Perapisan Beberapa Galur Kedelai (Glycine Max L. Merr) Toleran Cekaman Alumunium Dan Kekeringan Serta Tanggap Terhadap Mirkoriza Verkular Arbuskular
Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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ABSTRAK
CHAIRANI RANUM. Penapisan Beberapa Galur Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.)
Toleran Cekaman Aluminium dan Kekeringan serta Tanggap terhadap Mikoriza
VesikuIar Arbuskular. Di bawah bimbingan WAHJU QAMARA MUGNISJAH
sebagai ketua, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, DIDY SOPANDIE, KOMARUDDIN IDRIS,
dan ASMARLAILI SAHAR HANAFIAH sebagai anggota.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menyeleksi kedelai yang toleran terhadap
cekaman AI dan kekeringan serta tanggapnya terhadap pemberian mikoriza vesikular
arbuskular (MYA), yang bertempat di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian
Bogor, mulai bulan Februari 2003 sampai Februari 2004.
Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak Iengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari
tiga percobaan, yaitu (I) uji hayati akar, (2) evaluasi kedelai toleran dan peka
cekaman AI dan kekeringan, dan (3) tanggap kedelai toleran dan peka terhadap
inokulasi MYA.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa genotipe yang toleran cekaman
ganda Al dan kekeringan adalah Moket, Malabar, Wilis, Sindoro, B.3799, dan
Slamet, sedangkan genotipe Dieng, Sinyonya, 8.3780, Sicinang, B.3578, Ceneng,
Epyek, MLG.3072, dan Tidar termasuk yang peka.
Peningkatan toleransi kedelai terhadap cekaman Al dan kekeringan sejalan
dengan peningkatan panjang akar, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk, peningkatan
prolina daun, serta perbaikan status hara N, P, dan Ca. Pertumbuhan tajuk Wilis dan
Sinyonya mampu beradaptasi dengan cekamankekeringan, akan tetapi tidak satupun
dari enam genotipe yang mampu beradaptasi terhadap cekaman Al dan cekaman
ganda Al dan kekeringan. Perakaran Wilis, Sinyonya dan Lumut mampu beradaptasi
dengan cekaman kekeringan, tetapi hanya Wilis yang mampu beradaptasi dengan
cekaman AI,dan cekaman ganda Al dan kekeringan. Terdapat hanya satu dari tiga
genotipe yang toleran hasil uji hayati akar yaitu Wilis yang konsisten toleran pada
evaluasi di rumah kaca.
Simbiosis dengan MYA meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi tanaman
terhadap cekaman Al dan kekeringan yang ditunjukkan oleh semakin meningkatnya
bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk, kandungan hara N, P, dan Ca, dan serapan P,
tetapi tidak meningkatkan produksi biji kering. Peranan MYA dalam meningkatkan
adaptasi lebih besar pada perlakuan cekaman AI berat (indeks kejenuhan Al 75%) dan .
kekeringan (kadar air tanah 40% KL). Wilis memiliki adaptasi yang tinggi terhadap
cekaman AI dan kekeringan serta tanggap yang Iebih baik terhadap MYA jika
dibandingkan dengan genotipe Iainnya.
Kala kunci: kedelai, toleran, AI, kekeringan, MVA
Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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ABSTRACT
CHAIRANI HANUM. Screening of Soybean Genotypes Tolerance to Aluminum
Toxicity and Drought Stress, and Their Responses to Vesicular-Arbuscular
Mycorrhizal Fungi. Under supervision ofWAlUU QAMARA MUGNISJAH as the
chairman, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, OlDY SOPANDIE, KOMARUDDIN IDRIS, and
ASMARLAILI SAHAR HANAFIAH as members of the advisory committee.
Study was conducted at Cikabayan Experimental Station of Bogor
Agricultural University from February 2003 to February 2004. The objective of the
study were to screen soybean genotypes tolerance to AI toxicity and drought stress,
and explore its responses to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. Three
studies, namely 1) root bio-assay, 2) evaluation of soybean genotypes tolerance to AI
toxicity and drought stress, and 3) testing of soybean responses to VAM fungi
inoculation, were conducted and arranged on randomized complete design.
Results of the study show that Moket, B.3799, Malabar, Wilis, Sindoro, and
Siamet were classified as tolerant genotypes, while Dieng, Sinyonya, B.3780,
Sicinang; B.3578, Ceneng, Epyek, MLG.30n, and Tidar were susceptible to Al
toxicity and drought stress.
Increasing of soybean tolerance to AI toxicity and drought stress were
characterized by increasing of root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, proline
level, and N, P, and Ca status of plant tissue. The response of shoot growth indicates
that Wilis and Sinyonya were adaptive to AI and drought stresses. but none of six
genotype was adaptive to AI and drought stresses. The roots of Wilis, Sinyonya, and
Lumut were able to growth on drought stresses condition, however, only Wilis which
was also adaptive to single AI, and double AI and drought stress condition. According
to root bioassay on green house only Wilis of those three genotypes which was
consistenly performing tolerant response.
Symbioses of soybean with VAM fungi increased soybean adaptability to Al
toxicity and drought stress as shown by increasing level of root dry-weight, N, P, and
Ca status, and P uptake, but did not increase yield. The greatest effect of VAM
occurred at the heavy stress of 75% AI saturation index and soil water content of 40%
field capacity. Wilis was the most adapted genotype to Al toxicity and drought stress,
and the most responses genotype to VAM fungi among soybean genotypes tested.
