A STUDY ON THE TECHNIQUE USED BY THE TEACHER IN TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 8 BATU

A STUDY ON THE TECHNIQUE USED BY THE TEACHER IN

TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE SEVENTH GRADE

STUDENTS AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 8 BATU

THESIS

by:

RATIH YUNIARNI 201010100311175

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

A STUDY ON THE TECHNIQUE USED BY THE TEACHER IN

TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE SEVENTH GRADE

STUDENTS AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 8 BATU

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

by:

RATIH YUNIARNI 201010100311175

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

This thesis was written by Ratih Yuniarni was approved on November 13, 2014

Advisor II, Advisor I,

This thesis was defended in front of the examiner of the Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

on December 27, 2014

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M.Kes

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Bayu H. Wicaksono, S.Pd, M.Ed, Ph.D 1. ……….

2. Drs. Jarum. M.Ed 2. ……….

3. Rina Wahyu Setyaningrum, M.Ed 3. ……….

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

Ada hari dimana tak semua harapanmu terpenuhi. Ada hari-hari dimana keburukan seperti mengumpul menjadi palu godam

yang menhantam nasibmu. Tapi jika engkau memilih menerima dan bersyukur atas semua “keburukan” yang terjadi maka akan

kau temukan bahwa sebenarnya Tuhan hanya menggoda. (M. Arief Budiman)

Selama kita memiliki kemauan, keuletan, dan keteguhan hati, besi batangan pun bila digosok terus menerus pasti akan menjadi

sebatang jarum. (Andrie Wongso)

DEDICATION I dedicate this thesis to My beloved father and mother, My brother and sister.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillahi Rabbil Alamin, all praise be to Allah S.W.T, who has given time and opportunity to the writer to finish this thesis entitled “A Study on the Technique used by the Teacher in Teaching Vocabulary to the Seventh Grade Students at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu”

In finishing this thesis, the writer says her greatest gratitude to both of my advisors, Rina Wahyu Setyaningrum, M.Ed as my first advisor and Dr. Sudiran, M.Hum as my second advisor, for their great contribution, meaningful guidance, correction, suggestions, encouragement, and criticisms during the writing process of this thesis. Furthermore, my enormous gratitude is extended to English teacher and the headmaster of SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu, who had given the opportunity and permission to conduct the research.

My greatest appreciation, moreover, also goes to my beloved parents (Suriyanto and Sukarni) and my beloved person (Budi Santoso), my lovely brother (Firman) and sister (Reny) for their endless prayer, care financial, and support to me every time from the first time I study at this university up to the completing of this thesis. I am also thankful for all my friends: Dwi, Defi, Ida, Faisal, Dadang, Fendy, Nita, and Ega, who also give me support and motivation. Finally, I hope that this thesis research very useful other researchers for doing others research related to the technique of teaching vocabulary. Thank you very much.

Malang, 18 October 2014

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iv

ABSTRACT ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Statements of the Study ... 3

1.3 Objectives of the Study ... 4

1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study ... 4

1.5 Significant of the Study ... 4

1.6 Definition of key Terms ... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Language Teaching ... 6

2.2 Vocabulary ... 7

2.3 Teaching Vocabulary ... 10

2.4 Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary ... 12

2.4.1 Techniques of Teacher-centered Activity ... 13

2.4.1.1 Visual Technique ... 13

2.4.1.1.1 Visual ... 13

2.4.1.1.2 Mime and Gestures ... 13

2.4.1.2 Verbal Technique ... 13

2.4.1.2.1 Illustrative Situation ... 14

2.4.1.2.2 Synonymy and Definition ... 14

2.4.1.2.4Scale ... 14

2.4.1.2.5 Example of Type ... 15

2.4.1.3 Translation ... 15

2.4.2 Techniques of Student-centered Activity ... 16

2.4.2.1 Asking Others ... 16

2.4.2.2 Using a Dictionary ... 16

2.4.2.3 Contextual Guesswork ... 16

2.5 The Procedure of Presenting Vocabulary ... 17

2.6 The Advantages of Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary ... 18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ... 23

