B. About the APINDOs Business Competitiveness
Survey
The APINDOs business competitiveness survey is conducted in two simultaneously
ways: face-to-face interview and online survey. The survey managed to get 106
respondents that are located in 4 major business districts in Indonesia, namely:
Medan, Greater Jakarta Jabodetabek, Semarang, and Surabaya. Most of the
respondents are the key industry players that operate almost in all regions in
Indonesia, from Sumatera to Papua. Therefore, this survey is arguably
representative enough to sort of peeling out major problems impeding business growth
and to having overall view about the recent business competitiveness in relative with
other major competitors of Indonesia, especially in major developing Asia
countries. Apart from the general questions asking
about major impediments to business, one of the major features of this survey is that it
asked the respondents to score out Indonesias competitiveness level as
compared to other developing Asia countries as our proxy of Indonesias major
competitors. The argument is that competitiveness should not be measured in
an absolute-independent term, but it should also be measured in a relative to other
countries: how good Indonesia is comparing to other comparable countries.
To get a sense of how to improving business competitiveness
and invite export-oriented irm to invest and produce in Indonesia, we have to know deeper
about Indonesias relative strengths and w e a k n e s s e s a s c o m p a r e d t o o t h e r
competitors, so that we can have a more solid evidence on what should be in the policy
prioritization for improvement.
Other major feature of this survey is that it contains special focus to employment policy,
logistics, and infrastructure situation in Indonesia, and to some extent also a closer
look at the regional level. The argument of having these special focuses is that these are
the elements that score rather poorly in s eve ra l gl o b a l s u r vey, e . g . G l o b a l
Competitiveness Index GCI, Enabling Trade Index, Doing Business, etc. For
instance, Indonesias labor market ef iciency ranks very poorly in the GCI 2014-
th
2015 that is 110 out of 144 countries WEF 2014. Indonesia, though improving, still
ranks below Malaysia and Thailand in Ease of Doing Business Index, in term of “trading
across border”, which implies the need for further boosting up trade logistics and
infrastructure development in Indonesia. This study wants to dig and evaluate these
problems deeper by inding more profound evidence and putting more local context to it,
where possible. The survey was conducted from October to
November 2014; the highly political period yet at the same time the period where
business expectation is among the highest as compared to other period. The survey is
done within this period in a hope that respondents will have greater willingness to
ill in the questionnaire, noting that this is the right moment to communicate a policy
change to the newly elect government, at the time where the political capital is still high.
An appendix is devoted to explain more about the distribution of the survey
re s p o n d e n t s a n d s t r u c t u re o f t h e questionnaire.
5
STRENGTHENING BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS FOR
A PROSPEROUS INDONESIA
C. I n d o n e s i a s B u s i n e s s Environment 2014