MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE Motherhood Reflected in Veronica Roth's Divergent Novel (2011): A Feminist Perspective.
MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):
A FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
by:
DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN S.
A320130196
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2017
MOTTO
Life is Choice and Simple.
(Prof. Endang Fauziati)
Berusaha itu harus diimbangi dengan ikhtiar dan doa, karena tanpa itu semuanya akan
menjadi sia-sia dengan begitu saja.
(Devica Hps)
v
DEDICATION
The research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT “The lord of everything”
My beloved parents ‘Mr. Soeratno (Alm)’ and ‘Mrs. Sutarni’
My brothers ‘Cahyo Wibowo’ and ‘Gatot Susatyo’
My beloved friends
Almamater
People who are willing to read the research paper
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
All praises belong to Allah SWT to His blessings given to the researcher, so the
researcher could complete his research paper entitled MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED
IN
VERONICA
ROTH’S
DIVERGENT
NOVEL
(2011):
A
FEMINIST
PRESPECTIVE. In conducting this researcher got so many helps from many people.
The researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to the people
in the following list:
1. Mr. Soeratno (Alm), I dedicated my bachelor degree for you, because you are
motivation in his live after her Mother.
2. Mrs. Sutarni, as the Mother thanks have to educate to an undergraduate degree pinned
behind my name, which has been great for me being a single parent.
3. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., the Dean of faculty of Teacher Training and
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., the Chief of Department of English Education,
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
5. Dewi Candraningrum, Ph.D., as the consultant and also the first examiner who has
supported for my research, thank you for patiently guiding and always motivate from
start to finish preparation of the research paper.
6. Drs. Muhammad Thoyibi, M.S., as the second examiner which has been tested with
the patient and always motivate.
7. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum., as the third examiner which always provide
feedback on grammar and procedures for writing well.
8. Susiati, M.Ed., as Academic Advisor who has been patient and always gives
encouragement to us from the beginning to the end of the semester.
9. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become such great
educators and for giving uncountable knowledge to the researcher.
vii
10. My Best Friend, “FEEDG fams” Festica, Elis, Enisa, Gigik, as the best friend, as the
families that who have always given my spirit and love.
11. EDSO 2014 “Pak rizal, buk finsa, buk neti, via, eko, martha, fathoni, tafsir, wahid,
mas kun”, silfi, zulfa, tiar, dwiki, uray, pak yus”, thank you for the experience of
organization, motivation and friendship.
12. My helper, dd’Ayuni, Mbokde Retno, Mas Ervan, Mbak Ajeng, Sri, Fitria, who share
the good and bad during conducting this paper.
13. Bripda. Febriyanto Nurrohman, thanks you for giving encouragement, motivation and
support as well as the expectations for this year.
Surakarta,
March 2017
Researcher
viii
MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):
A FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE
ABSTRAK
DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN SAPUTRI. A320130196. MOTHERHOOD
REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A
FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2017, 66 Halaman.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keibuan dari tokoh utama yang terjadi pada
novel Divergent (2011) karya Veronica Roth dengan menggunakan teori feminism. Novel
Divergent (2011) dianalisa dengan mengacu pada dua point: pertama adalah analisa
yang berdasar pada elemen structural, dan yang kedua adalah analisa mengenai
motherhood dengan mengunakan teori feminism. Penelitian ini menggunakan
pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua sumber data yaitu,
pertama adalah novel Divergent (2011) karya Veronica Roth sebagai sumber utama.
Sumber data yang kedua adalah pencarian dari buku, biografi penulis, jurnal, sumber
yang berhubungan langsung dengan penelitian. Dua jenis data tersebut diperoleh
melalui perpustakaan yang dianalisa menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Berdasarkan
penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyimpulkan beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama adalah elemen
structural novel yang diperoleh melalui karakter dan karakterisasi, setting tempat dan
waktu, plot, sudut pandang, dan tema yang tersusun menjadi satu sebagai cerita dalam
novel tersebut. Kedua adalah berdasarkan pada teori feminism dalam partisipasi wanita,
peran wanita, hak wanita, dan posisi wanita yang terjadi pada karakter utama dan
karakter lainnya dalam novel Divergent (2011).
Kata kunci: Keibuan, Elemen Structural Novel, Teori Feminism
ix
MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):
A FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE
ABSTRACT
DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN SAPUTRI. A320130196. MOTHERHOOD
REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A
FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE Research Paper. Faculty of Teacher Training and
Educatuon. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2017. 66 Pages.
