everything.
14.
Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the
researcher completing this research,
The researcher considers that this research paper is far from being perfect.
Therefore, suggestion and criticisms are welcome and acceptance. She hopes that this
research paper would be valuable for readers.
Wassalamu’alaikumWr.Wb.
Surakarta, July 18, 2016
The researcher
AnandaDhiraAnoraga
A320110085
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE...................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONIAL ..................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO....................................................................................................................v
DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... ix
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTHER I
: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................1
A. Background of the Study .................................................1
B. Literature Review.............................................................7
C. Problem Statement .........................................................11
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................11
E. Objectives of the Study ..................................................11
F.
Benefit of the Study .......................................................12
G. Research Method............................................................12
H. Paper Organization......................................................... 15
CHAPTER II
: UNDERLYING THEORY ...................................................16
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic Theory ...................................16
B. Structure of Personality ...................................................16
1. The Id ..................................................... ..................17
2. The Ego .....................................................................17
3. Super Ego ..................................................................18
4. Anxiety ......................................................................18
C. Notion of Rebellion.........................................................21
D. Structural Element of Play ..............................................23
E. Theoretical Application...................................................26
CHAPTER III
: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................28
ix
A. Structure Elements ..........................................................28
1. Characters and Characterization ...............................28
2. Setting ...................................................................... 33
a. Setting of Place .................................................. 34
b. Setting of Time .................................................. 34
3. Plot ............................................................................34
a. Exposition ...........................................................35
b. Complication .......................................................35
c. Climax .................................................................36
d. Suspense ..............................................................37
e. Resolution ...........................................................37
f. Conclusion ...........................................................38
4. Point of View ............................................................38
5. Style...........................................................................38
a. Grammatical Structure ........................................39
b. Sentence Construction.........................................39
c. Figurative language .............................................40
d. Symbol ................................................................43
6. Theme........................................................................44
B. Technical Element of Play ..............................................46
a. Miss en Scene ......................................................46
b. Direction..............................................................50
c. Source..................................................................50
d. Color....................................................................50
e. Music ...................................................................51
f. Sound Effect ........................................................51
C. Discussion .......................................................................51
CHAPTER IV
: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ......................................57
A. Oswald Alving’spersonality ............................................57
1. The id .......................................................................57
x
2. The ego .....................................................................59
3. The superego ............................................................60
B. Rebellion Against the State of Osvald ............................61
C. Discussion of the Findings ..............................................64
CHAPTER V
: CONCLUSION, EDUCATIONAL AND SUGGESTION ..69
A. Conclusion.......................................................................69
B. Educational Implication ..................................................70
C. Suggestion .......................................................................71
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
AnandaDhiraAnoraga
Phil. DewiCandraningrum
TitisSetyabudi
English Department, FKIP-UMS
Jl. A. YaniPabelanKartasuraTromolPos 1 Surakarta 57102
Telp.(0271) 717417 Fax. (0271) 715448
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberontakan yang ada
dalam drama Henrik Ibsen yang berjudul Ghosts dengan Pendekatan
Psikoanalitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis drama
berdasarkan Pendekatan Psikoanalitik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian
kualitatif dengan menggunakan drama Henrik Ibsen Ghosts (1881)
sebagai objek. Ada dua jenis sumber data: primer dan sekunder. Sumber
data primer adalah naskah drama Henrik Ibsen Ghosts dan sumber data
sekunder adalah beberapa buku sastra dan beberapa artikel yang
berhubungan dengan drama. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian
ini adalah studi pustaka dengan membaca dan meringkas data. Dalam
menganalisis data, penulis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari
penelitian ini adalah Osvald memiliki kondisi psikologi yang buruk. Hal
ini dibuktikan dengan pemberontakannya yang telah dilakukan. Meskipun
ia tahu bahwa berhubungan seks bebas dan penyalahgunaan obat-obatan
terlarang yang menyebabkan sifilis, tetapi dia masih mencoba untuk
menggunakan itu. pemberontakan lain yang telah Osvald dilakukan
adalah ketika ibunya melarang dia untuk menikah Regina yang
sebenarnya saudara tirinya, Osvald bersikeras untuk menikah Regina
karena dia mencintai Regina dan ia tidak pernah tahu bahwa Regina
adalah saudara tirinya karena ibunya tidak pernah mengatakan kepada
fakta-fakta yang terjadi di antara ayahnya dan ibu Regina. Berdasarkan
analisis di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberontakan Osvald Alving
yang cocok dengan ide utama Henrik Ibsen dilihat oleh pendekatan
psikoanalitik.
Kata kunci: pemberontakan. Ghosts. Pendekatan psikoanalitik.
xii
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
AnandaDhiraAnoraga
Phil. DewiCandraningrum
TitisSetyabudi
English Department, FKIP-UMS
Jl. A. YaniPabelanKartasuraTromolPos 1 Surakarta 57102
Telp.(0271) 717417 Fax. (0271) 715448
ABSTRACT
The problem of this study is How is the rebellion reflected at Henrik Ibsen’s
ghosts drama ?”. The objective of this study to analyze Ghosts based on Structural
analysis and the to analyze Ghosts play based on Psychoanalytic perspective.
