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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the description of the research method used in this study. It consists of research design, place and time of the research, population
and sample, research instrument, data and source of data, techniques of collecting data, and techniques of data analysis.
H. Research Design
The research design of this study is categorized as an experimental research about using clustering technique in teaching writing of narrative text at
SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat. An experimental study focuses on treatment and outcome. According to Donald Ary this research involves a study of the effect of the
systematic manipulation of one variable and another variable. The manipulated variable called the experimental treatment or the independent variable. The
observed and measured variable is called the dependent variable.
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This study may also include two classes of 10
th
grade students they are X-1 and X-2 of SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat. As the context in which the experiment is conducted. The two
classes were handled by different English teachers but have own similar educational background.
This study expected to give the visible image of teaching English such as, 1 The implementation of using clustering technique in teaching writing of
narrative text applied by the English teacher in the classroom, 2 The students’ average improvement after using clustering technique in learning writing of
narrative text.
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Donald Ary, et. al., Introduction to Research in Education, Belmont: Harcourt Brace Publishers, 1996, p. 24
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I. Place and Time of the Research
This study conducted at tenth grade students of SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat which is located on Jl. Pendidikan No. 30 Ciputat.
The writer has already done the research in limited time is that from January 13, 2010 up to February 25, 2010.
J. Population and Sample
In this research, the writer took the population of the first year students of SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat. The total population is about 80 students from two
classes. The experiment was done in 2 classes X-1 and X-2, 80 students were taken from both classes as population and 20 students out of each class
experiment class and control class through random sampling as a sample of this study.
K. Research Instrument
