Effect of Waste Products on Ruminal Microbe Population and Rumen Charateristics in Vitro
Effect of Waste Products on Ruminal Microbe Population and
Rumen Charateristics in Vitro
R.W.S. Ningrat* & Khasrad
Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang
*e-mail: r.ningrat@faterna.unand.ac.id
Abstract
Certain tropical plants may have a nutritional value beyond simply their
nutrient content, i.e. as rumen-manipulating agents that can be used as an
alternative mean to solve problems in animal nutrition and livestock production
in Indonesia. The objective of the present study was to measure the nutrient and
phytochemical contents, and their effects on rumen microbial population and
rumen fluid characteristics in vitro, of different parts of Uncaria gambir leaves and
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L). Determination of nutrient content according to AOAC
procedures (1995), fiber fractions (NDF and ADF) according to van Soest et al.
(1991), phytochemical (alkaloid, phenol, terpenoid, saponin and tannin) content
qualitatively and the effect of plant fractions on rumen microbial fermentation were
evaluated in in vitro batch culture of rumen fluid. Parameters observed were total
rumen ciliate population, total bacteria, cellulolyt ic bacteria, total VFA, ammonia N
concentration, and pH. There was no significant effect (P>0.1) of phenolic and tannin
present in Uncaria gambir on total microbial population, although the presence of
saponin indicated a tendency to reduce the number of protozoa. However, it gave a
significant effect (P
Rumen Charateristics in Vitro
R.W.S. Ningrat* & Khasrad
Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang
*e-mail: r.ningrat@faterna.unand.ac.id
Abstract
Certain tropical plants may have a nutritional value beyond simply their
nutrient content, i.e. as rumen-manipulating agents that can be used as an
alternative mean to solve problems in animal nutrition and livestock production
in Indonesia. The objective of the present study was to measure the nutrient and
phytochemical contents, and their effects on rumen microbial population and
rumen fluid characteristics in vitro, of different parts of Uncaria gambir leaves and
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L). Determination of nutrient content according to AOAC
procedures (1995), fiber fractions (NDF and ADF) according to van Soest et al.
(1991), phytochemical (alkaloid, phenol, terpenoid, saponin and tannin) content
qualitatively and the effect of plant fractions on rumen microbial fermentation were
evaluated in in vitro batch culture of rumen fluid. Parameters observed were total
rumen ciliate population, total bacteria, cellulolyt ic bacteria, total VFA, ammonia N
concentration, and pH. There was no significant effect (P>0.1) of phenolic and tannin
present in Uncaria gambir on total microbial population, although the presence of
saponin indicated a tendency to reduce the number of protozoa. However, it gave a
significant effect (P