47 percentage on SPSS 16 for windows obtained that D 40 = .133, p .05 and D 40 =
.129, p .05, were both normal. The numbers in bracket are the degrees of freedom df from the table. The table of the normal distribution test result can be seen at the
appendix F.
4.2.2.2 The Homogeneity of Variance Test
Levene Statistics in SPSS 16 for windows was used to calculate the variance homogeneity of the experimental and the control group pretest score. Levene’s test
can be denoted by the letter F and there are two different degrees of freedom. From the calculation of Levene test, it can be seen that the variances are equal, F1, 78 =
.032. The value of F is higher than the level of significance 0.858 0.05. In other words, the null hypothesis of the pretest score is accepted because the variances of
pretest scores in both groups are equal. The table of the homogeneity of variance test result can be seen at the appendix F.
4.2.2.3 The Independent
t-test
The independent t-test was conducted to see whether there is significant difference between the experimental and control groups’ scores on pretest. The result of the
independent t-test on pretest score indicated that on average, control group students had a better reading score M = 48.5, SE = 1.468 than the experimental students M =
48 47.8, SE = 1.501. However this difference was not significant because t 78 = -
3.33, p .05. In addition, two-tailed value of p is 0.74, which is greater that 0.05. Therefore it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the mean
for the experimental and the control group. The table of the independent test on pretest score result is provided at the appendix F.
4.2.3 The Post-test Score Analysis
The following data were obtained from the posttest that was held after conducting several sessions of treatment.
Table 4.6 The Posttest Scores
Group N
Mean Std. Deviation
Experimental 40
76.0 7.07
Control Group 40
60.5 8.31
The table shows that the mean for the experimental group is 76.0, while the mean for the control group is 60.5. From the table, it can be seen that the means from
both experimental and control groups pretest is rather different. However, to prove