The researcheremploys qualitative method. The writer uses two data
sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source is about The primary data
sources is the textplay itself. Then, the secondary data sources are from other
sources such as essay, articles, biography of Henrik Ibsen, Internet and other
relevant information.The method of data collection is library research and the
technique of data collection is descriptive technique.
Based on the anaylisis, the researcher get some conclusions. The study
showsthat the problem faced by the minor character is his own rebellion. Oswald is
presented by Henrik Ibsen, the author of Ghosts .Oswald is from Norway but lives in
Paris. Oswald’s is an artist, becausehe fearing that his exuberance and creativity
would dissipate like that his father, he wanted to leave his home in Norwey and he
wanted to stay in Paris with Regina.The mistake is Oswald’s live as an artist that
caused him trapped in drugs abuse, alcohol, and having free sex.Thejoy of life as an
artist in Paris and from his father make him infected syphilis.
Keywords: rebellion. Ghosts.Psychoanalytic Approach
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Derpartment
By
ANANDA DHIRA ANORAGA
A320110085
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
MOTTO
Hai
orang-orang
mukmin,
jikakamumenolong
(agama)
Allah,
niscayaDiaakanmenolongmudanmeneguhkankedudukanmu.
(QS: Muhammad Ayat: 7)
Sesungguhnya Allah memberikan nikmat-Nya kepada hamba-hamba-Nya sesuai
dengan kemampuan-Nya dan mewajibkan mereka bersyukur sesuai dengan
kemampuan mereka.
(Ali bin Abi Tholib)
Will nothing beyond your capacity; there is a wicked falseness who will beyond
their capacity
(Nietzsche)
Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'!
(Audrey Hepburn)
Orang yang melanggar peratu ran disebut sampah tapi Orang yang tidak
memperdul ilikan temannya lebih dari sampah
(theresearcher)
v
DEDICATION
1. Allah SWT, the Supreme Being; Praise to Allah SWT
2. Truly beloved mother and father
3. All my cheerful brothers, sisters’nephews and nieces
4. All my friends
5. To one unnamed; whose name someday shall be named to
dedicates, together with this little work; the whole production of
the writer from the very beginning.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb.
Alkhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to his blessing and
mercies given to the researcher, she can complete her research paper entitledA
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
In conducting this research, the researcher got some helps from many people. On this
best occasion, the researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude and
appreciation to the following people:
1.
Prof. Dr. HarunJokoPrayitno, M. Hum., Dean of Scholl of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2.
MaulyHalwatHikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department Muhammadiyah
University,
3.
Dr. Phil. DewiChandraningrum, M. Ed., the first consultant who has patiently
guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for consultant, and
gave the researcher nice suggestion,
4.
Titissetyabudi, SS ., MA, the second consultant who has been willing to guide,
correct, and encourage her from the beginning of writing until the end of it,
5.
Dra. Dwi Harjanti, M. Hum, as the academic consultant who has given the
researcher guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah University,
6.
All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and
mentor,
7.
His best gratitude for her beloved parents (Bapak Tri Sadono and Ibu Drajat
Prajatmi), thanks for ever over love, prayers, support (moral and material),
motivation, and everything during her life,
8.
His beloved sisters, who have given love, care, prayers, and support. Thanks
for everything,
9.
His big family, who have given care, prayers, and support. Thank you,
vii
10.
His beloved friends aisyah, dini,adit, adam, dito, wahyu, anduk,yeni, evi,
ambar, nisa, arin, dyah,pandu, kepen etc. thank you for your love, spirit,
motivation, suggestion, joke, and everything,
11.
His “sahabatkopma” umbrus, gendon, oli, and sukma. Thank a lot for our
solidarity, spirit, assemble, togetherness, and all of you regard as my brothers
ever.
12.
His friends in English Education Students Organization : thank a lot for many
experience and everything.
13.
Thank you for special person haslinda kusumaningrum, about support, helpful
and everything.
14.
Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the
researcher completing this research,
The researcher considers that this research paper is far from being perfect.
Therefore, suggestion and criticisms are welcome and acceptance. She hopes that this
research paper would be valuable for readers.
Wassalamu’alaikumWr.Wb.
Surakarta, July 18, 2016
The researcher
AnandaDhiraAnoraga
A320110085
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE...................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONIAL ..................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO....................................................................................................................v
DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... ix
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTHER I
: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................1
A. Background of the Study .................................................1
B. Literature Review.............................................................7
C. Problem Statement .........................................................11
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................11
E. Objectives of the Study ..................................................11
F.
