Significance of the Study Method of the Study

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Theoretical Framework

This chapter explains about some theories that will conduct this research. Firstly, it will present the definition of character and characterization to analyze the character of Nick in this research. This research does not only analyze Nick’s character, but also reveal the discrimination which happens in the story between two social lives Indians and white American. To analyze the short story, the study chosen character, characterization and postcolonial theory. Those theories will be explained as follows:

2.1.1 Character

Generally, every literary work has extrinsic and intrinsic elements. Extrinsic is the elements that influences the structure of storying a literary work, but it did not included inside the fiction work, such as point of view, conditions, and the author’s psychology. Beside the intrinsic is an element in fiction. It is an important part in write a story that can be a study. Character is one of intrinsic element in fiction or narrative work. It is an important element in narrative work or in a story that can be a study. Character often becomes the most important discuss than other elements Nurgiantoro: 164. According to Holman character is a brief portrayal of form from a personage who typifies some definite quality. Describing character is not as individualized personality but as an example of some vices or virtues or types 74. Before we speak about character, we have to read book which is related to character. Character is important because it is the medium for the readers to understand the whole story. Character is a person who is involved in the story. In fiction, character shows attitude and moral to what he or she does through the actions Nurgiyantoro 165. Moreover, Jacobs and Roberts say that character in literature generally, and in fiction especially, is a comprehensive verbal representation of human being, that determines thought, speech and behaviors 134. A character is a fictional representation of a person---usually but not necessarily a psychological realistic depiction. Writers may portray character through their actions, through their reactions to situations or to situations or to other characters, through their physical appearance, through their speech and gestures and expressions, and even through their name. Generally speaking, characters are developed in two ways. First, readers can be told about characters. Alternatively, a character’s personality traits and motivation may be revealed through actions, dialogue, or thoughts Erlyna 8. Gilbert H. Muller John A. Williams stated that: “Characters are people form in narratives.....yet character is also way writer: it determines how a person acts. As such, the writer must convey moral messages and motivation to the reader, so that the reader is so impressed, to the authors works”. 72.