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II. Situation Analysis
a. Macro Economic Situation
The economic condition of a country would certainly have an impact on the level of populations’ health. When the economic growth improved, the health status of its people should also be
improved. Economic growth rate in Indonesia since 2002 until 2008 showed an increase of 300, while the population growth rate per year was on average 1.33. GDP per capita also showed an
increase of about 17-20 per year. Increased economic growth will improve country financing in the health sector. The National Health
Accounts NHA estimates the total expenditure on health in Indonesia in many years has been amounted to 2 of the GDP in average, relatively low as compared to other neighboring countries.
Government contribution for health is significant. Data from the Ministry of Health shows an increase on health budget allocation from 2006 to 2008, i.e. from 12.3 trillion Rupiah to 15.9 trillion
Rupiah, however it is much lower than increased GDP table 1.
Table 1.
Socioeconomic Indicator, 2006-2008
Indicator 2006
2007 2008
Number of Population 000 222,746,900
224,652,000 228,523,300
GDP Billion Rupiah 3,339,216.8
3,949,321.4 4,954,028.2
GDP per capita 14,991.08
17,579.73 21,678.44
Ministry of Health expenditures Rupiah
12.3 trillion 15.5 trillion
15.9 trillion
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There are many sources involved in providing immunization pogram activities. The central government contribution has increased from 324 billion rupiah in 2007 to 455 billion rupiah in
2008. Donors are also contributed to the EPI program activites, such as GAVI and other donors and international NGOs including PATH, WHO, Unicef. In 2009, donors contribution significantly
decreased to 3.3 while central government budget was sharply increased. However, sustainability of the program funding remain a challenge, efforts to achieve EPI target 2014 need additional
resources as well as local government’s strong commitment.
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b. Decentralization
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