Benefit of the Study .......................................................12
G. Research Method............................................................12
H. Paper Organization......................................................... 15
CHAPTER II
: UNDERLYING THEORY ...................................................16
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic Theory ...................................16
B. Structure of Personality ...................................................16
1. The Id ..................................................... ..................17
2. The Ego .....................................................................17
3. Super Ego ..................................................................18
4. Anxiety ......................................................................18
C. Notion of Rebellion.........................................................21
D. Structural Element of Play ..............................................23
E. Theoretical Application...................................................26
CHAPTER III
: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................28
ix
A. Structure Elements ..........................................................28
1. Characters and Characterization ...............................28
2. Setting ...................................................................... 33
a. Setting of Place .................................................. 34
b. Setting of Time .................................................. 34
3. Plot ............................................................................34
a. Exposition ...........................................................35
b. Complication .......................................................35
c. Climax .................................................................36
d. Suspense ..............................................................37
e. Resolution ...........................................................37
f. Conclusion ...........................................................38
4. Point of View ............................................................38
5. Style...........................................................................38
a. Grammatical Structure ........................................39
b. Sentence Construction.........................................39
c. Figurative language .............................................40
d. Symbol ................................................................43
6. Theme........................................................................44
B. Technical Element of Play ..............................................46
a. Miss en Scene ......................................................46
b. Direction..............................................................50
c. Source..................................................................50
d. Color....................................................................50
e. Music ...................................................................51
f. Sound Effect ........................................................51
C. Discussion .......................................................................51
CHAPTER IV
: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ......................................57
A. Oswald Alving’spersonality ............................................57
1. The id .......................................................................57
x
2. The ego .....................................................................59
3. The superego ............................................................60
B. Rebellion Against the State of Osvald ............................61
C. Discussion of the Findings ..............................................64
CHAPTER V
: CONCLUSION, EDUCATIONAL AND SUGGESTION ..69
A. Conclusion.......................................................................69
B. Educational Implication ..................................................70
C. Suggestion .......................................................................71
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
AnandaDhiraAnoraga
Phil. DewiCandraningrum
TitisSetyabudi
English Department, FKIP-UMS
Jl. A. YaniPabelanKartasuraTromolPos 1 Surakarta 57102
Telp.(0271) 717417 Fax. (0271) 715448
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberontakan yang ada
dalam drama Henrik Ibsen yang berjudul Ghosts dengan Pendekatan
Psikoanalitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis drama
berdasarkan Pendekatan Psikoanalitik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian
kualitatif dengan menggunakan drama Henrik Ibsen Ghosts (1881)
sebagai objek. Ada dua jenis sumber data: primer dan sekunder. Sumber
data primer adalah naskah drama Henrik Ibsen Ghosts dan sumber data
sekunder adalah beberapa buku sastra dan beberapa artikel yang
berhubungan dengan drama. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian
ini adalah studi pustaka dengan membaca dan meringkas data. Dalam
menganalisis data, penulis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari
penelitian ini adalah Osvald memiliki kondisi psikologi yang buruk. Hal
ini dibuktikan dengan pemberontakannya yang telah dilakukan. Meskipun
ia tahu bahwa berhubungan seks bebas dan penyalahgunaan obat-obatan
terlarang yang menyebabkan sifilis, tetapi dia masih mencoba untuk
menggunakan itu. pemberontakan lain yang telah Osvald dilakukan
adalah ketika ibunya melarang dia untuk menikah Regina yang
sebenarnya saudara tirinya, Osvald bersikeras untuk menikah Regina
karena dia mencintai Regina dan ia tidak pernah tahu bahwa Regina
adalah saudara tirinya karena ibunya tidak pernah mengatakan kepada
fakta-fakta yang terjadi di antara ayahnya dan ibu Regina. Berdasarkan
analisis di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberontakan Osvald Alving
yang cocok dengan ide utama Henrik Ibsen dilihat oleh pendekatan
psikoanalitik.
Kata kunci: pemberontakan. Ghosts. Pendekatan psikoanalitik.
xii
REBELLION OF OSVALD ALVING REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S
GHOSTS DRAMA (1881): PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
AnandaDhiraAnoraga
Phil. DewiCandraningrum
TitisSetyabudi
English Department, FKIP-UMS
Jl. A. YaniPabelanKartasuraTromolPos 1 Surakarta 57102
Telp.(0271) 717417 Fax. (0271) 715448
ABSTRACT
The problem of this study is How is the rebellion reflected at Henrik Ibsen’s
ghosts drama ?”. The objective of this study to analyze Ghosts based on Structural
analysis and the to analyze Ghosts play based on Psychoanalytic perspective.
The researcheremploys qualitative method. The writer uses two data
sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source is about The primary data
sources is the textplay itself. Then, the secondary data sources are from other
sources such as essay, articles, biography of Henrik Ibsen, Internet and other
relevant information.The method of data collection is library research and the
technique of data collection is descriptive technique.
Based on the anaylisis, the researcher get some conclusions. The study
showsthat the problem faced by the minor character is his own rebellion. Oswald is
presented by Henrik Ibsen, the author of Ghosts .Oswald is from Norway but lives in
Paris. Oswald’s is an artist, becausehe fearing that his exuberance and creativity
would dissipate like that his father, he wanted to leave his home in Norwey and he
wanted to stay in Paris with Regina.The mistake is Oswald’s live as an artist that
caused him trapped in drugs abuse, alcohol, and having free sex.Thejoy of life as an
artist in Paris and from his father make him infected syphilis.
Keywords: rebellion. Ghosts.Psychoanalytic Approach