This study aimed to describe motherhood main character happens to the novel Divergent
(2011) by Veronica Roth by using the theory of feminism. Divergent Novel (2011)
analyzed with reference to two points: the first is based on the analysis of structural
elements, and the second is the analysis of motherhood by using the theory of feminism.
This research use descriptive qualitative approach. This study uses two sources of data,
namely, the first is a novel Divergent (2011) by Veronica Roth as a primary source. The
second data source is the search of a book, a biography of the author, journal, sources
that are directly related to the research. Two types of data obtained through the library
were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Based on these studies, researchers concluded
some conclusions. The first is a novel structural element obtained through the characters
and characterization, setting the place and time, plot, point of view, and the theme is
structured into one as the story in the novel. The second is based on the theory of
feminism in woman’s participation, woman’s role, women's rights, and woman’s position
that occurred on the main character and the other characters in the Divergent novel
(2011).
Keywords: Motherhood, Structural Elements Novel, Feminist Theory
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER …………………………………………………………………………………..i
APROVAL……………………………………...………………………………………..ii
ACCEPTANCE ………………………………………………………………………...iii
DECLARATION ……….………………………………………………………………iv
MOTTO ……….………………………………………………………………………....v
DEDICATION ……….…………………………………………………………………vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………………………….……vii
ABSTRAK ……….……………………………………………………………………...ix
ABSTRACT ……….…………………………………………………………………….x
TABLE OF CONTENT…...……………………………………………………………xi
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................1
A. Background of the Study………………………………………………………….1
B. Previous Study…………………………………………………………………….4
C. Problem Statement………………………………………………………...............5
D. Objectives of the Study…………………………………………………………....5
E. Limitation of the Study…………………………………………………................5
F. Benefits of the Study………………………………………………………………5
G. Paper of Organization……………………………………………………………..6
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW ……………………………………………......................7
A. Underlying Theory………………………………………………………...............7
1. Feminist Literary Criticism……………………………………………………7
2. Major Principle of Feminist Theory…………………………………………..8
xi
a. Woman’s Position…………………………………………………………8
b. Woman’s Role…………………………………………………………….8
c. Woman’s Right……………………………………………………………9
d. Woman’s Participation……………………………………………………9
3. Motherhood………………………………………………………………….10
a. Definition of Motherhood……………………………………………….10
b. Motherhood as a Contested Feminist Concept…………………………..12
4. Novel…………………………………………………………………………13
B. Theoretical Application………………………………………………………….14
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD ……………………………………………..………...15
A. Type of the Study……………………………………………………….........15
B. Object of the Study…………………………………………………………..15
C. Type of the Data and Data Source…………………………………………...15
1. Primary Data Source……………………………………………………..16
2. Secondary Data Source…………………………………………………..16
D. Technique of the Data Collection…..………………………………………..16
E. Technique of Data Analysis…..……………………………………………...17
1. Data Reduction…………………………………………………………..17
2. Data Display……………………………………………………………..17
3. Conclusion Drawing and Verification………….………………………..17
CHAPTER IV
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS …………………………………………………..18
A. Structural Analysis…………………………………………………………...18
1. Character and Characterization…………………………………………..18
a. Major Character……………………………………………………...19
b. Minor Character……………………………………………………...24
2. Setting……………………………………………………………………29
a. Setting of Place………………………………………………………29
xii
b. Setting of Time………………………………………………………33
3. Plot……………………………………………………………………….33
a. Plot Structure………………………………………………………...34
1) Exposition………………………………………………………..34
2) Conflict…………………………………………………………..34
a) Internal Conflict……………………………………………...35
b) External Conflict……………………………………………..36
3) Climax…………………………………………………………....37
4) Resolution………………………………………………………..38
5) Causality…………………………………………………………39
6) Plausibility……………………………………………………….40
4. Point of View……………………………………………………………41
5. Theme……………………………………………………………………42
6. Discussion………………………………………………………………..43
CHAPTER V
FEMINIST ANALYSIS ……………………………………………………….47
A. Feminist Perspective ………………………………………………………...47
1. Woman’s Position………………………………………………………..47
2. Woman’s Role…………………………………………………………...49
3. Woman’s Rights………………………………………………………....50
4. Woman’s Participation…………………………………………………..51
B. Motherhood Analysis………………………………………………………..53
C. Discussion…………………………………………………………………...57
CHAPTER VI
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ………………………………………..61
A. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………...61
B. Suggestion…………………………………………………………………...62
C. Pedagogical Implications…………………………………………………….63
BIBLIOGRAPHY…...….……………………………………………………………64
xiii
VIRTUAL REFERENCES…….…...….……………………………………………66
APPENDIX
xiv
A FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
by:
DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN S.
