kinesthetic result in order to decide what the best is for the students. To sum up, the teacher who understands about teaching can create a meaningful teaching
through well-planned activities for his her students.
B. Roles of Teacher
In a teaching process, a teacher still plays some important roles. For most people, a teacher is mostly described as a person who teaches students in
classroom. Students frequently consider their teacher as the source of knowledge since the teacher is older than them. Nowadays, the teacher does not merely give
all knowledge or materials for the students in the classroom, but they are also supposed to become a facilitator or a motivator for their students. According to
Harmer 2001: 57, a teacher is no longer the giver of knowledge, the controller, and the authority, but rather a facilitator and a resource for the students to draw
on. It means that students become the center of teaching process. The students should be able to develop their competence from teacher‟s help, but develop
mostly by their own experiences. In other words, the students should be independent. However, as a facilitator or the resource, the teacher has to be
skillful. It is important for teacher to help the students if they face any difficulties in doing an exercise or understanding the materials. Tylee 1999:48 asserts that
the teacher, who is a variable in the classroom context, is charged with the function of acting as an intermediary between the variables outside the classroom
and the students to assist the students in their learning. Teacher, therefore, have to be able to facilitate students during the process of teaching and learning.
Furthermore, the roles of teacher in teaching learning process in the classroom should be in line with the responsibilities of teacher as an educator.
In a teaching process, the act of communication is built by having a set of planning and structuring learning activities as a fundamental to success in
teaching and learning. The teacher has to prepare what will be done in the classroom. Therefore, an active teacher should vary hisher teaching strategies,
methods, techniques in order to motivate the students in a learning process. It is different from an active teacher; a passive teacher will rely on the same old
teaching strategies, methods, techniques day after day. Ideally, the teacher has to have good planning in creating the teaching process including the materials and
the teaching strategies, methods, techniques. So, the materials are well prepared. Therefore, according to the Law of the National Education System number
20, 2003, a teacher is included as an educator, whose duties are planning and implementing teaching learning process, assessing or evaluating outcomes, and
conducting guidance and trainings. Some experts believe the teacher roles can be seen as follow;
a. A teacher is a `transferor of knowledge to `facilitator Davies Crowther,
1995; b.
A teacher is a `transmitter of knowledge to `coach, `mentor, `manager of the learning Brett, 1996,
c. A teacher is a person who is in charge of the `sage of the stage to `guide on
the side Eastment, 1998; d.
A teacher is an `expert on learning psychology, `technical expert, „motivator‟ Soo Ngeow, 1997;
e. A teacher is someone in charge of `telling to someone in charge of
`facilitating learning Laurillard, 1995 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
A teacher as a „transferor of knowledge‟ to „facilitator‟ Davies Crowther, 1995 means, the act known as powerful and all-knowing character in
the classroom, teacher is then expected to bridge himself herself as a facilitator who helps his her students inside the class. He or she is considered as a person
who has full responsibility for everything that goes on in the class Johnson, Delarche, Marshall, Wurr, Edwards, 1998. As a facilitator, teacher must bring
the students into a successful teaching learning process by providing facilities to discover their own ways of learning and to work independently. Furthermore, the
teacher should also asses the students, plan the learning, implement the plan, and evaluate the process authentic materials and experiences in the classroom. Those
attempts are expected to obtain meaningful learning for the students as well as evocative teaching for the teacher.
Teaching process cannot be far from organizing plan, activities and rhyme of the class Harmer, 2001: 58. A teacher, therefore, has to be able to run hisher
role as planner in the classroom. Planning class activities in the class indicates teacher as professional worker, in which he or she will bring the latest ideas to the
class. By bringing new ideas and activities in the class, heshe would be able to maximize the teaching process. Being a planner therefore requires more attempts
Throop, 2007. He or she must be able to choose materials and or methods, strategies, techniques before the lesson begins. Another example, when students
need to work cooperatively with their friends on a project, they need a person who can manage the activities well. In such situation, they also need manage to
manage the class well. As stated by Brett 1996, a teacher is a transmitter of PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
knowledge to coach, mentor, and manager of the learning, in which as a manager the teacher has a role to organize and manage the classroom environment and
student behavior in a way that will optimize the teaching process. A well-managed classroom will result in a meaningful teaching process for both students and
teacher, in which it has to be carefully established and maintained. A teacher as an educator, therefore, has to maintain his her compassion,
patience and understanding towards the students in order to guide the students to be better learners. The students need to be guided wisely during the process of
learning because they also have need of model to be emulated in the future. A teacher is a person who is in charge of the sage of the stage to guide on the side
Eastment, 1998. Therefore, the teacher‟s role as a person who guides the
students into better learning is emergently needed in order to open the awareness on the importance of meaningful learning. As the consequence, the assistance
from the teacher with full of erudite deed will help the students learn better and be responsible with their actions.
As a teacher that most of the times sees the progress of the students, he or she sometimes finds the students in the state of at the en
d of one‟s rope, feeling so down and moody Xianmei, 2011. She highlights that the teacher will work well
with the entire students when he or she understands the individual. Besides, the teacher should make the students feel the hope of success as well. Therefore, to
overcome what the students feel, one of the teacher‟s roles suggests teacher to carry out his her role as a motivator. He or she has to find ways to motivate the
students to be back in the circle of a confidence learner. The teacher also has to PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
figure out on how to give motivation and spirit to hisher students in order to build students‟ confidence Soo Ngeow, 1997; Richards, 2005. He or she also needs
to improve students‟ confidence and interest in learning and to build a classroom climate that will motivate students. A teacher is supposed not to give a
punishment if hisher students make a mistake in answering or doing an exercise. However, the teacher will continue to support and motivate students to correct or
repair the mistake. Besides, the teacher must be able to build the character of hisher students through a variety of activities that can enhance students‟ creativity
in building self-motivation. He she should always be constructive to adopt innovative teaching strategies by placing the students as the center of learning. It
means that the extent of the material presented does not depend on the teachers and the curriculum but it depends on the students.
To maintain the success of a teaching process in the classroom, the teacher has to empower the students. The act of teacher then tries to take as little control
or direction over the lesson as possible and lets the students make decisions about why they want to learn and how they want to learn it Richards, 2005.
Furthermore, as a part of empowering students, a teacher is also someone in charge of `telling to someone in charge of `facilitating learning Laurillard,
1995. Performing constructive advisory would also uphold the quality of meaningful teaching learning activities, reinforcing the students to be better
learners and leading the students to actualize their competency in the classroom. As a conclusion, the teacher must perform different roles in different time
during the teaching process. He or she has to be able to facilitate the students to a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
meaningful teaching process, for instance, planning classroom activities, managing the class with the certain rules and regulation, and guide them side to
side with the same ease and care. Those acts result in a teacher as a facilitator and motivator who always encourages the students to improve themselves in any
particular activities. A teacher is responsible to help the students in any situation. As a good listener, a teacher should comfort the students with wise words, build
their confident, and make sure that there are lots of things to correct their mistakes. These activities are common actions to motivate the students. In
addition, the teacher should take a minimum direction over the lesson so that the students will be able to explore various experiences. This would be part of
empowering students during a teaching process.
C. Writing
