A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT NON FORMAL EDUCATION KEJAR PAKET C IN PKBM MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses some topics related to the background of the study,
statements of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope
and limitation, and the definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
English is an International language. It has an important role in delivering
information, especially in the global era. Currently, science and technology
develop very quickly. English can help bridge communication barriers accross
culture (Sonia, 2014). English proficiency helps Indonesian to get an easy access
to Western technology and science. Besides, English also means of
communication or interaction since English as a lingua franca for many countries
in the world. Harmer (2002) states that “Although English is not the language
with the largest number of native or „first’ language speaker, it has become a
lingua franca”. Moreover, English has opened up avenues for may areas such as
means of communication, medicine, agro-business, science, technology, international
businesses, trade, shipping, aviation, sports, research, books, diplomacy, and so on
(Sonia,2014). In Indonesia, English is as foreign language. English becomes
compulsory subject at the junior and senior high schools and also university level.
It is included in curriculum as a compulsory subject to learn.
Teaching English includes teaching language skills and language
components. Language skills are reading, speaking, writing and listening.
Language components are pronunciation, structure, and vocabulary. Here, the
researcher focuses her discussion on vocabulary as one of the language
components. According to Harmer (2002), “Vocabulary teaching has not always
been very responsive to such problem, and teacher have not fully recognised the
tremendous communicative advantage in developing an extensive vocabulary”.
Furthermore, mastering the vocabulary has important role in English learning.
When the learner learns it more either actively or passsively, they will learn
easily.
Basically, teaching English is not the simple thing. It is not easy for
Indonesia students to learn and understand English quickly, because English is not
their first language. In English teaching, the teacher has to be creative to make
students interested in learning English. Teacher should be smart in choosing
suitable teaching techniques that are effective for learners. By choosing suitable
teaching techniques, it will help the learners understand and comprehend the
materials easily.
In relation to the technique of teaching English vocabulary, there have
been some previous researches conducted. Syah (2013) who conducted research
about techiques of teaching vocabulary at SMPN 1 Randuagung Lumajang found
that the teacher used all kind of techniques of teaching vocabulary. There were ;
1) Visual, 2) Mime and gesture, 3) Use of illustrative situation, 3) Use of
synonym and definition, 4) Contrast and opposite, 5) Scale, 6) Example of the
type, 7) Translation, 8) Asking others, 9) Using a dictionary and 10) Contextual
guesswork. Besides, Normalasari (2013) who conducted research about
vocabulary teaching techniques used by the first grade English teacher at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau found that the teacher used five techniques in teaching
vocabulary. There were ; 1) Visual, 2) Opposite, 3) Translation, 4) Asking others
and 5) Using dictionary.
Based on the previous studies that the researchers conducted at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang and SMPN 1 Randuagung Lumajang, mostly the
techniques in teaching English vocabulary were considered as the effective
techniques in formal education. However, in this study the researcher wants to
analyze the implementation of those technique in non formal education Kejar
Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung since the students have less time
for learning process, lack of vocabulary and poor in English communication.
Moreover, the students at non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung are not only the people who failed in national examination
and dropped out from school but also people who cannot join in formal education
which has old age. In addition, basically the competencies at non formal education
that being accepted are similar with formal education, but the advantage at non
formal education the students also trained mastering an enterpreneur.
One of Non Formal Education is Kejar Paket C program that is equal to
Senior High School, and it is for the people who cannot join in formal education (
Government Rule No.73/1991/ about non formal education).
From the statements, the researcher is interested in studying the techniques
used in teaching English vocabulary at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in
PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung.
1.2 Statements of the Problem
Based on the background of the study stated above, the problems are
formulated as follows:
1. What techniques are used by the teacher to teach English vocabulary at
Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung?
2. What are the difficulties faced by the teacher in implementing the
techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung?
