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is to make the whole system work well—from villages and cities to the national level; and with good participation by private sector and civil society organizations as well as government.
The opportunity truly is to set a new path for coastal resource management based on sustainability criteria and on a new working relationship between people and government at all levels. It would be wrong to think
that such change could be fully implemented in only a few years—it will take decades. But the directions can be set, perhaps quickly.
Ten main recommendations are set out below. Some additional detailed recommendations also have been included on specific programs and topics. It is important to note that the recommendations laid out here are
not repeated in the main text of the report. Therefore, the reader may wish to refer to this section while reading Chapters 3 and 4.
Main Recommendations 1.
Extend the project at a funding level at least equivalent to present expenditures. Two years is
too short for full impact. A five year horizon is better, with activities planned for the first two years. It is important to avoid any gap between the end of the current activities in June 2003 and the start-up of a
follow-on project. In general terms, the extension should focus attention on at least some of the future opportunities noted, but avoid trying to be all things to all people. There are five key points to keep in mind
in considering the character of activities:
• Continue a mix of local, regional and national efforts, taking an adaptive management approach in setting objectives.
• Adopt a catalytic, brokering, and facilitating role for CRMP. • Foster effective collaboration with other USAID projects.
• Engage more closely with other donors to scale up and replicate CRM experiences. • Introduce economic benefits and poverty reduction objectives into CRMP.
2. Help make the whole system for coastal resource management work well. Enabling
frameworks are beginning to be put in place nationally by government so that full value can be obtained in the future from the many emerging coastal management efforts involving local communities, districts and
provinces. There are several ways in which this effort could be assisted by CRMP.
• Continue to support coastal zone policy development needs wherever they are needed, but especially within the national government.
• Help make the Sea Partnership Program become a flagship effort for decentralized technical and financial support system for CRM, building capacity and utilizing local universities to provide better
inputs within their regions. • Assist with policy advice concerning implementation of national legislation for integrated marine and
coastal management if such legislation is adopted. • Strengthen two flagship systems of decentralized coastal management North Sulawesi and East
Kalimantan by helping to build vertical linkages between local regional and national systems. • Assist with public finance expertise to seek opportunities to rapidly improve funding for sustainable
coastal resource and community development. This could be started immediately in North Sulawesi, where there is an urgent need to develop a province-wide effort to mobilize financial resources for
coastal management both within the province and via national sources.
3. Scale-up by promoting successful models rather than funding scaling-up initiatives directly.
CRMP should not take on replication directly. The project should promote successful models with government and with other donors interested in coastal management rather than take on scaling-up via
project funds. This approach will help to build strong Indonesian ownership and demonstrated commitment to the future financial needs of sustainable coastal resource use. Several additional considerations:
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• Activities should be strategic and maintain innovation. There is no “cookie-cutter” approach that can be applied well in all locations. This point needs to be made in promoting models developed by
CRMP. An important part of the project’s success has been its adaptive approach. • It is unlikely that the intensity of effort required in the early stages in North Sulawesi Anchor
communities could be sustained in government or donor-sponsored programs. This point needs to be addressed when these models are promoted.
• A key area where scaling up has started is in Likupang, North Sulawesi. The activities there require a realistic assessment about what can be accomplished with less CRMP involvement in the future. It
would be most difficult to suddenly withdraw support for work started in this past year. • Scaling-up involves a whole range of locations and activities started under CRMP. Those models
identified as being of particular importance include: village level initiatives such as marine sanctuaries coupled to best practices for sustainable fisheries and ecosystem conservation; local integrated
planning and institutional mechanisms exemplified by the Balikpapan Bay Council and Management Plan; coastal resource atlases and their utilization for management and budgeting as exemplified by the
Lampung Coastal Resource Management Plan; local, district, and provincial legislation, regulations, directives and ordinances; coastal resource centers and technical activities as exemplified by work
started through IPB and INCUNE.
4. Add economic dimensions. As stressed throughout this assessment, coastal conservation will
