37
Client
Web Server User
Web Browser HTTP
Map Application Server Mapserver 4.4
Application Server PHP
MySql Database Map File
Graphical User Interface
PHP Pages, Java Script, Java Applet, and MacroMedia flash
Shape File
IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The results of this research will be shown based on these steps of research methodology.
4.1. System Architecture
Tourism Information System is a computer-based system. It works as a Client – Server network model.
Figure 4.1. Conceptual System Architecture
38
User
: Tourist and manager.
Web Server is a layered system consisting of an Application Server and
the Map Application Server. The Web Server software is Apache packet. It receives requests from the user thought the GUI and then passed to the application
or map server.
Graphical User Interface GUI
contains communications protocols allowing interaction with the Web Server and the User’s Computer. The GUI is a
set of PHP Pages, Java Script and MacroMedia Flash files.
Application Server sends requests and receives information from Mysql
database.
Map Application Server
requests .map files objects when a request is receive from the GUI. It connects to the maps file through the MapServer packet.
Mysql Database
is Database Management Software presented relational database model.
Map File .map
is a MapServer format file that can contain many different characteristics of spatial information e.g. map legend, labels, north
arrow, map attributes etc. used to build up the maps.
39
4.2. Query Work Flow
The query flow to get non-spatial and spatial data can be described as figure 4.2.
Figure 4.2. Query Workflow
4.2.1. Processes Involved when Interacting with Map Spatial Data
When the users want to interact with the available maps, Map server packet opens the .map file and works with the component specified to generate a
view of the component fitting the zoom and pan commands issued by the user. The map server reads the configuration .txt file in the same folder as the index.php
file to know how to configure the display. The final view is rendered as an image and served by the map server to the browser within the stream of HTML
commands created by Apache processing of the .php pages. The list below shows the steps with more details:
• The Users generate the requests to the Map Application Server via HTTP
on the Graphic User Interface. •
The Web Server receives requests from the User, and sends requests to Map Application server.
Non-Spatial Database
List of Objects
Spatial Database
Integrated Web-GIS
Transformation Integration
module
Query module
Return map Object id
Query Data
User request Result
User – Web browser
Query Object id
40 •
The Map Application Server load Map file. •
The Map Application Server manipulates the .map file objects within the Map Server packet using CGI function.
• The final view is rendered as an image and served by the Map Application
Server to the User computers in the Graphical User Interface.
4.2.2. Processes Involved when Accessing Non-Spatial Data
With the given layout of the Web page, the process for accessing non- spatial data may follow the following steps:
• The Users generate the requests to the Application Server via HTTP on the
Graphic User Interface. •
The Web Server receives requests from the User, and sends to Application server.
• The Application Server connects and retrieves data from MySql database.
• The Application Server processes the data and generates php files, which
will display in user computer.
41
4.3. Database Design 4.3.1. Non-Spatial Database Design
4.3.1.1. Conceptual Design
Entity relationship diagram was used to present conceptual model.
agro
PK id
name description
images video
location time
handicraft
PK id
name description
images video
location time
hotel
PK id
name address
phone fax
room class
location location
PK id
name description
images cultural
PK id
name description
images video
location time
beach
PK id
name description
images video
location time
Belong to Belong to
Belong to Belong to
Belong to Belong to
1 M
M M
M M
M M
M
1 1
1 1
1 1
history
PK id
name description
images video
location time
mountain
PK id
name description
images video
location time
park
PK id
name description
images video
location time
special
PK id
name description
images video
location time
pilgrimage
PK id
name description
images video
location time
Belong to
M 1
bank
PK id
name address
phone location
M M
Belong to Belong to
Belong to Belong to
M
1 1
1
event
PK id
name date
time location
regency description
year
Belong to
1
Figure 4.3. Non-spatial Entity Relationship Diagram Guest book and airline entity
guestbook
PK GuestId
GuestName GuestEmail
GuestMessage GuestEntry
GuestIP airline
PK id
name departure
destination time
day
42
4.3.1.2. Logical Design
Deriving from entity relation diagram, the logical model can be shown as table below.
No Entity
Attribute
1 location
id, name, description, images. 2
handicraft
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 3
beach
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 4
cultural
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 5
history
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 6
park
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 7
special
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 8
mountain
id, name, description, images, video, location, time. 9
agro
id, name, description, images, video, location, time.
10 pilgrimage id, name, description, images, video, location, time.
11 guestbook
GuestId, GuestName, GuestEmail, GuestMessage GuestEntry, GuestIP.
12 airline id, name, departure, destination, time, day.