3. How does the teacher cope the difficulties of implementing the techniques
at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Concerning with the problems above, the purposes of this study are:
1. To investigate what techniques are used by the teacher to teach English
vocabulary at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
2. To find out the difficulties faced by the teacher in implementing the
techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar PaketC in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
3. To explore how the teacher cope the difficulties of implementing the
techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The result of this study is expected to be useful for English teacher, the
English department students, and the next researcher. For the English teacher, it is
expected that the result of this study will give contribution to the English teacher
about the technique applied in teaching vocabulary for non formal education
students at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung. For English department students, the result of the study can be
useful for them to know how techniques of teaching vocabulary. For the next
researchers, the result of this study is expected to be used as one of references if
they are interested in conducting similar study.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
Based on the preceding statements of the problem, the researcher consider
making the scope and limitation of this research. The scope of this research
focused on vocabulary teaching techniques used by English teacher at non formal
education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung. Because of the
researcher’s knowledge, time and energy were limited, this research was limited
to the English teacher of non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
1.6 Definition of Key Term
Before discussing further, it is necessary to clarify the meaning of the key
terms to avoid misunderstanding. Those key terms are defined as follows:
1. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do
something, giving instruction, guiding in the study of something,
providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand
(Brown:2000)
2. Technique is any wide variety of exercise, activities or tasks used in
language classroom for realizing lesson objective (Brown:2000).
3. Vocabulary is an important ingredient of language and vocabulary
learning is an
essential
part
of foreign
language
learning
(Jafarigohar:2013).
4. Non Formal Education is an education program that is administrated at
non formal education either institutionalized or not (Acts of National
Education No 20/2003 about non formal education).
5. Kejar Paket C is one of the educational programs of non formal
education that is equal to senior high school, and it is for the people
who cannot attend formal education (Gorvernment Rule No. 73/1991/
about non formal education).
A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT
NON FORMAL EDUCATION KEJAR PAKET C IN PKBM
MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
THESIS
By:
LUKEN YANUAR KUSUMA RINI
201110100311060
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT
NON FORMAL EDUCATION KEJAR PAKET C IN PKBM
MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
LUKEN YANUAR KUSUMA RINI
201110100311060
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL ................................................................................................... i
LEGALIZATION .......................................................................................... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION...................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................ v
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. vii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study ...................................................................... 1
1.2 Statements of Problem ................................................................... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ...................................................................... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ................................................................ 5
1.5 Scope and Limitation ..................................................................... 5
1.6 Definition of Key Term .................................................................. 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Teaching English as Foreign Language ........................................ 7
2.2 Teaching Vocabulary ..................................................................... 8
2.3 Techniques of Teaching Vocabulary ............................................ 9
2.3.1 Techniques of Teacher-Centered Activities .............................. 10
2.3.1.1 Visual Techniques ............................................................ 10
2.3.1.2 Verbal Techniques ............................................................. 11
2.3.1.3 Translation Technique ...................................................... 13
2.3.2 Techniques of Student-Centered Activities .............................. 13
2.3.2.1 Asking Others ..................................................................... 14
2.3.2.2 Using Dictionary ................................................................ 14
2.3.2.3 Contextual Guesswork ...................................................... 14
2.4 Non Formal Education ................................................................... 15
2.4.1 Characteristics of Non Formal Education ............................ 15
2.4.2 The Programs of Non Formal Education .............................. 16
2.4.3 Education of Equivalent.......................................................... 18
2.4.3.1 Kejar Paket A and B........................................................... 18
2.4.3.2 Kejar Paket C ..................................................................... 19
2.4.3.2.1 Teaching English to Kejar Paket C ........................... 19
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design .............................................................................. 21
3.2 Subject of the Study........................................................................ 21
3.3 Research Instruments .................................................................... 22
3.3.1 Documents ................................................................................. 22
3.3.2 Observation ............................................................................... 22
3.3.3 Interview .................................................................................... 24
3.4 Data Collection................................................................................ 24
3.5 Data Analysis .................................................................................. 26
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Findings ...........................................................................................
27
4.1.1 The Teacher’s Techniques In Teaching English Vocabulary At Non Formal
Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung
.................................................................................................. 27
4.1.2 The Difficulties Faced By The Teacher In Implementing The Techniques At
Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung ........................................................................... 33
4.1.3 The Teacher’s Way To Cope The Difficulties In Implementing The
Techniques At Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung ................................................................ 34
4.2 Discussion ........................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions ................................................................................... 39
5.2 Suggestions.................................................................................... 40
REFERENCES
APPENDIXS
APPENDIXS
INTERVIEW SCRIPT..................................................................................... 1
OBSERVATION CHECKLIST...................................................................... 2
DOCUMENTATION........................................................................................ 3
REFERENCES
Cahyono. 2004.”English Language Teaching and Learning.” UM Press
Gairns, Ruth and Stuard Redman. 2003. “Working With Words: A Guide to Teaching and
Learning.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Harmer, J. 2002.“How to Teach Vocabulary.”Bluestone Press.Charlbury, Oxfordshire,
UK.ISBN 0582 429668.