A320130196
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2017
MOTTO
Life is Choice and Simple.
(Prof. Endang Fauziati)
Berusaha itu harus diimbangi dengan ikhtiar dan doa, karena tanpa itu semuanya akan
menjadi sia-sia dengan begitu saja.
(Devica Hps)
v
DEDICATION
The research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT “The lord of everything”
My beloved parents ‘Mr. Soeratno (Alm)’ and ‘Mrs. Sutarni’
My brothers ‘Cahyo Wibowo’ and ‘Gatot Susatyo’
My beloved friends
Almamater
People who are willing to read the research paper
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
All praises belong to Allah SWT to His blessings given to the researcher, so the
researcher could complete his research paper entitled MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED
IN
VERONICA
ROTH’S
DIVERGENT
NOVEL
(2011):
A
FEMINIST
PRESPECTIVE. In conducting this researcher got so many helps from many people.
The researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to the people
in the following list:
1. Mr. Soeratno (Alm), I dedicated my bachelor degree for you, because you are
motivation in his live after her Mother.
2. Mrs. Sutarni, as the Mother thanks have to educate to an undergraduate degree pinned
behind my name, which has been great for me being a single parent.
3. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., the Dean of faculty of Teacher Training and
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., the Chief of Department of English Education,
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
5. Dewi Candraningrum, Ph.D., as the consultant and also the first examiner who has
supported for my research, thank you for patiently guiding and always motivate from
start to finish preparation of the research paper.
6. Drs. Muhammad Thoyibi, M.S., as the second examiner which has been tested with
the patient and always motivate.
7. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum., as the third examiner which always provide
feedback on grammar and procedures for writing well.
8. Susiati, M.Ed., as Academic Advisor who has been patient and always gives
encouragement to us from the beginning to the end of the semester.
9. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become such great
educators and for giving uncountable knowledge to the researcher.
vii
10. My Best Friend, “FEEDG fams” Festica, Elis, Enisa, Gigik, as the best friend, as the
families that who have always given my spirit and love.
11. EDSO 2014 “Pak rizal, buk finsa, buk neti, via, eko, martha, fathoni, tafsir, wahid,
mas kun”, silfi, zulfa, tiar, dwiki, uray, pak yus”, thank you for the experience of
organization, motivation and friendship.
12. My helper, dd’Ayuni, Mbokde Retno, Mas Ervan, Mbak Ajeng, Sri, Fitria, who share
the good and bad during conducting this paper.
13. Bripda. Febriyanto Nurrohman, thanks you for giving encouragement, motivation and
support as well as the expectations for this year.
Surakarta,
March 2017
Researcher
viii
MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):
A FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE
ABSTRAK
DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN SAPUTRI. A320130196. MOTHERHOOD
REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A
FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2017, 66 Halaman.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keibuan dari tokoh utama yang terjadi pada
novel Divergent (2011) karya Veronica Roth dengan menggunakan teori feminism. Novel
Divergent (2011) dianalisa dengan mengacu pada dua point: pertama adalah analisa
yang berdasar pada elemen structural, dan yang kedua adalah analisa mengenai
motherhood dengan mengunakan teori feminism. Penelitian ini menggunakan
pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua sumber data yaitu,
pertama adalah novel Divergent (2011) karya Veronica Roth sebagai sumber utama.
Sumber data yang kedua adalah pencarian dari buku, biografi penulis, jurnal, sumber
yang berhubungan langsung dengan penelitian. Dua jenis data tersebut diperoleh
melalui perpustakaan yang dianalisa menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Berdasarkan
penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyimpulkan beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama adalah elemen
structural novel yang diperoleh melalui karakter dan karakterisasi, setting tempat dan
waktu, plot, sudut pandang, dan tema yang tersusun menjadi satu sebagai cerita dalam
novel tersebut. Kedua adalah berdasarkan pada teori feminism dalam partisipasi wanita,
peran wanita, hak wanita, dan posisi wanita yang terjadi pada karakter utama dan
karakter lainnya dalam novel Divergent (2011).
Kata kunci: Keibuan, Elemen Structural Novel, Teori Feminism
ix
MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):
A FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE
ABSTRACT
DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN SAPUTRI. A320130196. MOTHERHOOD
REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A
FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE Research Paper. Faculty of Teacher Training and
Educatuon. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2017. 66 Pages.
