4. Doing the vocabulary exercises based on flashcards shown by the teacher.
Notes: -
The students were considered active if they fulfilled at least 3 indicators of 4 indicators of participation.
- The students were considered passive if they fulfilled 1 or 2 indicators of 4
indicators of participation. The evaluation was conducted to know whether the use of flashcards could
improve the students’ active participation and vocabulary achievement or not. In this research, the types of evaluation used were process evaluation and product
evaluation. The process evaluation wa s done to evaluate the students’ active
participation during teaching of vocabulary achievement by using flashcards and the product evaluation wa
s done to evaluate the students’ vocabulary achievement by using flashcards done after the actions was given to the subjects. This evaluation was
done in each cycle. The criteria to evaluate the success of the action were as follows: a.
It was said that the use of flashcards could improve the students’ active participation, if 75 of the students participated actively in the vocabulary
teaching and learning process. b.
It was said that the use of flashcards could improve the students’ vocabulary achievement if the mean score of the students
’ vocabulary test was at least 75 and it was achieved by at least 75 of the students.
3.6.4 Data Analysis Method and Reflection of the Action
a. Data Analysis Method
Data analysis method is a way to analyze the obtained data. In this research, the collected data were the result of the students’ vocabulary achievement test and the
results of observation. The results of the students’ vocabulary achievement test were analyzed
statically by using this formula:
E = 100 Notes :
E : The percentage of the students who got vocabulary test score of 74 or higher.
n : The number of the students who got vocabulary test score of 74 or higher.
N : The number of the students doing the test.
Adopted from Ali, 1993: 186 The results of the observation were analyzed by using the following formula
to find the percentage of the students’ active participation.
E = 100 Notes:
E
: The percentage of students’ active participation.
n : The number of the students who are active in the vocabulary teaching learning
process
N : The number of the students joining the vocabulary class.
Adopted from Ali, 1993: 186
b. Reflection of the Action
Reflection was done by the researcher and the English teacher. The reflection was intended to know whether the actions given were successful or not, to know
whether the action given had weaknesses or strengths and to find the solution of the weaknesses in the action. The purpose of reflection itself in this research was to know
whether or not there wa s any improvement of the students’ active participation and
vocabulary achievement after the steps were taught vocabulary by using flashcards. The reflection in the action of each cycle was done after knowing the result of the test
and observation data analysis in each cycle. The result of reflection was used as a guide to revise the implementation of the action in the second cycle, if cycle 1 failed
to achieve the research objectives. If cycle 1 achieved the research objectives, the
cycle was still continued to cycle 2 to know the consistency of the result of the first cycle.
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CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