Jafarigohar. 2013. “The Effect of Teaching Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Collocation
Recall in an EFL Context.” International Journal of English and Education.Vol. 2,
Issue: 1; January 2013, ISSN: 2278-4012.
Joesoef, Soelaiman. 2008. “Konsep Dasar Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.” Jakarta: PT.
BumiAksara.
Normalsari. 2013. “The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques Used by the First Grade English
Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah06 Dau Malang.” Unpublish Thesis. University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
Richard &Renandya. 2002. “Methodology in Language Teaching.” Cambridge University
Press. New York, USA. Ary, Donald. 2002. “Introduction to Research in Education.”
New York. Holt and Winston.
Ary, Donald. 2010. “Introduction to Research in Education.” California. Wardsworth
Brown, H.D. 2000. “Principles of Language Learning and Teaching.” Addison Wesley
Longman.
Sonia. 2014. “Challenges of English Language Teaching in Rural Areas.” International
Journal of English and Education.Vol. 3, Issue: 2; April 2014, ISSN: 2278- 4012.
Syah. 2013. “The Technique of Teaching English Vocabulary At SMPN 1 Randuagung
Lumajang.” Unpublish Thesis. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Yani, Irma. 2008. “A Study on Teacher’s Communication Strategies in Teaching English at
SMPN 1 Batu.”Unpublish Thesis. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
____________. 2001. Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.73 Tahun 1991.Tentang Pendidikan Luar
Sekolah.(Online). (www.plsdepdiknas.go.id).
____________. 2003. Undang-undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional RI No 20 Tahun 2003.
Tentang Program Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.(Online). (www.plspdepdiknas.co.id)
____________. 2009. Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional No.77 Tahun 2009.Tentang
Ujian Nasional Program Paket A,B,C. (Online). (www.plspdepdiknas.co.id)
INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses some topics related to the background of the study,
statements of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope
and limitation, and the definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
English is an International language. It has an important role in delivering
information, especially in the global era. Currently, science and technology
develop very quickly. English can help bridge communication barriers accross
culture (Sonia, 2014). English proficiency helps Indonesian to get an easy access
to Western technology and science. Besides, English also means of
communication or interaction since English as a lingua franca for many countries
in the world. Harmer (2002) states that “Although English is not the language
with the largest number of native or „first’ language speaker, it has become a
lingua franca”. Moreover, English has opened up avenues for may areas such as
means of communication, medicine, agro-business, science, technology, international
businesses, trade, shipping, aviation, sports, research, books, diplomacy, and so on
(Sonia,2014). In Indonesia, English is as foreign language. English becomes
compulsory subject at the junior and senior high schools and also university level.
It is included in curriculum as a compulsory subject to learn.
Teaching English includes teaching language skills and language
components. Language skills are reading, speaking, writing and listening.
Language components are pronunciation, structure, and vocabulary. Here, the
researcher focuses her discussion on vocabulary as one of the language
components. According to Harmer (2002), “Vocabulary teaching has not always
been very responsive to such problem, and teacher have not fully recognised the
tremendous communicative advantage in developing an extensive vocabulary”.
Furthermore, mastering the vocabulary has important role in English learning.
When the learner learns it more either actively or passsively, they will learn
easily.
Basically, teaching English is not the simple thing. It is not easy for
Indonesia students to learn and understand English quickly, because English is not
their first language. In English teaching, the teacher has to be creative to make
students interested in learning English. Teacher should be smart in choosing
suitable teaching techniques that are effective for learners. By choosing suitable
teaching techniques, it will help the learners understand and comprehend the
materials easily.
