Project Background Problem Statement

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background

Figure 1.1: Solar Powered Irrigation System Figure 1.1 shows an irrigation system using solar energy as the power supply. It has 12V rechargeable battery to ensure the supply is uninterrupted during rainy, cloudy day and during the night. Solar energy is use as a power supply because the sources are free- cost, unlimited and abundant. Solar energy creates no pollution and safe to the environment. It also has many advantages compared to the other energy sources. The main advantages are the sources are renewable energy and free-cost. In addition, many researches did experiments on how to utilize the solar energy for other applications and they had discovered a lot of it such as for heating process, irrigation process and cooking. Solar ray that fall down into the atmosphere will hit the solar panel and produce electricity that will operate the charge controller to charge the rechargeable battery. Later the battery is fully charge and ready to operate when relay timer is counting down. This project will add a charge controller circuit, a relay timer and an inverter along with the original system which is rechargeable battery and a water pump.

1.2 Problem Statement

Nowadays, most of the process of power generation leads to pollution towards the environment. The common effects are acid rain, atmosphere haze, pollutes water resources and many more. It is because the power is being generated from the oil, natural gas, and coal. All this energy resource will contributes the environment pollutions whether being well process or not. In addition, this kind of energy sources is categorized as nonrenewable energy which is limited available sources. So, to overcome this pollution problem, we need to practice to use the renewable energy such as solar energy as optional energy sources. The solar energy is clean, renewable, and environment friendly. In this project, the solar energy will be use to generate electricity that drives the automatic water pump for irrigation process.

1.3 Objectives