Combination Effect of Clove and Cinnamon Oil on in Vitro Rumen Gas and Methane Production
Combination Effect of Clove and Cinnamon Oil on in Vitro
Rumen Gas and Methane Production
M.N. Rofiq1,*, S. Martono1, M. Görgülü2 & M. Boga³
1
Centre for the Agriculture Production Technology,Agency for the Assessment and
Application of Technology (BPPT), MH.Thamrin, Jakarta,10340, Indonesia,
*E-mail: nasir_rofiq@yahoo.com
2
Animal Science Department, Cukurova University, balcali, Adana, 01330, Turkey,
3
Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
Abstract
Clove and cinnamon oils were used for rumen manipulation in ruminant
animal production. Their major component, eugenol and cinnamadehyde were
proved to optimize rumen metabolism and microbial composition. The objective of
this study was to evaluate combination effect of clove and cinnamon oil on rumen
gas and methane production by using an in vitro rumen fermentation system. Three
ruminal cannulated cows were used as donors of ruminal fluid and were individually
penned indoors. The cattle were fed daily total mix ratio (tmr – 60% concentrate
40% alfalfa hay) and had free access to water at all time. Ruminal fluid for in vitro
rumen fermentation system was prepared as in vitro hohenheim gas test method.
The treatments were 1) control, 2) cinnamon oil 300 ppm, 3) clove oil 300 ppm
and 4) combination of clove and cinnamon oil which were assigned in order to
factorial design. The results indicated that insoluble gas fraction (b; 40.8, 46.91,
40.36 and 47.46 ml respectively) and potential of extent of gas production (׀a׀+ b;
43.01, 51.03, 42.96 and 50.45 ml respectively) were significantly different (p < 0.01)
between treatments. Soluble gas fraction (a) and rate of gas production (c) were
not different between treatments. Clove oil, cinnamon oil and their combinations
affected methane production and both essential oil decreased methane production
(18.15 ml/ g dm vs 11.80 ml/ g dm and 11.55 ml/g dm, p0.05).
434
Proceeding of the 2nd International Seminar on Animal Industry | Jakarta, 5-6 July 2012
.
/
.
,.-/
/
.?'>;1A0@6;:
.
./
/
5
/
/
.
/
5 of CO 300 ppm
at asymptote
(b)
had same
value wth
control.
The. gas
volume
.
5 represented the fermentaton
/
/
.
result
mght
ndcated
of .the nsoluble
fracton.
Ths
/
/
.
5 that the addton of
CO at 300 ppm had no negatve effect on dgestblty of nsoluble
<
fracton of TMR, because
at. level
0.25/ ml and
ml
.
0.50
could
nhbt
CMCase,
$ $.8
#4 $
/ CO
/
0
xylanase
and acetylesterase
actvty
(Patra,
The
addton
of CIN
300 ppm
and
$2@5.:2
.
/ 2010).
.
0
/
0
combnaton between
CIN could
nsoluble
ncreased
dgestblty
fracton
of
98
4 $
CO and
$(
at asymptote
TMR due to hgh value of gas
producton
(b) and total gas producton
&8;B2;68?!%6::.9;:&68?
at 96 h after ncubaton. $(92@5.:2>21A0@6;:$ 2160@21/E2=A.@6;:3>;9;4A5:"2@.8
There s no nteracton effect between CO and CIN on gas
).9282@@2>.@@52?.92>;C6:160.@2@;:;16332>2:02/2@@C22:@>2.@92:@'
producton at asymptote (b) value (P >0.05).
The Addton
CIN
300 ppm and combnaton between
CO 300!%
ppm
and2.?21
TMR. Gas producton 24 h after ncubaton ncreased wth the addton of CIN
C6@5@52of
.116@6;:;3!%.:10;9/6:.@6;:&!%C56056@9645@2336062:0E;32:2>4EA?6:43>;9
and combnaton CO-CIN whch t mght effcency of energy usng from TMR.
*$( 116@6;:;3!%
5;36:0A/.@6;:56452>@5.:0;:@>;8 $2:722@.8 ?A442?@21@5.@4.?B;8A92.@
5
Addton of CIN 300 ppm and combnaton CO and CIN had predcted metabolsm
.3@2>6:0A/.@6;:5.?.>28.@6;:?564E6:3221?@A33
energy after 24 h of ncubaton hgher than control. Menke et al (1988) suggested
that gas volume at 24 h after ncubaton has a relatonshp wth metabolzable energy
n feedstuff.
Fgure 1. Cummulatve gas volume estmated by Y = a + b [1-exp( - ct)] throughout 96 hour.