3.2 Research Subject ... 24

3.3 Research Instruments ... 24

3.3.1 Observation ... 24

3.3.2 Interview ... 25

3.4 Data Collection ... 25

3.5 Data Analysis ... 26

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 Research Findings ... 27

4.1.1 The Teacher’s Technique in Teaching Vocabulary ... 27

4.1.1.1 Visual ... 27

4.1.1.2 Translation ... 28

4.1.1.3 Dialogue ... 29

4.1.1.4 Games ... 30

4.1.2 The Way the Teacher Implemented the Techniques ... 31

4.1.2.1 Visual ... 31

4.1.2.2 Translation ... 33

4.1.2.4 Games ... 34

4.5 The Advantages of Those Techniques ... 36

4.2 Discussion ... 37

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ... 41

5.2 Suggestions ... 42

REFERENCES ... 44

APPENDIX I ... 46

APPENDIX II ... 50

APPENDIX III ... 53

APPENDIX IV ... 59

REFERENCES

Ary, Donald, et al 2006. Introduction to Research in Education. United City: Wardworth Group.

Ary, Donald. Et al 2002. Introduction to research in Education (sixth edition). New York: Thomson Learning. Inc.

Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP). 2013. Standar isi untuk satuan

pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Jakarta: BSNP (online),

(http://www.litbang.kemendikbud.go.id/) 19/06/2014 11:53

Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language learning and Teaching. San Francisco: Addison Wesley Longman, inc.

Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principles, an Interactive Language Pedagogy. San Francisco: Addison Wesley Longman.

Cahyono, Bambang Yudi (Ed.). 2010. The Teaching of English Language Skill and English Language Component. Malang: State University of Malang Press Gairns, Ruth and Redman, Stuart. 2003. Working with Word: A Guide to Teaching and

Learning Vocabulary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Huyen, Nguyen Thi Thanh and Nga, Khuat Thi Thu. 2003. Learning Vocabulary

through Games. Asian EFL Journal

Indah P, Ferrys. 2007. The Technique of Teaching Vocabulary to the Fourth Grade Students at SDN Parangargo 02 Wagir Malang. Unpublished. Malang: Muhammadiyah University.

Joklová, Kateřina. 2009. Using Pictures in Teaching Vocabulary. Published Bachelor’s Thesis: Masaryk University.

McCarten, Jeane. 2007. Teaching Vocabulary, Lesson from the Corpus, Lesson the Classroom. New York: Cambridge.

Mehta, Naveen Kumar. 2009. Vocabulary teaching: Effective Methodologies. The Internet TESL Journal: http://iteslj.org/

Ningrum, Leny meilina. 2003. The Techniques of Teaching English Vocabulary at

SLTPN 1 Kedungadem Bojonegoro. Unpublished Thesis. Malang:

Normalasari, Airani. 2013. The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques used by the First Grade English Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Rasulu, Sultrianti Ode. 2011. Techniques of Teaching Vocabulary use by the Second

Grade Teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 6 Dau Malang. Unpublished. Malang: Muhammadiyah University.

Richards, Jack C. and Rodgers, Theodore S. 2001. Approaches and methods to Language Teaching. USA: Cambridge University Press.

Shen, Chunxuan. 2009. Using English Songs: an Enjoyable and Effective Approach to ELT. www.ccsenet.org/journal.html

Thornbury, Scott. 2002. How to Teach Vocabulary. Pearson Education Limited. Webb, Stuart. 2007. The Effects of Synonymy on Second-language Vocabulary

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

English as international language is widely used all over the world. Therefore, learning English is very important because it is easier to have international relation with all nations in the world. Learning and understanding English are not easy because English as a foreign language in Indonesia. According to Brown (2001:232), there are four skills in English, namely: listening, speaking, reading and writing as the paramount important in English teaching. Those four skills need to be mastered by learners in order to be able to communicate in English well.

Vocabulary is one of the components of language. Mehta (2009) states that, “Vocabulary is the first and foremost important step in language acquisition.” So, vocabulary should be mastered by the students because it can support their understanding of those skills in order to be able to communicate with others. According to Wilkins (in Thornbury, 2002:13), “Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” It means that, vocabulary is very important to make possible for a person to speak the language in communicative ways. That is why, teaching learning process needs special way or techniques in order to increase the students’ vocabulary understanding.

