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THE INFLUENCE OF REALISM
IN JOHN STEINBECK’S CANNERY ROW
THESIS
ISHOMUDDIN
000110101136
UNIVERSITY OF JEMBER
FACULTY OF LETTERS
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
2006
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ABSTRACT
One of literary characteristic is reciprocal. It means literature and society has
strong relation. The both influence each other. Literature is a fiction and society is a
social reality. Commonly, the author takes the phenomena happen in society as the
material to create literary work.
This thesis tells about the influence of realism in John Steinbeck’s Cannery
Row. As literary term, realism is “a theory of writing in which the familiar, ordinary
aspects of life are depicted in a matter of fact, straight forward manner designed to
reflect life as it actually is (Shaw, 1972: 315-316).” Shaw also says that, “realism
means treatment of subject matter in a way that presents careful descriptions of
everyday life, often the lives of so-called middle or lower classes.” Furthermore,
realism insists on accurate documentation, sociological insight, an accumulation of
the details of material fact, an avoidance of poetic diction, idealization, exaggeration,
melodrama, etc…. (Drabble, 1995: 824).
Meanwhile Cannery Row is an example of realistic work. In other word, it is
influenced by realism in his technique of writing. John Steinbeck is an author that
applies realism as his perspective in treatment of social reality. Almost of his work is
realistic. As we know, Steinbeck is an author that works in modernism era.
Modernism is a literary period inspired by realism and naturalism. Modernism shares
with realism and naturalism the conviction that literary work should describe social
reality.
There are some indications of realism influence in Cannery Row. They are
setting of places, people character, and historical event in Depression 1930s in United
States of America (USA). Steinbeck tries to describe setting of places of Monterey
City, California, USA, and other places located in there. In giving characters in the
novel, he is inspired by people who have relation with him. Beside that, he also tries
to reflect people sorrow because of Depression 1930s through some of sub-story in
the novel.
From the explanation above, it proves that realism –as literary term- gives quite
attention on the portrayal of real fact in literature. Even though a literary work is
realistic or it practices realism in its portrayal, it remains a fiction. It is sure that the
author also uses his/her imagination and creativity in creating literary work. But, at
least, the realistic work quite contains factual phenomena in a certain part. Thus, the
reader can search and find out social reality inspires the work.
But, although a literary work is very realistic or naturalistic, it remains a fiction.
This dilemma insists the readers to maintain the equilibrium and suspense between
social reality inspires the work and reality in the fiction (Teeuw, 1988:236).
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THE INFLUENCE OF REALISM
IN JOHN STEINBECK’S CANNERY ROW
THESIS
ISHOMUDDIN
000110101136
UNIVERSITY OF JEMBER
FACULTY OF LETTERS
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
2006
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ABSTRACT
One of literary characteristic is reciprocal. It means literature and society has
strong relation. The both influence each other. Literature is a fiction and society is a
social reality. Commonly, the author takes the phenomena happen in society as the
material to create literary work.
This thesis tells about the influence of realism in John Steinbeck’s Cannery
Row. As literary term, realism is “a theory of writing in which the familiar, ordinary
aspects of life are depicted in a matter of fact, straight forward manner designed to
reflect life as it actually is (Shaw, 1972: 315-316).” Shaw also says that, “realism
means treatment of subject matter in a way that presents careful descriptions of
everyday life, often the lives of so-called middle or lower classes.” Furthermore,
realism insists on accurate documentation, sociological insight, an accumulation of
the details of material fact, an avoidance of poetic diction, idealization, exaggeration,
melodrama, etc…. (Drabble, 1995: 824).
Meanwhile Cannery Row is an example of realistic work. In other word, it is
influenced by realism in his technique of writing. John Steinbeck is an author that
applies realism as his perspective in treatment of social reality. Almost of his work is
realistic. As we know, Steinbeck is an author that works in modernism era.
Modernism is a literary period inspired by realism and naturalism. Modernism shares
with realism and naturalism the conviction that literary work should describe social
reality.
There are some indications of realism influence in Cannery Row. They are
setting of places, people character, and historical event in Depression 1930s in United
States of America (USA). Steinbeck tries to describe setting of places of Monterey
City, California, USA, and other places located in there. In giving characters in the
novel, he is inspired by people who have relation with him. Beside that, he also tries
to reflect people sorrow because of Depression 1930s through some of sub-story in
the novel.
From the explanation above, it proves that realism –as literary term- gives quite
attention on the portrayal of real fact in literature. Even though a literary work is
realistic or it practices realism in its portrayal, it remains a fiction. It is sure that the
author also uses his/her imagination and creativity in creating literary work. But, at
least, the realistic work quite contains factual phenomena in a certain part. Thus, the
reader can search and find out social reality inspires the work.
But, although a literary work is very realistic or naturalistic, it remains a fiction.
This dilemma insists the readers to maintain the equilibrium and suspense between
social reality inspires the work and reality in the fiction (Teeuw, 1988:236).
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