SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK USED BY THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF HOTEL ACCOMODATION PROGRAM AT SMKN 3 MALANG

SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK USED BY

THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF HOTEL ACCOMODATION

PROGRAM AT SMKN 3 MALANG

THESIS

MUHAMMAD RIZKY MAULIDANI 09360179

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

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SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK USED BY

THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF HOTEL ACCOMODATION

PROGRAM AT SMKN 3 MALANG

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to

achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

MUHAMMAD RIZKY MAULIDANI 09360179

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

This thesis written by Muhammad Rizky Maulidani was approved on April 30, 2014.

By:

Advisor II, Advisor I,

iii

This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

on April 30, 2014

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M.Kes.

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Bayu Hendro Wicaksono, S.Pd, M.Ed, Ph.D 1. ……….

2. Riski Lestiono, S.Pd, M.A 2. ……….

3. Drs. Jarum, M.Ed 3. ……….

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

نْيرباصلا عم ه نإ ةاصلا رْبصلاب ا ْ نْيعتْسا ا نمآ نْيذلا ا يأ اي

“Oh you who believe!

Seek help with patient perseverance and prayer,

for Allah is with those who patiently preserve”

(Q.S. Al-Baqarah: 153).

*If you believe in what you are doing, then let nothing hold you up in

your work. Much of the best work of the world has been done against

seeming impossibilities* -Dale Carnegie-

I dedicated this thesis to:

My beloved parents,

My family,

And my friends,

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

All praises due to Allah, The Merciful and Beneficent Because of his blessing and affection to complete this thesis. Peace and salutation always be upon our prophet Muhammmad SAW who had guided us from the darkness to the lightness.

In arranging this thesis, a lot of people have provided motivation, advice, support, and help the researcher. He aims to express his gratitude and appreciation to all of them.

First, the researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude to Drs. Jarum, M.Ed as his first advisor who has given advice, correction, and taught him about discipline. Then to his second advisor Mr. Khairudin S.Pd, M.Pd who have spent a lot of time to help him patiently finishing this thesis by giving valuable guidance, advice, correction, and suggestion during the completion of this thesis. The researcher has great admiration and respect for them.

Second, his sincere gratitude and appreciation are also extended to the chief of English teacher at SMKN 3 Malang, Mrs. Purwanti, who had been willing to give advice, useful knowledge, and provide the information about Tourism Vocational High School Curriculum and English syllabus in SMKN 3 Malang.

Third, his special thanks goes to his beloved mother (Rabiatul Adawiyah), father (Zulkifli Lubis), his sibling (Muhammad Faiq Naufal) who always give him great motivation, love and both spiritual and financial supports.

The last, the researcher also would like to give his thanks to his best friend (Kasem Datoh), his gym and swimming tutor (Erry Mega Herlambang), Akik 16

Nur, Mas Ali, kak Oggy, mas Anas ‘Caleg’, et al) and Front Office staff of IRO

(Cicil, Hilda, Iwan, Devi, Jojo, and Wiwik) for their affection, encouragement, and help. Thanks for cheerful days and togetherness we had.

Finally, the researcher hopes that this thesis will be useful for the readers. Amin.

Malang, April 2014

vii

SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK USED BY THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF HOTEL ACCOMODATION PROGRAM AT

SMKN 3 MALANG ABSTRACT

Textbook is one of the important factors determining the success of learning. John (2001:23) stated that majority of teachers use a textbook as their principal curriculum guide and source of lesson, so textbook can support what teacher explains to the students in teaching learning process. Tourism Vocational High School students basically work closely with many tourists from many countries when they practice in the real job such as a tourism guide or a hotel server. The students are demanded to have a good speaking ability to enable them to communicate with their customer from foreign country. Therefore, speaking skill has become the primary task for students who study in Tourism Vocational High School.

The researcher is interested in analyzing the speaking activities in the English textbook used by second grade students of Hotel Accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang. In detail, this study attempted to investigate 1) the materials in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second grade students in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang and 2) its appropriateness with the Hotel Accommodation program curriculum. The purpose of this study is to know the materials of speaking activities in the textbook used by second year students of Hotel Accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang and investigate its appropriateness with the English curriculum. The object of this study is English textbook “Get Along

with English for Vocational High School Grade XI Elementary Level” published by Erlangga since the textbook is used by the English teacher in the Hotel Accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang. In analyzing the data, this research used descriptive research design because it focused on finding and interpreting the speaking activities on the textbook instead of counting the statistics. The data were obtained in by documents and interview.

