3.6.4 Data Analysis and Reflection
The analyzed data covered the results of the observation in the teaching learning process and the students’ reading comprehension test. The collected data was
analyzed by using simple statistics with the following formula. In order to find out the percentage of the students who were active in the
teaching and learning process, the researcher used this formula.
Note: E
: The percentage of the students’ active participation.
n
: The total number of the students who are active.
N : The total number of the students joining the classroom.
Adapted from Ali, 1993:186 Then, to find out the mean score of the students’ reading test, the researcher used this
formula.
Note: M
: The mean score of the students’ reading comprehension achievement.
∑
X
: The total score of the students’ reading test.
N : The total number of the students doing the test.
Adapted from Heryanto, et al. 2011:4.3
In addition, the percentage of the students who got at least 75 was analyzed by using the following formula.
Note: E
: The students’ reading comprehension achievement in the form of percentage.
n : The total number of the students who got 75 or higher.
N : The total number of the students doing the test.
Adapted from Ali, 1993:186
After doing data analysis, reflection was done in order to know the weaknesses and the strengths of the actions. Reflection was done by the researcher and the English
teacher. The reflection of the action cycle was based on the data of observation and reading test that had been analyzed. The result of reflection was used as a guide to
revise the implementation of the action in the next cycle, if the first cycle failed to achieve the research target. If the first cycle achieved the research target, the cycle was
still continued to the second cycle to know the consistency of the results.
3.6.5 The Success Criteria of the Action in this Research
The success criteria of the action in this research were determined as follows. a. It was said that the use of pictures in series could improve the students’ active
participation, if 75 of the students actively participated in the teaching learning process.
b. It was said that the use of pictures in series could improve the students’ reading comprehension achievement of narrative text, if the mean score of the students’
reading test was at least 75 and it was achieved by at least 75 of the students.
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CHAPTER 4. RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This chapter discusses the result of the action in applying pictures in series in teaching reading narrative text. It covers the result of the actions in cycle 1 and cycle
2 as well as the discussion of both cycles.
4.1 The Result of Actions in Cycle 1
The actions in cycle 1 were conducted in two meetings. The first meeting was carried out on May 15
th
, 2015 and the second meeting was on May 21
st
, 2015. The actions were done by the researcher who collaborated with the English teacher in
SMAN 1 Rambipuji, Jember. In the first meeting, the researcher was as the teacher and the English teacher was as the observer. In the second meeting, the rule was
changed, the researcher was as the observer and the English teacher taught English to the students. The stages implemented in cycle 1 were planning of the actions,
implementing of the actions, class observation and evaluation and reflecting the actions.
The evaluations conducted in this cycle were process and product evaluation. The process evaluation was done through observation in each meeting during teaching
and learning process to evaluate the improvement of students’ active participation in the teaching learning process. To record the students’ active participation, the
researcher had provided observation guide in the form of checklist. Besides the process evaluation, product evaluation was also conducted to measure the
improvement of the students’ reading comprehension achievement. The product evaluation was conducted in the form of reading comprehension test that was
administered at the end of cycle 1. The test administered was in the form of True - False and Multiple Choice. The time allocation given was 60 minutes. The test
covered word comprehension, sentence comprehension, paragraph comprehension and text comprehension.
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