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CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
The writer conducts the research through a qualitative research method. The data of the research are code-switching and code-mixing in the form utterances
that consist of words, phrases, or sentences made by teachers in the classroom. The writer employs and analyzes the data. Then, he presents the method of
collecting data to collect the data. After collecting the data, he will analyze it through a brief definition suggested by Hoffman 1991:104. Finally, he reports
the result of the analysis through a technique that will be represented in the next chapter.
3.1 Research Design
The study will be held through a qualitative method to investigate natural phenomenon and the writer use a case study to get research data. This
approach is used because the data collected is in the form of utterances. Code-switching or code-mixing is in the form of utterances that consist of
words, phrases, or sentences. It is made by teachers in the classroom. They are analyzed by using the theory which is found by the linguists. Bodgan and
Taylor 1975:5 define qualitative approach is an investigation procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of spoken or written words and
utterances from the observed people or society. Crasswell 1994:9 defines Qualitative research is as interpretative research. It means the biases, values,
and judgments of the researcher become stated explicitly in the research
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report, such openness is considered to be useful and positive. According to Crasswell 1994:25, the qualitative method has assumptions. The
assumptions are: 1
Qualitative researchers are concerned primarily with the process rather than outcomes or product.
2 Qualitative researchers are interested in meaning, in how people make
sense of their lives and experiences. 3
Qualitative researchers are the primary instrument for data collection and analysis. Data are mediated through this human instrument rather
than through inventories, questionnaires, or machines. 4
Qualitative research involves fieldwork. The researcher physically goes to the people, setting, site, or institution to observe or record behavior in
its natural setting. 5
Qualitative research is descriptive in which the researcher is interested in process meaning, and understanding gained through words or
pictures. 6
The process of Qualitative research is inductive in that the researcher builds abstractions, concepts, hypotheses, and theories from detail.
Those are the descriptions on a qualitative method that is used in this research. Another point is the analysis of code-switching and code-mixing
will be really in utterances because it helps the writer to clarify whether teachers do code-switching or code-mixing in the classroom.
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The study will be undergone with qualitative or descriptive type. The data are considered as qualitative because it is in the form of utterances rather than
numbers. The qualitative method used in this research has some characteristics as follows:
1 Qualitative investigation was conducted in the real condition or
situation. 2
People as instruments of investigation mean that the researcher writer himself has a role to collect the data. He interacted with the resource of
the data to get the real data. 3
Descriptive, since the data collected are utterances, the data will be analyzed according to the words, discourses, and utterances. Moreover,
the report of investigation will contain the citation of the data to give a real description.
3.2 Object of the study