Based on the data analysis, several conclusions can be drawn as follow: (1) The textbook consists of twenty one activities that contains practicing dialogue and answering question, arranging and practicing the dialogue, creating sentence based on picture, and answering question orally (2) A. Standard of competence and basic competence in the textbook are appropriate with the standard of competence and basic competence of Hotel Accommodation program for English subject in SMKN 3 Malang. B. The speaking activity’s material in the textbook are appropriate with the

speaking activity’s material in the English syllabus and also fulfills the standard

competence, basic competence, and achievement indicators of Hotel Accommodation program curriculum in SMKN 3 Malang.

Key words: Teaching learning activity, Speaking skill,Textbook.

Advisor 1, Researcher,

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ... i

APPROVAL ... ii

LEGALIZATION ... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

ABSTRACT ... vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... viii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem ... 5

1.3 Purpose of Study ... 5

1.4 Significance of Study ... 6

1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 6

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ... 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 8

2.1 Textbook ... 8

2.2 The Role of Textbook ... 9

2.3 Criteria of A Good Textbook ... 11

2.4 Textbook Evaluation ... 12

2.5 Speaking Skill ... 13

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2.6 Teaching Learning Activities ... 19

2.6.1 Listening Activities ... 20

2.6.2 Reading Activities ... 20

2.5.1 Writing Activities ... 21

2.5.1 Speaking Activities ... 21

2.7 Teaching English in Vocational High School ... 23

2.7.1 The Basic Competence of English Teaching in Vocational High School ... 24

2.7.2 Standard Competence of English Speaking At SMKN 3 Malang ... 25

2.8 The Textbook Used in SMKN 3 Malang ... 26

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 27

3.1 Research Design... 27

3.2 Object of the Study ... 28

3.3 Research Instrument... 28

3.3.1. Documents ... 29

3.3.2 Interview guide ... 29

3.4 Data Collection ... 30

3.5 Data Analysis ... 31

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 32

4.1 Findings ... 32

4.1.1.1 Practicing Dialogue and Answering Questions... 35

4.1.1.2 Arranging and Practicing Dialogue ... 52

4.1.1.3 Creating Sentences Based on Pictures ... 53

4.1.1.4Answering Questions Orally ... 54

4.1.2 The Appropriateness of the material in Teaching Activities of Speaking Skill in “Get Along with English for Vocational High School Grade XI Elementary Level” textbook Published by Erlangga with Hotel Accommodation Program Curriculum in SMKN 3 Malang... .... .55

4.2 Discussion ... 61

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ... 63

5.1 Conclusion ... 63

5.2 Suggestions ... 65

BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 66 APPENDIX I

xi

_REFERENCES

Agustina, Mira. 2013. The Eligibility of the Content of English Textbook Used by First Grade of Tourism Department at Vocational High School 2 Malang. Unpublised Thesis Graduate program in English Department of Teaching Faculty of Training and Education. UMM

Arikunto, Suharsami. 2002. Prosedur Penelitian, Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Jakarta: PT. Asdi Mahasatya.

Ary, Donald, et al. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education; 8th Edition. Canada: Wadsworth.

Brown, H. Douglas. 2007. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching; Fifth Edition. San Francisco State University: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. BSNP. 2010. Paradigma Pendidikan Nasional Abad XXI. Jakarta: Departemen

Pendidikan Nasional.

Donough, Mc. 2003. Materials and Methods in ELT. New York: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Fulcher, Gleen. 2003. Testing Second Language Speaking. Great Britain: Pearson Longman.

Kurniasari, Arianti. 2009. An Analysis Teaching Learning Activities of Speaking Skill in English Textbook for Second Year Junior High School Based on the 2006 English Curriculum.Unpublished Thesis Graduate program in English Department of Teaching Faculty of Training and Education. UMM

Mas’udi, et al. 2004. Microteaching (Praktek Pengajaran). Materi Kuliah Program S-1. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Muljono, Pudji. 2010. Kegiatan Penilaian Buku Teks Pelajaran Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Naskah Akademik Penilaian Buku Teks Pelajaran. NP.

Muslich, Masnur. 2010. Textbook Writing: Dasar-Dasar Pemahaman, Penulisan, dan Pemakaian Buku Teks. Jogjakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media.