In relation to the technique of teaching English vocabulary, there have
been some previous researches conducted. Syah (2013) who conducted research
about techiques of teaching vocabulary at SMPN 1 Randuagung Lumajang found
that the teacher used all kind of techniques of teaching vocabulary. There were ;
1) Visual, 2) Mime and gesture, 3) Use of illustrative situation, 3) Use of
synonym and definition, 4) Contrast and opposite, 5) Scale, 6) Example of the
type, 7) Translation, 8) Asking others, 9) Using a dictionary and 10) Contextual
guesswork. Besides, Normalasari (2013) who conducted research about
vocabulary teaching techniques used by the first grade English teacher at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau found that the teacher used five techniques in teaching
vocabulary. There were ; 1) Visual, 2) Opposite, 3) Translation, 4) Asking others
and 5) Using dictionary.
Based on the previous studies that the researchers conducted at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang and SMPN 1 Randuagung Lumajang, mostly the
techniques in teaching English vocabulary were considered as the effective
techniques in formal education. However, in this study the researcher wants to
analyze the implementation of those technique in non formal education Kejar
Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung since the students have less time
for learning process, lack of vocabulary and poor in English communication.
Moreover, the students at non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung are not only the people who failed in national examination
and dropped out from school but also people who cannot join in formal education
which has old age. In addition, basically the competencies at non formal education
that being accepted are similar with formal education, but the advantage at non
formal education the students also trained mastering an enterpreneur.
One of Non Formal Education is Kejar Paket C program that is equal to
Senior High School, and it is for the people who cannot join in formal education (
Government Rule No.73/1991/ about non formal education).
From the statements, the researcher is interested in studying the techniques
used in teaching English vocabulary at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in
PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung.
1.2 Statements of the Problem
Based on the background of the study stated above, the problems are
formulated as follows:
1. What techniques are used by the teacher to teach English vocabulary at
Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung?
2. What are the difficulties faced by the teacher in implementing the
techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung?
3. How does the teacher cope the difficulties of implementing the techniques
at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Concerning with the problems above, the purposes of this study are:
1. To investigate what techniques are used by the teacher to teach English
vocabulary at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
2. To find out the difficulties faced by the teacher in implementing the
techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar PaketC in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
3. To explore how the teacher cope the difficulties of implementing the
techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The result of this study is expected to be useful for English teacher, the
English department students, and the next researcher. For the English teacher, it is
expected that the result of this study will give contribution to the English teacher
about the technique applied in teaching vocabulary for non formal education
students at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung. For English department students, the result of the study can be
useful for them to know how techniques of teaching vocabulary. For the next
researchers, the result of this study is expected to be used as one of references if
they are interested in conducting similar study.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
Based on the preceding statements of the problem, the researcher consider
making the scope and limitation of this research. The scope of this research
focused on vocabulary teaching techniques used by English teacher at non formal
education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung. Because of the
researcher’s knowledge, time and energy were limited, this research was limited
to the English teacher of non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung.
1.6 Definition of Key Term
Before discussing further, it is necessary to clarify the meaning of the key
terms to avoid misunderstanding. Those key terms are defined as follows:
1. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do
something, giving instruction, guiding in the study of something,
providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand
(Brown:2000)
2. Technique is any wide variety of exercise, activities or tasks used in
language classroom for realizing lesson objective (Brown:2000).
3. Vocabulary is an important ingredient of language and vocabulary
learning is an
essential
part
of foreign
language
learning
(Jafarigohar:2013).
4. Non Formal Education is an education program that is administrated at
non formal education either institutionalized or not (Acts of National
Education No 20/2003 about non formal education).
5. Kejar Paket C is one of the educational programs of non formal
education that is equal to senior high school, and it is for the people
who cannot attend formal education (Gorvernment Rule No. 73/1991/
about non formal education).
