Previous Research Findings LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Create Humor in Modern Family Season 1 . She analyzed the types of maxim flouting and rhetorical devices to create humor in Modern Family Season I. The study applied a descriptive qualitative method. The first finding shows that there are four types of maxim which are flouted for humorous purposes. The most dominant maxim that is flouted is maxim of quality 42 times. Then it is followed by maxim of manner flouting 17 times, maxim of quantity flouting 12 times and maxim of relation flouting 7 times. The second finding shows that there are 12 types of rhetorical devices employed by the characters, i.e. exaggeration, sarcasm, allusion, irony, ridicule, satire, definition, bombast, insult, punword play, facetiousness, and repartee. The second researcher is Septi Dyah Anggraini 2014 who conducted a research entitled A Pragmatic Analysis of Humor in Modern Family Season 4 . She analyzed the maxim that are flouted by the characters to create humor, the forms of humor that are created by maxim flouting in Modern Family Season 4 , and the functions of humor that are created by maxim flouting in Modern Family Season 4 . The research employed the descriptive qualitative method. There are three findings in this research. First, all the four types of maxim flouting are employed by the characters to create humor. Maxim of quality flouting is mostly employed by the characters to create humor. Second, the forms of humor in Modern Family Season 4 are jokes and spontaneous conversational humor. Unintentional humor does not occur because it is not easily found in everyday conversation. In terms of spontaneous conversational humor, there are ten forms that are employed by the characters. They are, irony, sarcasm, overstatement, self-deprecation, teasing, replies to rhetorical question, clever replies to serious statements, and transformations of frozen expressions. Third, all the functions of humor are found in the Modern Family Season 4 , i.e. social management, decommitment, mediation. and defunctionalization. This research is different from those previous researches. First, those two previous researches apply descriptive qualitative research, whereas this research applies mixed method, which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative method. Second, both of the previous researches are analyzing all the characters of Modern Family Season I and 4 . Meanwhile, in this research, the researcher is only focusing on Aladeen, one of the main characters in The Dictator movie. Third, the media where the data are gained are different. Both of the previous researches use sitcom, whereas this research uses a comedy movie entitled The Dictator .

C. Conceptual Framework

Humor is easily found in the daily life. It is reflecte d in people‟s daily conversation. There are others media of humor, i.e. sitcom, stand up comedy, comic strips in newspapers, comedy movie, etc. Among those media of humor, comedy movie is one of popular media of humor. It happens because the theme or the scope that can be discussed is very wide. Thus, this research uses one of comedy movies entitled The Dictator as the object of study. Humor is not only used for entertainment purposes but also as a tool to make a rigid or bad situation better or to deliver opinion softly without disturbing someone‟s feeling. The important role of humor, make it becomes an interesting topic of study. In Linguistics, humor can be analyzed through sociolinguistic, semantic, and pragmatic approaches. Pragmatically, humor is created by breaking Grice‟s Cooperative Principle. In order to make a successful conversation, people must fulfill the four maxims of conversation: quality, quantity, relation and manner. However, to make a humorous expression, people usually break one or more maxims. In this research, this phenomenon is going to be analyzed under Grice‟s Cooperative Principle theory 1975: 45-46 to figure out the maxim flouting to create humor. There are many forms of humor that can be found in the daily life or others media of humor such as sitcom and movie. In this research, the researcher uses Martin‟s theory about forms of humor in his book entitled The Psychology of Humor to analyze the forms of humor that are created by maxim flouting in The Dictator movie. According to Martin 2007: 11-14, there are three forms of humor: jokes, conversational humor, and unintentional humor. Jokes consist of two parts: narrative and punch line. Conversational humor consist of eleven types irony, sarcasm, satire, overstatement and understatement, self-depreciation, teasing, replies to rhetorical questions, clever replies to serious statements, double entendres, transformations of frozen expression, and puns. Unintentional humor consists of two types: accidental physical humor and accidental linguistic humor. In order to get deeper understanding, the researcher also analyzes the functions of humor that are created by maxim flouting in The Dictator movie. Not only for entertainment purposes, humor also has social goals. In this study, the