53 How does Arnold study at home every day? Right
How does Arnold studies at home every day? Wrong
Where does Arnold study hard every day? Right Where does Arnold studies hard every day? Wrong
When does Arnold study hard at home? Right When does Arnold studies hard at home? Wrong
Bob built his own house last year. When did Bob build his own house? Right
When did Bob built his own house? Wrong
What did Bob build last year? Right What did Bob built last year? Wrong
The formula of the pronominal question can be drawn as follows. a.
b.
C. Negative Statements
How to make a negative statement is almost the same as how to make a verbal
question. In a negative statement, not is put after the auxiliary verb of the statement. If a sentence contains a finite form of be or a verb group, not is directly put after a finite form of
be or after the first element of a verb group. When a sentence does not contain a single finite form of be or a verb group, a finite form of do or did is used in a negative statement in the
simple present and the simple past. However, to make a negative statement become meaningful, it is necessary to change the verb, the object, the complement, or the adverb of
the positive sentence. Asking for Non-subject
: Question Word + Aux + S + V + OCA
Asking for Subject : Question Word + V + OCA
54 I am a teacher. I am not a student.
You are my students. You are not my teacher. I like mangoes. I do not like pineapples.
Mary’s hobby is dancing. Mary’s hobby is not swimming. I am Arnold. I am not Robert.
She studies in the morning. She does not work in the morning. Sally is in her office. Sally is not at home.
EXERCISES
Exercise 1 Change the following statements into verbal questions.
1. The lecturer feels happy about the new classroom. 2. He visited his girlfriend last Saturday night.
3. One of the artists wears an unusual costume. 4. We had already finished the job when the director came.
5. That dancing girl looks happy. Exercise 2
Change the following statements into pronominal questions which ask for the underlined
words as the answers. 01. He likes fried rice.
02. We often eat in this restaurant. 03. He always spends his money foolishly.
04. She went to Jakarta by train. 05. He can play the piano very well.
06. Her uncle owns a factory in this town. 07. Her uncle owns a factory in this town
08. My sister is studying economics. 09. My wife spends money economically.
10. The child cried because she broke her toy car.
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Exercise 3 Make tag questions based on the following statements.
1. The teacher said that there would be a test next week. 2. Carol is a beautiful student.
3. John has two new cars. 4. Paul bought a house last month.
5. I am not ugly. 6. The students have to study regularly.
7. Mother had not got up yet when I went to school this morning. 8. The workers must no be lazy.
9. Laura will continue her study next year. 10. The students will not be late again.
Exercise 4 Change the following sentences into their meaningful negative forms.
1. We are students. 2. My father is a lecturer.
3. My English teacher is Prof. Andrew. 4. The students like reading novels.
5. I always have fried chicken for my dinner.
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VERBS: TENSES
Tenses are the forms of verbs which show the time of an action or a state of being. In other words, tenses can be defined as changes of verb forms that are caused by the changes of
the time reference present: He does, We do; past: He did, We did; future: He will do, We will do. Those three tenses can be expanded in detail.
The present tense can be divided into the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous tenses. The past tense is divided into the simple past,
past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous tenses. Meanwhile the future is divided into the simple future, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect
continuous tenses. In this book, the present tense is represented by V
1
; the past tense is
represented by V
2
; the present participle is represented by V
ing
, and the past participle is
represented by V
3
.
A. PRESENT