A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT
NON FORMAL EDUCATION KEJAR PAKET C IN PKBM
MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
THESIS
By:
LUKEN YANUAR KUSUMA RINI
201110100311060
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT
NON FORMAL EDUCATION KEJAR PAKET C IN PKBM
MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
LUKEN YANUAR KUSUMA RINI
201110100311060
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL ................................................................................................... i
LEGALIZATION .......................................................................................... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION...................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................ v
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. vii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study ...................................................................... 1
1.2 Statements of Problem ................................................................... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ...................................................................... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ................................................................ 5
1.5 Scope and Limitation ..................................................................... 5
1.6 Definition of Key Term .................................................................. 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Teaching English as Foreign Language ........................................ 7
2.2 Teaching Vocabulary ..................................................................... 8
2.3 Techniques of Teaching Vocabulary ............................................ 9
2.3.1 Techniques of Teacher-Centered Activities .............................. 10
2.3.1.1 Visual Techniques ............................................................ 10
2.3.1.2 Verbal Techniques ............................................................. 11
2.3.1.3 Translation Technique ...................................................... 13
2.3.2 Techniques of Student-Centered Activities .............................. 13
2.3.2.1 Asking Others ..................................................................... 14
2.3.2.2 Using Dictionary ................................................................ 14
2.3.2.3 Contextual Guesswork ...................................................... 14
2.4 Non Formal Education ................................................................... 15
2.4.1 Characteristics of Non Formal Education ............................ 15
2.4.2 The Programs of Non Formal Education .............................. 16
2.4.3 Education of Equivalent.......................................................... 18
2.4.3.1 Kejar Paket A and B........................................................... 18
2.4.3.2 Kejar Paket C ..................................................................... 19
2.4.3.2.1 Teaching English to Kejar Paket C ........................... 19
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design .............................................................................. 21
3.2 Subject of the Study........................................................................ 21
3.3 Research Instruments .................................................................... 22
3.3.1 Documents ................................................................................. 22
3.3.2 Observation ............................................................................... 22
3.3.3 Interview .................................................................................... 24
3.4 Data Collection................................................................................ 24
3.5 Data Analysis .................................................................................. 26
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Findings ...........................................................................................
27
4.1.1 The Teacher’s Techniques In Teaching English Vocabulary At Non Formal
Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung
.................................................................................................. 27
4.1.2 The Difficulties Faced By The Teacher In Implementing The Techniques At
Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum
Tulungagung ........................................................................... 33
4.1.3 The Teacher’s Way To Cope The Difficulties In Implementing The
Techniques At Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung ................................................................ 34
4.2 Discussion ........................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions ................................................................................... 39
5.2 Suggestions.................................................................................... 40
REFERENCES
APPENDIXS
APPENDIXS
INTERVIEW SCRIPT..................................................................................... 1
OBSERVATION CHECKLIST...................................................................... 2
DOCUMENTATION........................................................................................ 3
REFERENCES
Cahyono. 2004.”English Language Teaching and Learning.” UM Press
Gairns, Ruth and Stuard Redman. 2003. “Working With Words: A Guide to Teaching and
Learning.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Harmer, J. 2002.“How to Teach Vocabulary.”Bluestone Press.Charlbury, Oxfordshire,
UK.ISBN 0582 429668.
Jafarigohar. 2013. “The Effect of Teaching Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Collocation
Recall in an EFL Context.” International Journal of English and Education.Vol. 2,
Issue: 1; January 2013, ISSN: 2278-4012.
Joesoef, Soelaiman. 2008. “Konsep Dasar Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.” Jakarta: PT.
BumiAksara.
Normalsari. 2013. “The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques Used by the First Grade English
Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah06 Dau Malang.” Unpublish Thesis. University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
Richard &Renandya. 2002. “Methodology in Language Teaching.” Cambridge University
Press. New York, USA. Ary, Donald. 2002. “Introduction to Research in Education.”
New York. Holt and Winston.
Ary, Donald. 2010. “Introduction to Research in Education.” California. Wardsworth
Brown, H.D. 2000. “Principles of Language Learning and Teaching.” Addison Wesley
Longman.
Sonia. 2014. “Challenges of English Language Teaching in Rural Areas.” International
Journal of English and Education.Vol. 3, Issue: 2; April 2014, ISSN: 2278- 4012.
Syah. 2013. “The Technique of Teaching English Vocabulary At SMPN 1 Randuagung
Lumajang.” Unpublish Thesis. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Yani, Irma. 2008. “A Study on Teacher’s Communication Strategies in Teaching English at
SMPN 1 Batu.”Unpublish Thesis. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
____________. 2001. Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.73 Tahun 1991.Tentang Pendidikan Luar
Sekolah.(Online). (www.plsdepdiknas.go.id).
____________. 2003. Undang-undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional RI No 20 Tahun 2003.
Tentang Program Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.(Online). (www.plspdepdiknas.co.id)
____________. 2009. Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional No.77 Tahun 2009.Tentang
Ujian Nasional Program Paket A,B,C. (Online). (www.plspdepdiknas.co.id)