Key words: Soybean, tolerance, AI, drought, VAM
Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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ABSTRAK
CHAIRANI RANUM. Penapisan Beberapa Galur Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.)
Toleran Cekaman Aluminium dan Kekeringan serta Tanggap terhadap Mikoriza
VesikuIar Arbuskular. Di bawah bimbingan WAHJU QAMARA MUGNISJAH
sebagai ketua, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, DIDY SOPANDIE, KOMARUDDIN IDRIS,
dan ASMARLAILI SAHAR HANAFIAH sebagai anggota.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menyeleksi kedelai yang toleran terhadap
cekaman AI dan kekeringan serta tanggapnya terhadap pemberian mikoriza vesikular
arbuskular (MYA), yang bertempat di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian
Bogor, mulai bulan Februari 2003 sampai Februari 2004.
Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak Iengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari
tiga percobaan, yaitu (I) uji hayati akar, (2) evaluasi kedelai toleran dan peka
cekaman AI dan kekeringan, dan (3) tanggap kedelai toleran dan peka terhadap
inokulasi MYA.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa genotipe yang toleran cekaman
ganda Al dan kekeringan adalah Moket, Malabar, Wilis, Sindoro, B.3799, dan
Slamet, sedangkan genotipe Dieng, Sinyonya, 8.3780, Sicinang, B.3578, Ceneng,
Epyek, MLG.3072, dan Tidar termasuk yang peka.
Peningkatan toleransi kedelai terhadap cekaman Al dan kekeringan sejalan
dengan peningkatan panjang akar, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk, peningkatan
prolina daun, serta perbaikan status hara N, P, dan Ca. Pertumbuhan tajuk Wilis dan
Sinyonya mampu beradaptasi dengan cekamankekeringan, akan tetapi tidak satupun
dari enam genotipe yang mampu beradaptasi terhadap cekaman Al dan cekaman
ganda Al dan kekeringan. Perakaran Wilis, Sinyonya dan Lumut mampu beradaptasi
dengan cekaman kekeringan, tetapi hanya Wilis yang mampu beradaptasi dengan
cekaman AI,dan cekaman ganda Al dan kekeringan. Terdapat hanya satu dari tiga
genotipe yang toleran hasil uji hayati akar yaitu Wilis yang konsisten toleran pada
evaluasi di rumah kaca.
Simbiosis dengan MYA meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi tanaman
terhadap cekaman Al dan kekeringan yang ditunjukkan oleh semakin meningkatnya
bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk, kandungan hara N, P, dan Ca, dan serapan P,
tetapi tidak meningkatkan produksi biji kering. Peranan MYA dalam meningkatkan
adaptasi lebih besar pada perlakuan cekaman AI berat (indeks kejenuhan Al 75%) dan .
kekeringan (kadar air tanah 40% KL). Wilis memiliki adaptasi yang tinggi terhadap
cekaman AI dan kekeringan serta tanggap yang Iebih baik terhadap MYA jika
dibandingkan dengan genotipe Iainnya.
Kala kunci: kedelai, toleran, AI, kekeringan, MVA
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ABSTRACT
CHAIRANI HANUM. Screening of Soybean Genotypes Tolerance to Aluminum
Toxicity and Drought Stress, and Their Responses to Vesicular-Arbuscular
Mycorrhizal Fungi. Under supervision ofWAlUU QAMARA MUGNISJAH as the
chairman, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, OlDY SOPANDIE, KOMARUDDIN IDRIS, and
ASMARLAILI SAHAR HANAFIAH as members of the advisory committee.
Study was conducted at Cikabayan Experimental Station of Bogor
Agricultural University from February 2003 to February 2004. The objective of the
study were to screen soybean genotypes tolerance to AI toxicity and drought stress,
and explore its responses to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. Three
studies, namely 1) root bio-assay, 2) evaluation of soybean genotypes tolerance to AI
toxicity and drought stress, and 3) testing of soybean responses to VAM fungi
inoculation, were conducted and arranged on randomized complete design.
Results of the study show that Moket, B.3799, Malabar, Wilis, Sindoro, and
Siamet were classified as tolerant genotypes, while Dieng, Sinyonya, B.3780,
Sicinang; B.3578, Ceneng, Epyek, MLG.30n, and Tidar were susceptible to Al
toxicity and drought stress.
Increasing of soybean tolerance to AI toxicity and drought stress were
characterized by increasing of root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, proline
level, and N, P, and Ca status of plant tissue. The response of shoot growth indicates
that Wilis and Sinyonya were adaptive to AI and drought stresses. but none of six
genotype was adaptive to AI and drought stresses. The roots of Wilis, Sinyonya, and
Lumut were able to growth on drought stresses condition, however, only Wilis which
was also adaptive to single AI, and double AI and drought stress condition. According
to root bioassay on green house only Wilis of those three genotypes which was
consistenly performing tolerant response.
Symbioses of soybean with VAM fungi increased soybean adaptability to Al
toxicity and drought stress as shown by increasing level of root dry-weight, N, P, and
Ca status, and P uptake, but did not increase yield. The greatest effect of VAM
occurred at the heavy stress of 75% AI saturation index and soil water content of 40%
field capacity. Wilis was the most adapted genotype to Al toxicity and drought stress,
and the most responses genotype to VAM fungi among soybean genotypes tested.
Key words: Soybean, tolerance, AI, drought, VAM
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Chairani Hanum : perapisan beberapa galur kedelai (glycine max L. Merr) toleran cekaman..., 2004.
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USU e-Repository © 2008
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