Speech - Curation and Management of Cultural Heritage through Libraries

Curation and Management of Cultural Heritage through Libraries 276 Damage caused insects are not able return again irreversible. Biota will eat or perforated script or paper so it cannot revert to its original position. Based on table above total amount of damage pretty much bigger as 43 more contributed to newspapers in years before 1980. These are because insect like and attacked old collection than new age. Signs of termites and cockroaches not occur on that paper type. High temperatures and lack of moisture on 8th and 9 th floor top floor make unaffordable condition to both insects that environment. Applying clean and hygienic environment program with regular checks system is the best practice to prevent insect attack. Fragility Rate on Newspaper Collection Due to bad environment, air pollution, biota and acidity establish main enemy on newsprint which is fragility. It is identical or equivalent to acidity also. Fragile paper usually acidic pH 7, while not necessarily acidic paper is brittle but at the time that collections will become brittle too. Adcock 1998, said that when cellulose already oxidized, acid will be formed, subsequent hydrolysis cause catalysis reaction. Polymeric materials such as adhesives and plastics will oxidize so that chemistry changes lead brittleness and discoloration. Oxidation can also caused by presence of impurities or pollutants in atmosphere. By looking at chart below, can be said that there is relationship between fragility of collection to the age where older paper is higher level of vulnerability. From the graph above level of fragility emerged in under 1800s reach 71, while for collection year above young has average of 10 - 30 and is heading towards increase fragility. Newspaper with relatively young age actually internal talent to leads fragility because paper quality and ink are poor. These condition will make a catalyzed bullying reaction when lack of environmental conditions and bad proper care. Graph 4. Percentage of damage to newspapers because biota