2

As the part of language, vocabulary is not easy to be learned. Richard (2001:19) states that, technique is a particular trick, strategy, or contrivance used to accomplish and immediate objective. There are many techniques used by the teacher in teaching English vocabulary. So, the teacher should be able to choose an appropriate technique in teaching learning process especially for junior high school.

Students of junior high school level have to memorize about 1000 vocabularies to balance their theory and practice. Absolutely both of teacher and students need hard work to reach this target and the students need effort from their teacher by giving the appropriate technique, good example, etc. Moreover, in Junior High School, learning English for student is targeted to achieve functional level to communicate orally and in written form to solve daily problem, such as reading a newspapers, manual, or instruction (BSNP, 2013:227). So, the students have to be able to read newspaper or understand instructions in any kinds of books and they have to be able communicate orally or in written form. That is why, the students need to enrich vocabulary knowledge to reach this target.

In teaching vocabulary, the use of teaching technique is very important in determine the success of students’ achievement. According to Brown (2001:16), technique is any wide variety of exercises, activities, or tasks used in language classroom for realizing lesson objective. So, the teacher can apply various techniques to make the students understand the material presented by using exercises, activities, or tasks. Moreover, the teacher must know the situation and choose the technique in language learning.

3

Some previous researches have been done related to technique in teaching vocabulary. The first is a research done by Normalasari (2013) entitled “The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques Used by the First Grade English Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang”. She found that the teacher used five techniques in teaching vocabulary. There were visual, opposites, translation, asking others, and using a dictionary. In addition, another research was conducted by Rasulu (2011) entitled “Technique of Teaching Vocabulary Used by the Second Grade Teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang“. She found that there were five kinds of vocabulary teaching technique in language learning process, they were flashcard or pictures, translation, games such as puzzle and connecting word, guessing the words, and words formation. The teacher implemented those techniques based on the English curriculum for junior high school and he also manipulated the techniques himself in accordance with the situation and the student condition in the classroom.

In this research, the researcher chooses SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu because she has done teaching practice (PPL) and observation there, so she knows the situation and the students well. Based on the observation, the students still have difficulties in learning English vocabulary.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1. What are the techniques used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary to the Seventh Grade Students at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu?

4

2. How does the teacher implement the technique in teaching and learning process?

3. What are the advantages of those techniques? 1.3 Objectives of the Study

1. To know the techniques used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary to the Seventh Grade Students at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu.

2. To describe the teacher implement the technique in teaching and learning process.

3. To know the advantages of those techniques.

1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study focusses on the techniques in teaching vocabulary used by seventh grade teacher of English at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu and the implement of those techniques. In addition, this study is limited to the only teacher of English and the seventh grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu.

1.5 Significance of the Study

The writer hopes this study is expected to be useful for English teachers, the English department students, and the next researcher. For the teacher, the result of this study will enrich knowledge about various techniques in teaching vocabulary that can be implement. For the English department student, the result of this study will give some important information about what are the technique in teaching

5

vocabulary. For the next researchers, the findings on this study are expected to be useful for them who are interested conducting similar studies.

1.7 Definition of Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation the meaning of key term in this study, the definition of them are provided below. It will be expected to give the same understanding and interpretation between the writer and the readers. Those are:

- Technique: is any of a wide variety of exercises, activities, or tasks, used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objective (Brown, 2001:16). - Teaching: is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something,

giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000:7)

- Vocabulary: Vocabulary is the first and foremost important step in language acquisition (Mehta, 2009).

Normalasari, Airani. 2013. The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques used by the First Grade English Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Rasulu, Sultrianti Ode. 2011. Techniques of Teaching Vocabulary use by the Second

Grade Teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 6 Dau Malang. Unpublished. Malang: Muhammadiyah University.

Richards, Jack C. and Rodgers, Theodore S. 2001. Approaches and methods to Language Teaching. USA: Cambridge University Press.

Shen, Chunxuan. 2009. Using English Songs: an Enjoyable and Effective Approach to ELT. www.ccsenet.org/journal.html

Thornbury, Scott. 2002. How to Teach Vocabulary. Pearson Education Limited. Webb, Stuart. 2007. The Effects of Synonymy on Second-language Vocabulary

1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

English as international language is widely used all over the world. Therefore, learning English is very important because it is easier to have international relation with all nations in the world. Learning and understanding English are not easy because English as a foreign language in Indonesia. According to Brown (2001:232), there are four skills in English, namely: listening, speaking, reading and writing as the paramount important in English teaching. Those four skills need to be mastered by learners in order to be able to communicate in English well.

