Review of Related Studies

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

In this chapter, there are three parts: Review of Related Studies, Review of Related Theories, and Theoretical Framework. In the Review of Related Studies, the researcher gives a brief explanation on certain studies that have slightly similar topic with the researcher’s study. In the Review of Related Theories, the researcher pictures on certain theories which are relevant for analyzing the topic of the researcher’s study. In Theoretical Framework, the researcher explains how the theories are applied in the researcher’s study.

A. Review of Related Studies

In analyzing Emily Giffin’s Something Borrowed, the researcher provides some previous studies about personality development and some possible factors involved. There are two undergraduate theses that analyze the main character’s personality development. The first related study is “Factors Influencing of Anne Frank’s Personality Development in the Diary of a Young Girl” from the undergraduate thesis of Sanata Dharma University’s 2005 English Letters by Aris Budi Widodo. The second related study is “A Study on the Factors that Influence Jack’s Personality Development on Emma Donoghue’s Room” taken from undergraduate thesis of Sanata Dharma University’s 2009 English Letters by Etri Selviana. From those undergraduates theses, both of them use factors that influence the main character’s personality development as the topic of their theses. Widodo says in his undergraduate thesis: This study discusses factors influencing the personality development of the main character, Anne Frank in The Dairy of a Young Girl. Anne experiences development in her personality during her hiding in the Secret Annexe. Her personality develops from weak personality to strong personality. Besides, she also gains new personality. Those personality developments are caused by some factors, namely emotions Anne experiences during her hiding under Nazi persecution, her family Mr. Frank, Mrs. Frank, and Margot, and the people outside her family with whom she associates. 2005: xi. Psychology comes as their main approach and theory because they think that psychology is the closest study to analyze the main character’s personality development. Moreover, psychology and literature are two subjects that can be the media to explore human life. Therefore, psychological approach helps the researcher to get a deep analysis on the topic of the study. Selviana in “A Study on the Factors that Influence Jack’s Personality Development on Emma Donoghue’s Room” says: The general meaning of the psychology is the study of human. The study of human can be related to literature. Since the character of the story can represent human, they can be studied through the psychology field. 2009:15. From the previous statement, it is clear that the researcher wants to explain the main character’s personality development that is influenced by several factors. Emotions, family, and society are the factors that influence the main charter’s personality development. It is right that those factors mentioned before have influence on personality development, but the researcher thinks that statement above is too general. Therefore, in this research the researcher wants to acknowledge more about the influence of unconscious mind as the main factor besides the external factors such as family, environment and emotional. In other words the researcher wants to point out how unconscious mind works and influences the main character’s personality development. There is another undergraduate thesis that analyzes Emily Griffin’s Something Borrowed as the object of the study. The undergraduate thesis is entitled “False Feminism on Darcy Rhone and Rachel White in Something Borrowed by Emily Giffin” written by Pingkan Christantina. The researcher uses feminism as the topic of her thesis. Gender social issues come as her main idea. Christantina focuses on false feminism in characters Rachel White and Darcy Rhone. In her thesis, Christantina sees Rachel and Darcy as a portrait of modern woman. She states that although in Something Borrowed the characters of Rachel and Darcy are shown as modern woman nowadays with their modern woman point of view, and self esteem issue which is very common these days it does not mean that Rachel and Darcy are feminist. Christantina states: The issues of feminism on Something Borrowed, a novel by Emily Giffin are false feminism appear feminist from the surface only which appear in modern women nowadays, symbols, modern women point of view, women underestimated woman, and self esteem issue which is very common these days. 2013: 2. Her work discusses the issue of false feminism on Darcy and Rachel. In this research the researcher does not discuss the issue of gender or false feminism that appears in the novel rather discusses on the influence Rachel White’s unconscious mind on her personality development. The researcher focuses more on Rachel’s psychological thought and Rachel’s hidden emotions store under her unconscious mind. Additionally, there is also an undergraduate thesis that analyzes the same topic. Johan Adecandra in “The Influence of Inge’s Unconscious Mind on Her Personality Development in Angelika Fremd’s Heartland” states: The personality development is the changes in personality that can be influenced by the unconscious mind. In other word, it is a process of changes in a character’s way of thinking that influenced by the character’s unconscious mind 2005: ix. Although literary work and theories used are different, the researcher has the same topic with the previous study. It helps the researcher in doing her research, although the researcher and the previous researcher have the same topic about someone’s personality development but they have different perspectives and opinions about it. The researcher thinks that people barely notice that the changes in someone’s personality can be influenced by their hidden feelings or desires that are stored under their unconscious mind. According to Freud, the hidden feelings or desires that store under unconscious mind are called repression. Freud defines: Linked with this is th e idea of repression, which is the ‘forgetting’ or ignoring of unresolved conflicts, un admitteddesires, or traumatic passt events, so that they are forced out of conscious awareness and into the realm of unconscious. Barry, 1995: 96-97. In this research, Rachel’s hidden feelings or untold desires become the object of study. All of Rachel’s hidden feelings that are kept under her unconscious mind are called repression and all of her repressions are manifested into conscious actions. Repression is one of a kind of defense mechanisms. The phenomenon of repression is interesting to be analyzed and to be the subject of the study because the phenomenon of repression has become a part of human lives. The influence of unconscious mind of Rachel’s personality development is the main topic of this research.

B. Review of Related Theories