64A>2 A99A8.@6B24.?B;8A922?@69.@21/E+./, 2D;A45;A@5;A>
300 ppm
?A/?@>.@6?*$(.1121C6@5&!%.:16@?0;9/6:.@6;:.@
Rumen Gas and Methane Production
M.N. Rofiq1,*, S. Martono1, M. Görgülü2 & M. Boga³
1
Centre for the Agriculture Production Technology,Agency for the Assessment and
Application of Technology (BPPT), MH.Thamrin, Jakarta,10340, Indonesia,
*E-mail: nasir_rofiq@yahoo.com
2
Animal Science Department, Cukurova University, balcali, Adana, 01330, Turkey,
3
Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
Abstract
Clove and cinnamon oils were used for rumen manipulation in ruminant
animal production. Their major component, eugenol and cinnamadehyde were
proved to optimize rumen metabolism and microbial composition. The objective of
this study was to evaluate combination effect of clove and cinnamon oil on rumen
gas and methane production by using an in vitro rumen fermentation system. Three
ruminal cannulated cows were used as donors of ruminal fluid and were individually
penned indoors. The cattle were fed daily total mix ratio (tmr – 60% concentrate
40% alfalfa hay) and had free access to water at all time. Ruminal fluid for in vitro
rumen fermentation system was prepared as in vitro hohenheim gas test method.
The treatments were 1) control, 2) cinnamon oil 300 ppm, 3) clove oil 300 ppm
and 4) combination of clove and cinnamon oil which were assigned in order to
factorial design. The results indicated that insoluble gas fraction (b; 40.8, 46.91,
40.36 and 47.46 ml respectively) and potential of extent of gas production (׀a׀+ b;
43.01, 51.03, 42.96 and 50.45 ml respectively) were significantly different (p < 0.01)
between treatments. Soluble gas fraction (a) and rate of gas production (c) were
not different between treatments. Clove oil, cinnamon oil and their combinations
affected methane production and both essential oil decreased methane production
(18.15 ml/ g dm vs 11.80 ml/ g dm and 11.55 ml/g dm, p0.05).
434
Proceeding of the 2nd International Seminar on Animal Industry | Jakarta, 5-6 July 2012
.
/
.
,.-/
/
.?'>;1A0@6;:
.
./
/
5
/
/
.
/
5 of CO 300 ppm
at asymptote
(b)
had same
value wth
control.
The. gas
volume
.
5 represented the fermentaton
/
/
.
result
mght
ndcated
of .the nsoluble
fracton.
Ths
/
/
.
5 that the addton of
CO at 300 ppm had no negatve effect on dgestblty of nsoluble
<
fracton of TMR, because
at. level
0.25/ ml and
ml
.
0.50
could
nhbt
CMCase,
$ $.8
#4 $
/ CO
/
0
xylanase
and acetylesterase
actvty
(Patra,
The
addton
of CIN
300 ppm
and
$2@5.:2
.
/ 2010).
.
0
/
0
combnaton between
CIN could
nsoluble
ncreased
dgestblty
fracton
of
98
4 $
CO and
$(
at asymptote
TMR due to hgh value of gas
producton
(b) and total gas producton
&8;B2;68?!%6::.9;:&68?
at 96 h after ncubaton. $(92@5.:2>21A0@6;:$ 2160@21/E2=A.@6;:3>;9;4A5:"2@.8
There s no nteracton effect between CO and CIN on gas
).9282@@2>.@@52?.92>;C6:160.@2@;:;16332>2:02/2@@C22:@>2.@92:@'
producton at asymptote (b) value (P >0.05).
The Addton
CIN
300 ppm and combnaton between
CO 300!%
ppm
and2.?21
TMR. Gas producton 24 h after ncubaton ncreased wth the addton of CIN
C6@5@52of
.116@6;:;3!%.:10;9/6:.@6;:&!%C56056@9645@2336062:0E;32:2>4EA?6:43>;9
and combnaton CO-CIN whch t mght effcency of energy usng from TMR.
*$( 116@6;:;3!%
5;36:0A/.@6;:56452>@5.:0;:@>;8 $2:722@.8 ?A442?@21@5.@4.?B;8A92.@
5
Addton of CIN 300 ppm and combnaton CO and CIN had predcted metabolsm
.3@2>6:0A/.@6;:5.?.>28.@6;:?564E6:3221?@A33
energy after 24 h of ncubaton hgher than control. Menke et al (1988) suggested
that gas volume at 24 h after ncubaton has a relatonshp wth metabolzable energy
n feedstuff.
Fgure 1. Cummulatve gas volume estmated by Y = a + b [1-exp( - ct)] throughout 96 hour.
64A>2 A99A8.@6B24.?B;8A922?@69.@21/E+./, 2D;A45;A@5;A>
300 ppm
?A/?@>.@6?*$(.1121C6@5&!%.:16@?0;9/6:.@6;:.@