Vocabulary is one of the components of language. Mehta (2009) states that, “Vocabulary is the first and foremost important step in language acquisition.” So, vocabulary should be mastered by the students because it can support their understanding of those skills in order to be able to communicate with others. According to Wilkins (in Thornbury, 2002:13), “Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” It means that, vocabulary is very important to make possible for a person to speak the language in communicative ways. That is why, teaching learning process needs special way or techniques in order to increase the students’ vocabulary understanding.

2

As the part of language, vocabulary is not easy to be learned. Richard (2001:19) states that, technique is a particular trick, strategy, or contrivance used to accomplish and immediate objective. There are many techniques used by the teacher in teaching English vocabulary. So, the teacher should be able to choose an appropriate technique in teaching learning process especially for junior high school.

Students of junior high school level have to memorize about 1000 vocabularies to balance their theory and practice. Absolutely both of teacher and students need hard work to reach this target and the students need effort from their teacher by giving the appropriate technique, good example, etc. Moreover, in Junior High School, learning English for student is targeted to achieve functional level to communicate orally and in written form to solve daily problem, such as reading a newspapers, manual, or instruction (BSNP, 2013:227). So, the students have to be able to read newspaper or understand instructions in any kinds of books and they have to be able communicate orally or in written form. That is why, the students need to enrich vocabulary knowledge to reach this target.

In teaching vocabulary, the use of teaching technique is very important in determine the success of students’ achievement. According to Brown (2001:16), technique is any wide variety of exercises, activities, or tasks used in language classroom for realizing lesson objective. So, the teacher can apply various techniques to make the students understand the material presented by using exercises, activities, or tasks. Moreover, the teacher must know the situation and choose the technique in language learning.

Some previous researches have been done related to technique in teaching vocabulary. The first is a research done by Normalasari (2013) entitled “The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques Used by the First Grade English Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang”. She found that the teacher used five techniques in teaching vocabulary. There were visual, opposites, translation, asking others, and using a dictionary. In addition, another research was conducted by Rasulu (2011) entitled “Technique of Teaching Vocabulary Used by the Second Grade Teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang“. She found that there were five kinds of vocabulary teaching technique in language learning process, they were flashcard or pictures, translation, games such as puzzle and connecting word, guessing the words, and words formation. The teacher implemented those techniques based on the English curriculum for junior high school and he also manipulated the techniques himself in accordance with the situation and the student condition in the classroom.

In this research, the researcher chooses SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu because she has done teaching practice (PPL) and observation there, so she knows the situation and the students well. Based on the observation, the students still have difficulties in learning English vocabulary.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1. What are the techniques used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary to the Seventh Grade Students at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu?

4

2. How does the teacher implement the technique in teaching and learning process?

3. What are the advantages of those techniques?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1. To know the techniques used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary to the

Seventh Grade Students at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu.

2. To describe the teacher implement the technique in teaching and learning

process.

3. To know the advantages of those techniques.

1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study focusses on the techniques in teaching vocabulary used by seventh grade teacher of English at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu and the implement of those techniques. In addition, this study is limited to the only teacher of English and the seventh grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu.

1.5 Significance of the Study

The writer hopes this study is expected to be useful for English teachers, the English department students, and the next researcher. For the teacher, the result of this study will enrich knowledge about various techniques in teaching vocabulary that can be implement. For the English department student, the result of this study will give some important information about what are the technique in teaching

vocabulary. For the next researchers, the findings on this study are expected to be useful for them who are interested conducting similar studies.

1.7 Definition of Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation the meaning of key term in this study, the definition of them are provided below. It will be expected to give the same understanding and interpretation between the writer and the readers. Those are:

- Technique: is any of a wide variety of exercises, activities, or tasks, used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objective (Brown, 2001:16). - Teaching: is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something,

giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000:7)

- Vocabulary: Vocabulary is the first and foremost important step in language acquisition (Mehta, 2009).