13 bank id, name, address, phone, location.
14 event id, name, date, time, location, regency, description, year.
15 hotel id, name, address, phone, fax, room, class, location.
Table 4.1. Non-spatial Logical Design Terminology
id : identification of object.
name : name of object
43
description
: description of object
images : name of image file
video
: name of video file
location : identification of regency, used to link object with regency.
4.3.1.3. Physical Design
Physical design follows logical design. The Database Management System DBMS was used is Mysql version 4.1.9.
pilgrimage, mountain, special, park, history, cultural, beach, handicraft
are the same structure.
Entity Attribute
Type Width
id mediumint
9 name
varchar 100
description text
- images
varchar 50
video varchar
50 location
mediumint 9
pilgrimage, mountain special, park, history
cultural, beach, handicraft.
time tinyint
5 GuestId
int 11
GuestName varchar
50 GuestEmail
varchar 50
GuestMessage text -
GuestEntry date
yyyy-mm-dd
guestbook
GuestIP varchar
50 id
varchar 10
hotel
name varchar
100
44 address
varchar 200
phone varchar
20 fax
varchar 10
room varchar
6 class
varchar 10
location varchar
10 id
varchar 10
name varchar
100 description
text -
location
images varchar
20 id
varchar 5
name varchar
100 date
varchar 100
time varchar
100 location
varchar 100
regency varchar
5 description
text -
event
year varchar
10 id
varchar 5
name varchar
100 address
varchar 100
phone varchar
20
bank
location varchar
5
45 id
varchar 5
name varchar
100 departure
varchar 100
destination varchar
100 time
varchar 20
airline
day varchar
200 Table 4.2. Non-spatial Physical Design
4.3.2. Spatial Database Design 4.3.2.1. Conceptual Design
Entity relationship diagram was used to present conceptual model.
regency_boundary
PK id
Name Shape
hotel
PK Id
Name Shape
road
PK Id
Name Shape
city
PK Id
Name Shape
bank
PK Id
Name Shape
Located Located
Located Located
M M
M M
1 1
1 1
special
PK Id
Name Shape
agro
PK Id
Name Shape
park
PK Id
Name Shape
mountain
PK Id
Name Shape
Located
M 1
Located Located
Located
M 1
1
M 1
M beach
PK Id
Name Shape
Located
1 M
Figure 4.4. Spatial Entity Relationship Diagram
46
4.3.2.2. Logical Design
Deriving from entity relationship diagram, the logical model can be shown as table below.
No Entity
Attribute
1 regency_boundary
Id, Name, Shape 2
hotel
Id, Name, Shape 3
bank
Id, Name, Shape 4
city
Id, Name, Shape 5
special
Id, Name, Shape 6
mountain
Id, Name, Shape 7
agro
Id, Name, Shape 8
park
Id, Name, Shape 9
road
Id, Name, Shape 10
beach
Id, Name, Shape Table 4.3. Spatial Logical Design
4.3.2.3. Physical Design
Physical design follows logical design.
No Entity
Attribute Data type
Width
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 100
1
Regency_boundary
Shape Polygon
Id Varchar
3 2
Hotel
Name Varchar
100
47 Shape
Point Id
Varchar 3
Name Varchar
100 3
Bank
Shape Point
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 100
4
City
Shape Point
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 100
5
Special
Shape Point
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 100
6
Mountain
Shape Point
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 100
7
Agro
Shape Point
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 100
8
Park
Shape Point
Id Varchar
3 Name
Varchar 10
9
Road
Shape Line
48 Id
Varchar 3
Name Varchar
10 10
Beach
Shape Point
Table 4.4. Spatial Physical Design The GIS software to be used dictates most of the physical database design.
The structure and format of the data in a GIS, like ARCINFO™, Intergraph™, MapInfo™, System 9™, ESRI Shape, etc have already been determined by each
vendor respectively. The translation from the entity representation in the E-R diagram and
logical design to the physical design of the database in ESRI Shape for a single entity is shown in figure 21.
Figure 4.5. Physical Model in ESRI Shape Format ESRI
4.4. Setting Up Softwares and Hardware Components.
In this system, there are several softwares, which need to be set so that they can work together. The main software components of this system are
Object
Object.dbf Object.shx
Object.shp
Name Id
49 Apache, PHP, MySQL, PhpMyAdmin, MapServer. The role of each softwares
component is mentioned in table 3.4.
