3.4. Instrument
In this research, the researcher only used a kind of research instrument that was questionnaire. The questionnaire was about the language learning strategies in
reading English. The questionnaires used were close-ended questionnaires that limit the respondent to choose the answer, so the respondents only choose the
answer that is already available Setiyadi, 2006: 54. In accordance with Setiyadi 2011, the questionnaire was given to the students adapte
d from “Language Learning Strategy Questionnaire” LLSQ. The researcher used the LLSQ to find
out students’ learning strategies in reading. It used simple texts and questions in order to make the learners understand the questionnaire easier. In the LLSQ
students were provided with 20 items. There were three kinds of strategies in LLSQ, namely: cognitive strategy, metacognitive strategy, and social strategy.
The following table describes the aspects of learning strategies used by the L2 students based in reading developed by Setiyadi see Appendix 1.
Table 1. Table of Specification of Language Learning Strategies Questionnaire
Aspects of Questionnaire Number of Items
Cognitive strategies 1-11
Metacognitive strategies 12-17
Social strategies 18-20
In the questionnaire, students were given instruction; students were asked to write their response to statements in the LLSQ on the separated answer sheet attached to
the questionnaire. They should write their response 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 that tells how true of me that statement is. The available answers were:
1 means that it is never or almost never true of me; 2 usually not true of me;
3 somewhat true of me; 4 usually true of me;
5 always or almost always true of me Setiyadi, 2011.
This questionnaire was translated into Indonesian in order to facilitate the students in choosing appropriate statements to the student’s ability in reading
comprehension. After that, the researcher used the reading test based on students’
handsbook of curriculum competency based on KTSP. The reading test was given to the students when the questionnaire test had been administered. The time
allocation was 90 minutes. There were 50 items in form of a suitable answer based on the text for any or some questions in reading test. The questions was tried out
in other class outside the sample to get validity and reliability of the test. The kind of reading test used was objective test. There were lists of questions with five
possible answers a., b., c., d., and e. that have to be answered by students in the test to measure students’ reading comprehension.
3.5. Validity and Reliability
3.5.1. Validity 1. Validity of Questionnaire
Validity refers to whether the questionnaire or survey measures what it intends to
measure. While there are very detailed and technical ways of proving validity that
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