Data Analysis Procedures

E. Data Analysis Procedures

Data analysis is the last step in the procedure of experiment, in this case, processing the data. Therefore, the data are in quantitative data. The data was analyzed by means of inferential statistics. This statistical analysis was suitable to answer the research problem. In this case, the researcher applied T-Test to examine the students‟ passive voice mastery.

1. Techniques of Data Analysis

In order to analyze the data which had been collected,the researcher would do some procedure below:

Before analyzing data using T-Test, the researcher fulfills the requirements of T-Test. They are Normality test, homogeneity test and hypotheses test.

1. Normality Test It was used to know the normality of the data that is going to be analyzed whether both groups have normal distribution or not. In this research to test the normality the researcher applied SPSS 18.0 program using Kolmogorov Smirnov with level of significance =5%. If significance was higher than α (5%) so the distribution data would be normal. In the contrary, if the result of an asymptotic significance was lower than α (5%), it meant the data would not be normal distribution.

b. Homogeneity Test Homogeneity wasusedto know whether experimental group and control group, that are decided, come from population that has relatively same variant or not. To calculate homogeneity testing, the researcherappliedSPPS 18.0 program used Levene‟s testing with level of significance α (5%).

c. Testing Hypothesis The researcher applied the T-Test statistical to test hypothesis with level of significance 5% T-Test could be applied to test a difference mean or more.

2. Data Analysis procedures

The researcher analyzed the data in two steps; they are individual score and then match t-test. In order to analyze the data which had been collected, the researcher did some procedures below: The researcher analyzed the data in two steps; they are individual score and then match t-test. In order to analyze the data which had been collected, the researcher did some procedures below:

b. The researcher gave score the students test results by used the scoring system. The researcher gaveascore for each item by using theformula:

score acquisition

Score

total score

c. The researcher arranged the obtained score into the distribution of score frequency on table.

d. The researcher calculated mean, median, modus, standard deviation, and standard error from both experiment and control group.

e. The researcher calculated the standard error for the difference mean.

f. The researcher calculated t-test using manual calculation.

To=

Where: T o = value of the mean difference will be judge MD1

= mean of difference of Experiment class MD2

= Mean of difference of control class SE MD1

= standard error of experiment class SE MD2

= standard error of control class If t-test > t table, ha is accepted and Ho is rejected If t-test <t table, Ha is ejected and Ho is accepted.

g. The researcher supported manual calculation using SPSS 18.0 program.

h. The researcher calculated degree of freedom by using the following formula:

df = N1+N2-2

Where: Df = Degree of Freedom N1 = Number of students in Experiment group N2 = Number of students in Control Group

i. The researcher determined the significant of t observed by comparing the t observed and t table . j. The researcher interpreted the result of analyzing. k. The researcherdiscussed to clarify the research findings and concluded

the result of data analysis. The results of data analysis are shown in Chapter IV.