4.5. Implementation 4.5.1. Web User Interface
Figure 4.6. Web User Interface There are four components in web user interface: Left panel, header panel,
footer panel and content panel. •
Header panel presents the banner and the quick link to other pages. •
Footer panel presents the copyright and information of web master. •
Left panel contains the links of other pages. •
Content panel presents descriptions
4.5.2. Function of System
System provides several functions that can be accessed by users via Internet environment.
50
4.5.2.1. General Information In the left panel, by using part General Information user can obtain
information about East Java such as government, history, geography, population, and culture.
Figure 4.7. General Information in East Java
4.5.2.2. Quick Travel Planning
In fact, someone visits to East Java for other purposes not for traveling. After finishing their business, they still left some time, so they want to visit
tourism object surrounding their location. This function of system will assist tourist to decide quickly where they should visit when they dont have so much
time. Tourists select regency where they are in, what kind of tourism object they
are interested, and the time they can spend. The system assumes that tourists are in capital city of regency. The time are measured based on distance from capital
51 city of regency to tourism object. The system will produce some alternatives
based on the input of tourist. Under here is an example of processing of this
function. Tourist clicks on the link quick travel planning. The input form will
appear.
Figure 4.8. Quick Travel Planning Form Tourist selects regency, tourism object and visiting time, after that click on
search button to view the tourism object that satisfies requirements. The results will show.
Figure 4.9. Result of Travel Planning In this result panel, tourists are possible to see more information about this
tourism object and also possibly for seeing digital map.
52
If tourist clicks on link more details the new page that contains
information of this object will show up
Figure 4.10. Information of Searching Object
If tourist clicks on link Show map the new page that contains digital map
of this object will show up.
Figure 4.11. Location of Searching Object
53 In this digital map, tourist can zoom in; zoom out to see more clear
location of object. User also can click into link Print Map to print map.
Figure 4.12. Map Layout
4.5.2.3. Tourism Information
This function of system provides information of each kind of tourism object such as beach marine, mountain, history, agro-tourism, culture, park,
special object, pilgrimage, and handicraft. Under here is an example of exploration to marine beach tourism in East
Java. Clinking on link marine beach, the new page will display which contains information about marine and beach tourism object.
54 Figure 4.13. Marine and Beach Tourism Object
In this page, tourist can see information of each tourism beach in East Java. Tourist is possible to see the beach by regency.
4.5.2.4. Tourism Digital Map
This function provides online map with some tools that can help tourist easily to extract information from map.
Figure 4.14. Online Map Interface in HTML Mode
55 This online digital map contains all components of standard map such as
legend, scale bar, key map, and map view. Moreover, it has some map tools to enhance capability of map. With this online map, visitor can zoom in; zoom out
map. It is also possible for querying by point or by rectangle. There are two modes for map tool: Java mode and HTML mode. The
figure 29 represents online map in HTML mode. In HTML mode user cannot zoom in by rectangle, and also cannot query many features in the same time. This
mode will be used when computer that tourist uses doesnt install Java platform. So in HTML mode, users dont need to install any additional software in order to
show the map.
Figure 4.15. Online Map Interface in Java Mode In Java mode, the java platform is required to be installed before showing
the map. Using Java mode, user can zoom in by rectangle, query by rectangle.
56 Online map also provides function for search object. By clicking on this icon
, the search object form will appear.
Figure 4.16. Search Object Form User selects the object and the name to search. When the button
ShowMap
was clicked. The map of location of this object will show up. The searching object will be highlighted by red color.
Figure 4.17. Search Object Map
57 If user want to know information about this object, that click on link Show
Information. The system provides help by clicking on button to get
information how to use this online map.
4.5.2.5. Tourism Facility
This function provides information of services and accommodation such as tourism office, hotel, travel agency, flight schedule, train schedule, and bank
moneychanger. For example, if tourists are looking for the hotel, just simply click
on link Hotels. The hotel search form will appear.
Figure 4.18. Hotel Search Form Selecting regency and class of hotel, tourist will find out the hotel that they need.
Figure 4.19. Hotel Search Result
Tourist want to know the location of these hotels, just simply click on Show map.
58 Figure 4.20. Location of Hotel
4.5.2.6. Guest Book
In the header panel, there is a link to guest book page. This page was created to get responses from user.
Figure 4.21. Guest Book Interface
59
4.6. System Testing
This system was tested in local computer running in Window XP platform. This computer was configured in both client and server. These performances are
very fast because it is running as standalone application. After testing in local host, this system was uploaded into Internet to see the performance of the real
Web-Based GIS application. The accessing speed is not as fast as when it runs in standalone mode but it is acceptable with high speed Internet connection.
4.7. Discussion