This study aimed to describe motherhood main character happens to the novel Divergent
(2011) by Veronica Roth by using the theory of feminism. Divergent Novel (2011)
analyzed with reference to two points: the first is based on the analysis of structural
elements, and the second is the analysis of motherhood by using the theory of feminism.
This research use descriptive qualitative approach. This study uses two sources of data,
namely, the first is a novel Divergent (2011) by Veronica Roth as a primary source. The
second data source is the search of a book, a biography of the author, journal, sources
that are directly related to the research. Two types of data obtained through the library
were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Based on these studies, researchers concluded
some conclusions. The first is a novel structural element obtained through the characters
and characterization, setting the place and time, plot, point of view, and the theme is
structured into one as the story in the novel. The second is based on the theory of
feminism in woman’s participation, woman’s role, women's rights, and woman’s position
that occurred on the main character and the other characters in the Divergent novel
(2011).
Keywords: Motherhood, Structural Elements Novel, Feminist Theory
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER …………………………………………………………………………………..i
APROVAL……………………………………...………………………………………..ii
ACCEPTANCE ………………………………………………………………………...iii
DECLARATION ……….………………………………………………………………iv
MOTTO ……….………………………………………………………………………....v
DEDICATION ……….…………………………………………………………………vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………………………….……vii
ABSTRAK ……….……………………………………………………………………...ix
ABSTRACT ……….…………………………………………………………………….x
TABLE OF CONTENT…...……………………………………………………………xi
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................1
A. Background of the Study………………………………………………………….1
B. Previous Study…………………………………………………………………….4
C. Problem Statement………………………………………………………...............5
D. Objectives of the Study…………………………………………………………....5
E. Limitation of the Study…………………………………………………................5
F. Benefits of the Study………………………………………………………………5
G. Paper of Organization……………………………………………………………..6
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW ……………………………………………......................7
A. Underlying Theory………………………………………………………...............7
1. Feminist Literary Criticism……………………………………………………7
2. Major Principle of Feminist Theory…………………………………………..8
xi
a. Woman’s Position…………………………………………………………8
b. Woman’s Role…………………………………………………………….8
c. Woman’s Right……………………………………………………………9
d. Woman’s Participation……………………………………………………9
3. Motherhood………………………………………………………………….10
a. Definition of Motherhood……………………………………………….10
b. Motherhood as a Contested Feminist Concept…………………………..12
4. Novel…………………………………………………………………………13
B. Theoretical Application………………………………………………………….14
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD ……………………………………………..………...15
A. Type of the Study……………………………………………………….........15
B. Object of the Study…………………………………………………………..15
C. Type of the Data and Data Source…………………………………………...15
1. Primary Data Source……………………………………………………..16
2. Secondary Data Source…………………………………………………..16
D. Technique of the Data Collection…..………………………………………..16
E. Technique of Data Analysis…..……………………………………………...17
1. Data Reduction…………………………………………………………..17
2. Data Display……………………………………………………………..17
3. Conclusion Drawing and Verification………….………………………..17
CHAPTER IV
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS …………………………………………………..18
A. Structural Analysis…………………………………………………………...18
1. Character and Characterization…………………………………………..18
a. Major Character……………………………………………………...19
b. Minor Character……………………………………………………...24
2. Setting……………………………………………………………………29
a. Setting of Place………………………………………………………29
xii
b. Setting of Time………………………………………………………33
3. Plot……………………………………………………………………….33
a. Plot Structure………………………………………………………...34
1) Exposition………………………………………………………..34
2) Conflict…………………………………………………………..34
a) Internal Conflict……………………………………………...35
b) External Conflict……………………………………………..36
3) Climax…………………………………………………………....37
4) Resolution………………………………………………………..38
5) Causality…………………………………………………………39
6) Plausibility……………………………………………………….40
4. Point of View……………………………………………………………41
5. Theme……………………………………………………………………42
6. Discussion………………………………………………………………..43
CHAPTER V
FEMINIST ANALYSIS ……………………………………………………….47
A. Feminist Perspective ………………………………………………………...47
1. Woman’s Position………………………………………………………..47
2. Woman’s Role…………………………………………………………...49
3. Woman’s Rights………………………………………………………....50
4. Woman’s Participation…………………………………………………..51
B. Motherhood Analysis………………………………………………………..53
C. Discussion…………………………………………………………………...57
CHAPTER VI
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ………………………………………..61
A. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………...61
B. Suggestion…………………………………………………………………...62
C. Pedagogical Implications…………………………………………………….63
BIBLIOGRAPHY…...….……………………………………………………………64
xiii
VIRTUAL REFERENCES…….…...….……………………………………………66
APPENDIX
xiv