KESIMPULAN Pengaruh lobi Muslim Council of Britain sebagai interest group
66
Timur Tengah atau Negara – Negara eksportir minyak dan urgensi untuk
menangkap surplus likuiditas tersebut. Dengan mengijinkan operasional Perbankan Islam di United Kingdom,
Pemerintah dapat menjatuhkan dua burung dengan satu batu. Pertama, Financial exclusion
yang melanda beberapa lapisan masyarakat di United Kingdom –
khususnya Masyarakat Muslim – beserta akibatnya dapat dicegah dan dibendung.
Hal tersebut dapat membuat daya beli masyarakat bertambah dan memperbaiki pertumbuhan sektor riil di United Kingdom dengan berkurangnya tingkat
kemiskinan dan bertambahnya perputaran arus modal dalam ranah domestik. Dalam ranah politik, penanggulangan financial exclusion dapat mencegah
terjadinya praktek perbankan ilegal yang membahayakan rakyat dan Negara, terlebih jika beberapa dari praktek perbankan ilegal tersebut mempunyai afiliasi
dengan kegiatan pendanaan organisasi ekstremis maupun teroris. Kedua, dengan mengijinkan operasional Perbankan Islam, London
– sebagai salah satu pasar internasional terbesar di dunia
– dapat meningkatkan kesempatan untuk menjaring surplus likuiditas Timur Tengah atau Negara
– Negara eksportir minyak yang berupa investasi maupun transaksi impor mengingat preferensi Negara
– Negara regional Timur Tengah untuk bertransaksi dalam lingkup syariah. Hal tersebut
sangat bermanfaat bagi United Kingdom karena aliran dana petrodollar recycling tersebut dapat dipergunakan kembali untuk menambal defisit neraca pembayaran
konsumsi minyak dan sisanya dapat dipergunakan untuk pembelian minyak tambahan maupun Sumber Daya Alam lain dengan bertambahnya kebutuhan
Negara akan hal – hal tersebut.
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Dalam ranah orientasi, program ekonomi pemerintah yang berkutat pada pertumbuhan sektor riil sangat compatible dengan orientasi Perbankan Islam yang
memang menekankan pada pertumbuhan sektor riil dengan sistemnya yang meniadakan spekulasi dan memperkecil resiko. Etika tersebut selain dapat menjadi
penyeimbang bagi kekurangan – kekurangan yang terdapat pada sistem perbankan
konvensional, juga dapat menyediakan ragam baru layanan keuangan bagi publik dalam bisnis perbankan.
Hari ini Perbankan Islam memang masih menjumpai banyak kendala dan hambatan dalam perkembangannya seperti islamophobia dan kemampuan adaptasi
dengan dinamika ekonomi internasional yang dibutuhkan agar menumbuhkan awareness
positif dan tidak menuai reaksi negatif dalam lingkungan sistem politik. Menurut penulis, formulasi kebijakan yang tepat terkait hambatan
– hambatan tersebut dapat menjadi faktor utama bagi perkembangan Perbankan Islam di dunia
Barat kedepannya.
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ALASAN UNITED KINGDOM MENGIJINKAN OPERASIONAL ISLAMIC
BANKING ERA KEPEMIMPINAN TONY BLAIR JAVIER ASHAR
20120510441
Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
azharjaviergmail.com
Abstract
Being the first Islamic Bank authorized by Financial Services Authority FSA in 2004, Islamic Bank of Britain IBB is one important benchmark of the Islamic economic system’s
first growth outside the Middle East region or Islamic states. Since then, United Kingdom experienced various significant developments in economic environtment such as the decrease
in inflation, the decrease in unemployment rate and the inflow of various form of investments from Middle East and Islamic states. This phenomenon is rather unique because United
Kingdom is not principally practicing Islamic economic system and instead, practicing Liberal-Capitalist economic system which has very opposite view compared to the Islamic one.
This research employs a qualitative method using secondary datas scientific books, journals, articles, quotes from research result, mass media, social media, and other documents needed
in it’s process to identify any factors causing United Kingdom in the era of Tony Blair to give permission on the operational of Islamic Bank of Britain as the first Islamic bank in United
Kingdom. This research showed that there is an influence from the pressure of Muslim society to establish an Islamic bank that can accommodate their needs for financial services without
having to sacrifice their beliefs. On the other hand, a surplus in liquidity in the Middle East region and oil-exporting countries that must be captured at the time provided a major support
for the government to execute the policy of authorizing Islamic banking operations in the United Kingdom.
Keywords: Islamic banks, United Kingdom, pressure, the Muslim community, surplus liquidity
2