Chapter 9. Use Cases Scenarios
84 A non-hazard scenario might address the combination of available space based
imagery and Automatic Identification System AIS messages that would allow tracking of sea ice and commercial vessels operating within the Arctic SDI area
of interest. Analysis of imagery data to track ice would allow projection of fu- ture ice movement into shipping lanes indicated by regular AIS routes. In this
use case, an agency associated with an Arctic SDI member state would request monitoring of shipping lanes in their EEZ for ice intrusion and potential in-
tersection with specified vessels through the generation of an Area of Interest AOI. To do this, the agency would request access to available government li-
censed or commercially available imagery data for a specified period. This data would be made available to the Arctic ADI either through a service interface
to an Arctic SDI provided data server. Imagery analytics would determine to number and positions of sea ice objects in the defined AOI. Subsequent imagery
collections would be processed to determine the movement, and fragmentation of ice objects, as well as the entry of new ice objects into the AOI. Projections of
travel path for ice objects may be able to be predicted. At the same time, ship track data can be requested from ExactAIS WFS services. A boundary condi-
tion for nearest approach to sea ice, or projected ice oath, could be established. Warning to specific vessels could then be generated and transmitted.
Another use of AIS data is for intrusion detection and identification into envi- ronmentally sensitive areas. An agency associated with the Arctic SDI would
request monitoring of vessel traffic intruding on an area defined as environ- mentally sensitive. The agency would define the area of interest for that region.
The Arctic SDI would request AID point reports that intersect the define area of interest. The ship identification from the AIS MMSI information and location of
the intrusion would be provided as a reporting service to the requesting agency. It would also be possible to maintain a database of all intrusions. This would
allow a generation of historic patterns of intrusion for required for action. As an extension of this use case, available commercial or government licensed satellite
imagery could be conducted to confirm the identity of the MSSI information.
9.4 Terrestrial Use Cases
It is recommended that a small number of cases crosses or overlaps multiple ju- risdictions. Here, wildlife applications particularly related to Caribou or other
Chapter 9. Use Cases Scenarios
85 important terrestrial mammals such as habitat management may be of partic-
ular interest an application focusing on aspects of the Boreal Caribou Recover Strategy for example. Applications related to emergency response and multi-
agency response could also demonstrate value. Finally, trans-boundary man- agement issues such as water sheds and cumulative impact of human induced
and naturally occurring ecosystem changes provide good cases for demonstra- tion. Those use cases could be extended with additional elements such as the
monitoring of the status of feeding areas for migratory birds, or the changes on Arctic biodiversity including the northward movement of more southern
species, shrubbing and greening of the land, etc.
9.5 Climate Change
Climate change is one of the most prominent scientific fields of research in the arctic. A typical use case would include aspects such as the monitoring of sea
level rise, including evaluation of areas that are suffering the worst impacts and the estimation of damage to infrastructure; the tracking of glacier move-
ment including the estimation of potential impact to shipping lanes or coastal infrastructure and the projection of future conditions; or the monitoring of the
status and condition of the permafrost layer, including the evaluation of impact to existing infrastructure with projections of future conditions.
9.6 Other Scenario Aspects
There are a number of aspects that are independent on the concrete scenario. Instead, they are applicable to almost all scenarios. One very important aspect
in this context is the low to no Internet bandwidth in some areas. This aspect that was mentioned several times should be addressed in at least one pilot im-
plementation scenario.
Another aspect addresses typical issues caused by cross-boundary events, e.g. a downed aircraft near an international border such as between Alaska and the
Yukon. This requires bringing together a wide variety of disparate data and cross border interoperability.
Chapter 9. Use Cases Scenarios
86 Though the focus on the first phase of the Arctic Spatial Data Pilot has been
on the North American Arctic, pan-arctic applications could be addressed in the second phase. One useful application that could be enabled through an
SDI for the Arctic are pan-Arctic ice charts. Currently, if ice charts are used in scientific studies, they need to be gathered from different agencies depending
on the study area. The various ice charts cover different areas and can have widely different data formats, file formats, and accuracies. Harmonizing the
various agencies that produce ice charts and delivering them through one tool would be a very welcome development.
Consideration should be given on how the United Nations Sustainable Devel- opment Goals apply in the Arctic region and what role the Arctic SDI can play
in meeting the Targets of the SDGs. This could be part of an OGC Pilot even in the suggested Pilot scenarios.
F
IGURE
9.1: United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
9.7 Pilot Development
