Speech Review of Related Theories

social institution; and in primitive society we may even be unable to distinguish poetry from ritual, magic, work, or play. Literature has also a social function, or ‘use,’ which cannot be purely individual Wellek Warren, 1956: 94 Here, Wellek and Warren at first acknowledge the truth about the existence of some norms that could only happen or “arise” in real-life society. They also admit that literature is sometimes subjective in addressing the society it portrays. However, Wellek and Warren note that literature represents life and life in larger measure is “a social reality.” Therefore, literature is a social reality and the society inside it can represent real-life society, making literature a “social institution” and a “social creation.” Wellek and Warren add that the poets are part of society and thus their works represent the society in which they live. Toward the assumption that literary works’ society is subjective, Wellek and Warren claim that literature has also a social function that cannot be purely individual. This means that society in literature can somewhat represent real-life society as its poet is a member of the society and the fact that a literature has a social use. Langland, in her book, also agrees with Wellek and Warren that literature or works of fiction in her terms can portray real life society. She notes Studies of society must acknowledge, then, that society is a concept and a construct in fiction… ...If society is a concept and construct in art, it is also a concept and construct in life. Society in novel does not depend on points of absolute fidelity to an outside world in details of costume, setting, and locality because a novel’s society does not aim at a faithful mirror of any concrete, existent thing. So, too, our everyday experience of society is not of a particular, existent thing. In life as in art, society emerges from patterned, formal relationship among aspects of our existence Langland, 1984: 4-5. Langland’s view of society provides interesting insight here. She states that if society is a concept and a construct in real life, it is also a concept and construct in