CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
In less than 10 decades, the energy crisis will happen cause from exhausted of fossil fuel reserve such as oil, coal and gas. This issue was discussed in World Energy Forum. Over
79 of energy consumed in the world is from fossil fuel. About 57.7 of energy is used in transportation sector and it increase rapidly day by day [1]. These facts show the energy is
very important in our daily life. So, another way must be found to overcome this problem. Renewable energy is a way to overcome fossil fuel crisis because renewable energy is kind of
energy that resources that are regenerative and the source of renewable energy will not be over. One of source of renewable energy is radiation of sun. Unlike fossil fuel, the energy
from sun is good for environment because it does not have any kind of matter that can give negative impact to atmosphere and environment. The renewable energy that generates form
sun is call solar energy. Solar have many advantages compare to other type of energy. It has no emission of greenhouse, not deplete natural source, clean and consistent. Solar energy that
comes from radiation of sun is also available at any location on earth. Recently, photovoltaic source is widely use in the world such as in home for water heating system. A lot of researches
about photovoltaic have been conduct to improve the photovoltaic system. This project focuses on lightning protection for photovoltaic system. The main objective of this project is
to investigate the effectiveness of lightning protection on photovoltaic system.
1.2 Problem Statement
Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy that is widely used nowadays. Solar energy is an alternative solution to overcome fossil fuel crisis. It is come from radiation of sun coming
to earth in a day[1]. Photovoltaic PV is a term that refers to convert solar energy that come from sun to electrical energy by solar cell. The research of photovoltaic system is very useful
and relevance nowadays. To generate electricity in large amount, solar cell that expose to radiation of sun must be in large size. However, large size of solar cell may have a tendency to
increase the probability to be effected by lightning strike activity. Lightning strike is a natural phenomenon that caused by electric discharge in the atmosphere. Lightning produce very high
voltage that can damage photovoltaic system by creating the streamer from sharp edges or the around the corner. Furthermore, the lightning strike can induce the unwanted signal that may
propagating the radiation electric field through the solar panel and pass the unwanted current to the electrical system. For that reason, lightning protection on photovoltaic system is very
important to avoid the effect of the strike damaging the photovoltaic system. This thesis is purposely to study the propagation effect of the induce voltage to the solar panel by the
horizontal discharge which produced by 1.250µs lightning wave shape. This lightning wave shape is generated by the impulse generator in FKE’s HV lab. The results from experiments
were used to observe and to investigate the characteristics of unwanted signal that couple to the solar panel system.
1.3 Objective
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