3.2 Research Area Determination Method
The research area in this research was determined by using purposive method. The researcher selected the area based on the previous information about the
condition happened in the area. According to Arik unto 2006:139 purposive method is used to choose a research area based on a certain purpose or condition.
This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 9 Jember which was chosen purposively based on some following reasons:
1. The students had problems in writing based on the results of preliminary study.
2. The English teacher never applied photographs as media in teaching.
3. The English teacher agreed to solve the students’ writing problem
collaboratively with the researcher by conducting a classroom action research. 4.
The English teacher and the School Principal of SMP Negeri 9 Jember gave the permission to the researcher to conduct a classroom action research.
3.3 Research Subject Determination Method
Purposive method was also used to determine the subject of the research. Subject of the research refers to person who is affected by a certain treatment in a
research. Arikunto 2006:140 notes that subject of the research is defined as person who responds or answers the researcher’s questions, both written and oral.
Thus, subject of research is a group of people who accepts a certain treatment and answers the researcher’s question in term of answering the problems of a research.
Although purposive method is used to choose subject, it must describe the real situation of population and the subject has to be representative. Fraenkel and
Wallen 2009:99 elaborate that based on previous information, the researcher is led to believe that the subject selected represent the population.
In this research, the researcher purposively conducted classroom action research on class 8-C based on the results of interview with the English teacher.
According to her, actually almost all students of the entire eighth grade had problems in writing, but she mentioned that class 8-C had the lowest score in
writing tests. The previous mean score of the students in class 8-C was 70.6. The students of class 8-C still had difficulties in writing a paragraph. All the aspects of
writing had not been well acquired by the 8-C students. Therefore, the researcher applied photographs as visual media to make the students easier in writing their
recount paragraphs.
3.4 Operational Definition of the Key Terms
Kategori