Polit, Denise F, et al. 2003. Nursing Research (Principles and Methods). Seventh Edition.

Richard, Jack C. 2001. Curriculum Development in Language Teaching. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Rima. 2011. The Analysis of the English Textbook Used at SMAN 5 Malang. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: FS. Universitas Negeri Malang.

St. John, M. (2001). The Status of High School Science Programs and Curriculum Decision-Making. Inverness, CA: Inverness Research Associates.

Ur, Penny. 2003. A Course in Language Teaching. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.

(http://www.monroecollege.edu/academicresources/ebooks/9781111532406_lores_p0 1_ch03.pdf downloaded at March 8, 2014)

(http://search.4shared.com/q/1/silabusbahasaInggrissmk downloaded at January 24, 2014)

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter of the research presents such topics as: background one of the study, statement of the problems, purposes of the study, significances of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of key terms.

1.1Background of Study

Teaching is a part of learning. Teaching is guiding and facilitating learning, enabling the learner to learn, setting the condition for learning. Brown (2007:7) stated that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge and causing to know or understand. He also defined learning as acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study experience, or instruction.

Teaching English can not be separated from the four skills of listening, writing, reading, and speaking. Listening is one of English skills that focuses on hearing to comprehend what the speaker says. It helps us to recognize the appropriate sound in pronouncing a certain word. The next is writing, it is a process of delivering information in a text form. In this case, the students practice to state the idea or information in written form. Another skill is reading that makes us able to get a lot of information what we read. The last is speaking which becomes an important part of

English besides the other skills. Speaking is the basic communication that is used to express our idea. The students are considered good in mastering English if they can speak fluently. Therefore, both students and teacher must give attention to speaking.

Vocational high school is the school that needs more practical activity rather than the theoritical one because vocational high schools have a special program that is different from senior high school that is the job training program. Here the students try to practice in some resorts or companies directly. According to the guidance of development for vocational high school (2002), the development of vocational high school (SMK) is oriented in preparing the human resource (employee) who has good skill and ready to compete in globalization era. Therefore, vocational high school is designed to produce and to prepare the students to be ready with the job on the real world by equipping students with many skills and competencies. From the reason above, the students of vocational high school must have good skill and good specific competence to prepare them with the real job.

Basically, tourism school such as SMKN 3 Tourism Vocational High School Malang will work closely with many tourists from many countries when they practice in the real job, for example as a tourism guide, a hotel and restaurant server, etc. The students who study in tourism vocational high school are demanded to have a good speaking ability to enable them to communicate with their customer from foreign countries, so speaking practice has to be the primary task for students who study in tourism vocational high school.

3

In the mastery of speaking skill, students must have high motivation and courage to speak. If students do not learn how to speak or do not get a chance to speak in the language class, they will soon get de-motivated and lose interest in learning. So, it is important to give students as many opportunities as possible to speak. That is why in the class the teacher use more practice than theory. The students need to do more activities especially speaking activity.

There are three reasons why speaking activity should be given to the students. The first is rehearsal; speaking activities should be designed to give the students motivation to rehearse. The second is feedback. A teacher has to design tasks that can make students try to use all of the target language they have already known, for this may offer feedback for both the teacher and the students. The last is engagement. Speaking activities should be enjoyable and give high motivation to students.

Many factors influence the success of learning in classroom. These factors are learners, the teacher, the method and the material (textbook), the facilities, and the environment. From the statement above, it can be assumed that textbook is one of the important factors determining the success of learning. Textbook is the media in teaching and learning process. Textbook can support what teachers explain to the students. John (2001; 23) states, “A majority of teachers use a textbook as their principal curriculum guide and source of lesson”.

English textbook is the main factor that can be used to gain the success of teaching learning activity. Textbook has been playing an important role in teaching

learning process in the classroom. The first role is as student’s motivator. The pictures, maps and the color of the papers that contain in the textbook make the students more interested in learning. It gives the students imagination about something that they will be to learn. The next role is that the textbook can be used to organize instruction. It helps the teachers when they organize instruction by providing common reading experience, suggested activities, recomended reading and question. By using textbook, the teachers will teach the students continually and regularly. The last is the textbook as a basic source of information in English classes. The textbook makes the teachers save the time in teaching because the source of material is ready available.

