7
C. The Objectives of the Study
Based on the problem statement, the objectives of this research are: 1.
To identify whether communicative group technique can improve students’ speaking skill.
2. To describe class situation when communicative group technique
implemented in speaking class.
D. The Benefits of the Study
1. For students: a. To improve students’ skill in speaking in daily life
b. To provide real exposure of learning English and practice their speaking in meaningful way.
c. To motivate students to practice speaking English fluently and actively 2. For teacher as a researcher
a. To enlarge the mindset of teaching speaking in the teaching learning
process. b.
To give understanding that teaching speaking can be done in a fun way
3. For other teacher To give the information about teaching technique in speaking class if they
face the same problems.
4. For English Education Department To give a reference on the teaching and learning technique in speaking
5. For other researcher a. To give inspiration to do the similar research.
b. To apply further research in the same field.
8
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. The Nature of Speaking
1. The Concept of Speaking
Byrne 1997: 8 describes “Oral communication is a two way process between a speaker and listener and involves the productive skill of
speaking and receptive skill of listening”. It can be described as the diagram below:
Spoken language Understanding
Speaking Receptive skill
Productive skill Reading
Writing Written Language
Figure 1. A diagram of how all skills of English are interrelated according to Byrne
Chaney 1998: 13 defines that speaking as “the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal
symbol in variety context”. Speaking involves three areas of knwoledge. They are mechanicspronunciation, grammar, and
vocabulary. It is the ability to use the right words in the right order with the correct pronunciation, functiontransaction and interaction:
knowing when clarity of message is essentialtransactioninformation exchange
and when
precised understanding
is not
requiredinteractionrelation building and also social culture rules and norms.
Mackey in Magiono 2007: 3 defines that speaking is oral expression that involves not only the use of right patterns of rhythm and
intonation but also right order to convey the right meaning. According to the definition it means in speaking people must have ability to use the
words in the right order with the correct pronunciation, to design the correct grammar for the utterances, and to choose the diction or choice of
words.
Brown 2001: 267-269 emphasizes clearly whole language and meaningful context fluency rather than details accuracy in teaching
speaking. He also states that it is necessary to teach the details of language such as phonology, grammar, pronunciation in appropriate portion
especially for intermediate and advanced level class.
From the definitions above, it can be concluded that speaking is ability to say something which involved the ability in using the words in
the correct order, correct pronunciation, right grammatical form, and meaningful
context fluency
and choosing
the choice
of