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BAB III METHODOLOGY
The research methodologies are divided into several parts, the first is the object of the study. The second presents the sources of data. The third presents the type of
data. The fourth explains the technique of collecting data. The fifth explains the technique of analyzing data.
3.1 Object of the study
Into the Wild is a novel written by Jon Krakauer is an autobiography of the
young adventurer and nonconformist Christopher McCandless. Written in 1992, Krakauer describes the events that led to the discovery of McCandless body in the
Alaskan outback. The novel explores McCandless upbringing, his decisions that led to his desire to leave society and go into the wild and ultimately tries to make
sense of how McCandless ended up being found dead in an abandoned bus in
Alaska.
3.2 Sources of Data
Arikunto 2002:106 states that data source was a subject where we can get the data. The sources of data in this research are: A novel of “Into the Wild” by Jon
Krakauer itself. The data will be the form of script and, the quotations which they are supporting each other as a whole form of the novel “ into the wild” which
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added by internet articles about backpacking, Modern life and other relevant articles related to the subject, Also Dictionary, PC Encyclopedia: Encarta and
Britannica Encyclopedia and other written references.
3.3 Type of Data
I categorize the data into two kinds; primary data and secondary data. Primary data are gained from the object of the study; a novel entitled “Into the Wild”
which is written by Jon Krakauer. The data are in the form of dialogue and quotes which are found in the movie. The secondary data are found in various
text books, internet, PC Encyclopedia, and dictionary that have relation with the topic of the study.
3.4 Techniques of collecting data
The data of the research are collected in the following steps: 3.4.1
Reading Reading the novel entitled into the wild many times in order to
have a deep understanding of the story along with its context clearly. The processes of reading here, the function just as
synchronize take original dialogue spoken by the characters actions and the time when the action happened in the movie.
Furthermore, this process is done to get deeper ideas which are related to the topic.
3.4.2 Data Identifying and Marking
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Identifying the implicit and explicit meanings which have relation with the topic, I use several steps. They
are: a.
Marking underlining, bracketing b.
Numbering c.
Inventorying Inventorying the term which will be analyzed by using
the table below, those inventoried data can be seen in the Appendix A, for example;
Table 1
3.4.3 Analyzing Analyze the sociology and the psychology of the characters
which involved with backpacking life by several theories of sociology and psychology from the books and any articles
from media such as: newspaper, magazine and internet.
No The Datum DialogueQuotation Location
No. Problem
Answer Page Line
1 2
3
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3.4.4 Reporting The final step in conducting a literary analysis is reporting. Here, the data is
reported into detail analysis that will answer the research problems. The data which has been selected are reported in the appendix. If the readers want to
see the overall, they can see Appendix A. Appendix B contains a group of classified data to answer the first problem and appendix C contains a group of
classified data to answer the second problem, and appendix D contains a group of classified data to answer the third problem.
3.5. Procedures in Analyzing Data