The information above is based on the theoretical consideration. Empirically the study about textbook has been carried by Arianti (2009). She analyzed teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second year junior high school based on the 2006 English curriculum. She used descriptive research design. The sample of this research are books entitled; 1) The bridge English Competence published by Yudhistira, 2) English on Sky 2 published by Erlangga, and 3) English In Action published by pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. The result of this research show that the teaching learning activities of speaking in The Bridge English Competence are dialogue/conversation, arranging and practicing the dialogue, completing and practicing the dialogue, answering questions, retelling, making questions and answer, making sentence orally, repetition, role-play, taking turn, oral report, discussion, and reading aloud. Then in English On Sky 2, there are dialogue/conversation, arranging the sentence/ jumble conversation and practicing,

5

completing and practicing the dialogue, mime story, describing, retelling, discussion, game, saying the words, making question and answering, repetition, telling story/ experience, taking turn, constructing a monolog, reporting, interview, and reading aloud. And in English in Action, there are dialogue/conversation, completing and practicing the dialogue, answering, telling story/ experience, saying aloud/ reading aloud, retelling, and responding.

Based on the statement above, the writer is interested in analysing the teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook that is used by second grade students in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang and its appropriateness to the student’s program.

1.2Statement of Problem

Based on the background of the study, the researcher intends to investigate the problem, formulated as:

1. What are the materials in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second grade students in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang?

2. How is the appropriateness of the material in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook with the hotel accommodation program curriculum in SMKN 3 Malang?

1.3Purpose of Study

1. To describe the materials in the teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second grade student in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang.

2. To know the appropriateness of the material in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook with the hotel accommodation program curriculum in SMKN 3 Malang.

1.4Significance of Study

It is hoped that this research can contribute some ideas, concepts or information to the English teacher at Vocational High School and researcher.

For English teacher, they can evaluate, select, and determine the appropriate teaching material from good textbook, so they can maintain their good teaching such as improving knowledge about English and varying their techniques of teaching and source of material.

Furthermore, the result of this study is also expected to give something meaningful to the other researchers. They can take some information or data when they need references or material related to the English textbook for SMK especially tourism vocational high school from this research.

1.5Scope and Limitation

This study is focused on the analysis of teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook used by hotel accommodation program students in Vocational High School and its appropriateness to their program. Meanwhile, this study is only limited to the second grade English textbook for hotel accommodation program at SMK 3 Malang.

7 1.6Definition of Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding, the writer makes definition of key terms as follows: 1. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something,

giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2007)

2. Learning is acquiring or getting of a subject or a skill by study experience, or instruction (Brown, 2007)

3. Activity is a combination of action and theoritical understanding

4. Speaking is the verbal use of language to communicate with others (Fulcher, 2003)

5. Textbook is a book used as a standard work for the study of a particular subject (Oxford dictionary)

6. English Textbook is units of instructional materials composed in the form of a book which is written in English and prepared for teaching and learning activity

7. SMK or Vocational High School is one of educational institutions that one of their orientations is to prepare the students to the work field.

8. Hotel Accommodation Program is one of the tourism programs in SMKN 3 Malang

English besides the other skills. Speaking is the basic communication that is used to express our idea. The students are considered good in mastering English if they can speak fluently. Therefore, both students and teacher must give attention to speaking.

Vocational high school is the school that needs more practical activity rather than the theoritical one because vocational high schools have a special program that is different from senior high school that is the job training program. Here the students try to practice in some resorts or companies directly. According to the guidance of development for vocational high school (2002), the development of vocational high school (SMK) is oriented in preparing the human resource (employee) who has good skill and ready to compete in globalization era. Therefore, vocational high school is designed to produce and to prepare the students to be ready with the job on the real world by equipping students with many skills and competencies. From the reason above, the students of vocational high school must have good skill and good specific competence to prepare them with the real job.

Basically, tourism school such as SMKN 3 Tourism Vocational High School Malang will work closely with many tourists from many countries when they practice in the real job, for example as a tourism guide, a hotel and restaurant server, etc. The students who study in tourism vocational high school are demanded to have a good speaking ability to enable them to communicate with their customer from foreign countries, so speaking practice has to be the primary task for students who study in tourism vocational high school.

In the mastery of speaking skill, students must have high motivation and courage to speak. If students do not learn how to speak or do not get a chance to speak in the language class, they will soon get de-motivated and lose interest in learning. So, it is important to give students as many opportunities as possible to speak. That is why in the class the teacher use more practice than theory. The students need to do more activities especially speaking activity.

