Background of the Study

graduates are able to communicate and discourse in English at their level of literacy. Besides the four Language Skills Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing, there are secondary aspects of English language which are also important and should be mastered by students to reach communicative competence in learning English, such as grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, etc., those are called Language Component of English. According to the writer, Grammar is the most complex one. Students frequently find the difficulties in learning it, because English grammar is very different from Indonesian grammar. The majority of the students get some difficulties in making or arranging a sentence in English correctly, so the idea, which will be discussed, is not based on grammar. This problem is not only found in Elementary school but up to the university level, including the second grade students of Junior High School, whom the writer focuses in this writing. In English grammar, all the English words are divided into nine great classes. These classes are called Parts of Speech; they are article, noun, adjective, pronoun, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection. Of these, Noun is the important one, as all the others are more or less dependent upon it. A Noun is the name of a person, a place, or a thing. 5 The simple example of students‟ learning about noun is that they learn about the things in the classroom. In learning about noun, students are introduced to the singular and plural form. However, many Indonesian students get some difficulties in learning plural forms of English noun. They still do not understand and cannot apply the right rules for changing the plural form from its singular. For example, the general rule for writing the plural in English nouns is to add –s to the singular form boy-boys, apple-apples. However, this rule is only used for regular plural. For words like woman, tooth, etc., which are irregular plurals, the rule is more complicated. And so it is with the collective and peculiar nouns, which have their own rules in plural 5 Laidlaw, English, Illinois: Laidlaw Brothers Publishers, 1987, p. 56 forms. The consequence is the students will make so many mistakes in their learning. Let‟s look at the following examples of the students‟ error in making the irregular plural of noun: o There are three book. o The baby has two tooths. o Those womans work here. The italic words in two sentences above are errors in forming the plural of noun. They should be: o There are three books. o The baby has two teeth. o Those women work here. Why do those errors happen? The writer takes three possibilities of the error causes from examples above, they are: 1. The students still do not understand the rules of regular and irregular plural. Or even they cannot differentiate regular from irregular plural form Intralingual cause. 2. There is the influence of Indonesian pattern, for in Indonesian language, there is no plural form Interlingual cause 3. Less exercise about English plural. Making errors during the process of language learning is considered as a natural process. Brown said that “second language learning is a process that is clearly not unlike first language learning in its trial and errors nature.” 6 It means that the learners cannot avoid errors in learning second language . However it still cannot be neglected. The teachers should be aware of this issue and do something to avoid their students to make the same error. The errors they made should be regarded as a necessary part of learning language. One of the strategies to prevent 6 Brown, H. Douglas, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, San Francisco: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1987, p. 170 the students from making the same error is by analyzing the learner‟s errors itself. And the study of the learner‟s errors is called “Error Analysis”. It is done to identify, to describe and to explain the errors made by the learners. It can help the teacher to minimize the learner‟s errors in their learning. Based on the description above, the writer is interested in doing error analysis on the students‟ work on plural of noun. In doing this research, the writer chooses the second year students of SMP Negeri 17 Tangerang Selatan, Pamulang, TangSel. To focus on this research, the writer would like to know the students‟ mastery of plural nouns by analyzing the frequency and percentage of errors made by them. Thus, the title of this writing is “AN ANALYSIS ON THE ERRORS MADE BY THE STUDENTS IN FORMING PLURAL OF NOUNS”.

B. Limitation and Formulation of the Problem

1. Limitation of the Problem To make this study to be more effective and efficient, it is essential to limit the problem. Therefore, the writer limits the discussion of the errors of plural forms of regular and irregular noun, which is made by the second year students of SMP Negeri 17 Tangerang Selatan, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan. 2. Formulation of the Problem Based on the background of study described above, the writer is interested in analyzing the errors made by the students in forming plural of nouns. Therefore, the writer would like to formulate the problem as follows: 1. What are the errors made by second grade students at „SMPN 17 Tangerang Selatan‟ in forming plural forms of nouns? 2. What are the causes of error which made by the second grade students of „SMPN 17 Tangerang Selatan‟ in implementing plural forms of nouns?

C. Objective of the Study

This study has its objectives relating to the formulation of the problems above. The objective of this study is that the writer wants to see the errors made by the second grade students of Junior High School 17 Tangerang Selatan on English plural, and to find out the cause of errors made by them in forming plural. Therefore, this study is intended for the improvement of learners and teachers in learning and teaching English based this analysis.

D. Significance of the Study

The result of this study is expected to be useful for the students, especially for the second year students of SMP Negeri 17 Tangerang Selatan in their learning. And this study will be useful particularly for the writer herself as a candidate of English teacher to improve her mastery of English. In addition, this writing is also expected to be useful for the teachers of English in general, so they know their students‟ ability and proficiency in grammar learning, especially in plural forms of nouns. And the last, hopefully, it might be useful to the institution and the curriculum developers, which is as a feedback in evaluating and designing materials and teaching strategy in order to be better in the future. 7

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter explains the theories that are used to identify and analyze the data, which related to A Error, B Error Analysis, C Noun, and D Plural of Noun.

A. Error

Learning the second or foreign language is a process that involves the making of mistakes, and even errors. In the new system of language, learner will directly connect with such a new vocabulary, a new grammatical pattern and foreign pronunciation which are different from the learner‟s native language.

1. Definition of Error

According to Jeremy Harmer, the errors are part of the learner interlanguage that is the version of the language which a learner has at one stage of development, and which is continually reshaped as she or he aims toward full mastery. 1 Dullay defined error as “the flawed side of learner speech or writing.” 2 They are those parts of conversation or composition that deviate from 11 Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching, London: Pearson Education Limited, 2001, p. 34 2 Heidi Dulay , Marina Burt and Stephen Krashen. Language Two. Oxford: Oxford University Press.,1982, p. 138