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C. Research Participants
The participants of this study were 7 Papuan seminarians who attained the age of 20-25 years old. Those Papuan seminarians joined the program “Jayanti
Formative English 2014” at St. Paul House of Spiritual Formation, Nabire. The writer chose Papuan seminarians at St. Paul House of Spiritual Formation because
they came from seven different tribes of Papua such as Maybrat,
Fak Fak,
Walak, Wiagar, Bilai, Mee, and Moni. They also came from some villages of
different regencies of Papua such as Intan Jaya, Deiyai, Wamena, Fak-Fak, and Maybrat regency. In addition, they were chosen because they had learned English
through drama performance in the program “Jayanti Formative English 2014”.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
Since the method used in this research was a basic interpretive qualitative research, the instruments employed in this study were a set of interview lists and
items of questionnaire. De Marrais 2004 as cited in Merriam 2009 defines interview as a process in which a researcher and participants engage in a
conversation about questions related to the research. This interview is helpful to observe behaviors, feelings, or how people interpret the world around them.
Besides, interview is necessary to dig out information about past events which are impossible to replicate. Meanwhile, Wilson and McLean 1994 as cited in Cohen,
Marion and Morrison 2003 said that questionnaire is widely used and useful for collecting survey information, providing structured, often numerical data, being
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able to be administered without the presence of the researcher, and often being comparatively straight forward to analyze p.245.
In order to gather the necessary information about the learning culture of Papuan seminarians, the writer conducted a telephone interview to seven Papuan
seminarians at St. Paul House of Spiritual Formation. Thus, in the interviews the writer asked for about twenty open-ended questions which dealt with the Papuan
seminarians’ personal experiences in learning and their point of view toward learning. The open-ended questions form was used in the interview so that there
would be no predetermined answers that limit the respondents’ responses. Further, the importance of drama performance as instructional technique for the Papuan
seminarians’ English learning was established by using 15 items of questionnaire as the instrument. This questionnaire was in form of close-ended questions.
The writer realized that there were some challenges in interview which was done through telephone. First, telephone interview was expensive. Thus the writer
needed special budget for telephone interview. Secondly, the writer and the participants had different dialects which rendered to the misunderstanding about
the information. Therefore a voice recorder was needed in conducting telephone interview. The voice recorder was very helpful to gather the complete information
from the participants, for instance the information about name of unfamiliar regions in Papua and many others. Third, considering that the participants were
seminarians, the writer needed to think about the appropriate time to contact them. Thus, the writer used to call the participants once in a week in their leisure time,
especially on Monday afternoon.
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Most importantly, considering that this research is a part of qualitative research, it is essential to admit the writer as the major instrument of this research.
As stated by Merriam, 2009, there are four characteristics which become the focus of qualitative research. They are: 1 qualitative research focuses on
meaning and understanding 2 qualitative research places researcher as the primary instrument for data collecting and data analysis 3 the process in
qualitative research is inductive 4 the product of qualitative research is rich of descriptive. Those four characteristics deal with the thoughts, experiences,
knowledge, understandings, and reflectivity to draw meanings which expressed in form of descriptive. Therefore, some findings of this research are strengthened by
the reflections of the writer and Papuan seminarians at St. Paul House of Spiritual Formation during the course “Jayanti Formative English 2014”.
E. Data Analysis Technique
To analyze the data, the writer used the theories written in the previous chapter. The data gathered through interview and questionnaire were compared
and contrasted to the theories in order that the writer gained the result. For instance, the writer compared and contrasted the importance of drama
performance from the questionnaire to the theories about the power of drama in language learning.
In analyzing the data from questionnaire, the writer used Likert scale as the method. Ari, et al. 2010 said that Likert scale method was an appropriate
method to summarize the rating of attitude toward a topic by presenting a set of
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