There are three reasons why speaking activity should be given to the students. The first is rehearsal; speaking activities should be designed to give the students motivation to rehearse. The second is feedback. A teacher has to design tasks that can make students try to use all of the target language they have already known, for this may offer feedback for both the teacher and the students. The last is engagement. Speaking activities should be enjoyable and give high motivation to students.

Many factors influence the success of learning in classroom. These factors are learners, the teacher, the method and the material (textbook), the facilities, and the environment. From the statement above, it can be assumed that textbook is one of the important factors determining the success of learning. Textbook is the media in teaching and learning process. Textbook can support what teachers explain to the students. John (2001; 23) states, “A majority of teachers use a textbook as their principal curriculum guide and source of lesson”.

English textbook is the main factor that can be used to gain the success of teaching learning activity. Textbook has been playing an important role in teaching

learning process in the classroom. The first role is as student’s motivator. The pictures, maps and the color of the papers that contain in the textbook make the students more interested in learning. It gives the students imagination about something that they will be to learn. The next role is that the textbook can be used to organize instruction. It helps the teachers when they organize instruction by providing common reading experience, suggested activities, recomended reading and question. By using textbook, the teachers will teach the students continually and regularly. The last is the textbook as a basic source of information in English classes. The textbook makes the teachers save the time in teaching because the source of material is ready available.

The information above is based on the theoretical consideration. Empirically the study about textbook has been carried by Arianti (2009). She analyzed teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second year junior high school based on the 2006 English curriculum. She used descriptive research design. The sample of this research are books entitled; 1) The bridge English Competence published by Yudhistira, 2) English on Sky 2 published by Erlangga, and 3) English In Action published by pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. The result of this research show that the teaching learning activities of speaking in The Bridge English Competence are dialogue/conversation, arranging and practicing the dialogue, completing and practicing the dialogue, answering questions, retelling, making questions and answer, making sentence orally, repetition, role-play, taking turn, oral report, discussion, and reading aloud. Then in English On Sky 2, there are

completing and practicing the dialogue, mime story, describing, retelling, discussion, game, saying the words, making question and answering, repetition, telling story/ experience, taking turn, constructing a monolog, reporting, interview, and reading aloud. And in English in Action, there are dialogue/conversation, completing and practicing the dialogue, answering, telling story/ experience, saying aloud/ reading aloud, retelling, and responding.

Based on the statement above, the writer is interested in analysing the teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook that is used by second grade students in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang and its appropriateness to the student’s program.

1.2Statement of Problem

Based on the background of the study, the researcher intends to investigate the problem, formulated as:

1. What are the materials in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second grade students in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang?

2. How is the appropriateness of the material in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook with the hotel accommodation program curriculum in SMKN 3 Malang?

1.3Purpose of Study

1. To describe the materials in the teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second grade student in hotel accommodation program at SMKN 3 Malang.

2. To know the appropriateness of the material in teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook with the hotel accommodation program curriculum in SMKN 3 Malang.

1.4Significance of Study

It is hoped that this research can contribute some ideas, concepts or information to the English teacher at Vocational High School and researcher.

For English teacher, they can evaluate, select, and determine the appropriate teaching material from good textbook, so they can maintain their good teaching such as improving knowledge about English and varying their techniques of teaching and source of material.

Furthermore, the result of this study is also expected to give something meaningful to the other researchers. They can take some information or data when they need references or material related to the English textbook for SMK especially tourism vocational high school from this research.

1.5Scope and Limitation

This study is focused on the analysis of teaching learning activities of speaking skill in English textbook used by hotel accommodation program students in Vocational High School and its appropriateness to their program. Meanwhile, this study is only limited to the second grade English textbook for

1.6Definition of Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding, the writer makes definition of key terms as follows: 1. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something,

giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2007)

2. Learning is acquiring or getting of a subject or a skill by study experience, or instruction (Brown, 2007)

3. Activity is a combination of action and theoritical understanding

4. Speaking is the verbal use of language to communicate with others (Fulcher, 2003)

5. Textbook is a book used as a standard work for the study of a particular subject (Oxford dictionary)

6. English Textbook is units of instructional materials composed in the form of a book which is written in English and prepared for teaching and learning activity

7. SMK or Vocational High School is one of educational institutions that one of their orientations is to prepare the students to the work field.

8. Hotel Accommodation Program is one of the tourism programs in SMKN 3 Malang