4.1.3. Description of data analysis 72
4.1.3.1. The Normality of Test 72
4.1.3.2. The Homogeneity of Test 73
4.1.4. Testing of hypothesis 74
4.1.5. Entrepreneurship Aspect 75
4.1.5.1. Behavior assessment 75
4.1.5.2. Product assessment 76
4.1.5.3. Eentrepreneurship Yen 76
4.2. Inventions of research 76
4.3. Discussion 77
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusions 87
5.2. Suggestions 88
REFERENCES 89
APPENDIX 92
LIST OF TABLES
Page Table.2.1. Five types of Learning Outcomes and the Performances Made
Possible by Learners, with examples. 13
Table 2.2. Indicators of science process skills 21
Table 2.3. Comparasion properties of colloid, solutions and suspension 33
Table 2.4. Types of collloids 34
Table 2.5. Dissimilarity between hydrophilic sol and hydrophobic sol 40
Table 3.1. Design of research 48
Table 3.2. The Guidelines of scoring 55
Table 3.3. Interpretation category of IPK in learning process 57
Table 3.4. The calculate result then converted science skills process 58
Table 3.5. Assessment indicators of Level of Mastery or understanding of Microscopic, macroscopic and symbolic
60 Table 4.1. Averages pre test, post test and N-Gain in control and experiment
Classes 66
Table 4.2. Percentage of ownership of the concepts before and after learning Process
69 Table 4.3. The chemical representation at pre test condition
70 Table 4.4. The chemical representation at post test condition
70 Table 4.5. Averages initial condition, final condition and N-gain in
control and experimental classes 71
Table 4.6. The Normality test at ownership of the concepts aspect 73
Table 4.7. The normality test at science process skills aspect 73
Table 4.8 The homogeneity test of research data of ownership of the concepts Aspect
73 Table 4.9. Summary data hypothesis I and II
74 Table 4.10. Summary data hypothesis III.
74 Table 4.11. Analysis instrument table Difficulty index
77 Table 4.12. Percentage SPS at initial condition
83 Table 4.13 Percetage SPS at final condition
84
LIST OF FIGURES
Page Figure 2.1. Laboratory room sketches of BTE Basic technology education
18 Figure 2.2. Three level of representation in chemistry Chittelborough, 2004
28 Figure 2.3. Interaction between fat, water and soap
28 Figure 2.4. solution, suspension, and colloid Source :
http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on 12
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Feb 2012, o’clock 15:39 pm 32
Figure 2.5. Tyndall effect process Source: http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 11.00 pm 35
Figure 2.6. Brown motion Source: http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 11.30 pm 36
Figure 2.7. Electrophoreses Source: http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 11.45 pm 36
Figure 2.8. Adsorption process Source : http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 14.06 pm 37
Figure 2.9. Coagulation Source: http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 14.20 pm 37
Figure 2.10. Purification of water Source: chemistry book for grade XI natural Science
38 Figure 2.11. Dialysis process Source:
http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on 14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 14.25 pm 38
Figure 2.12. Ice cream Source: http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 14.30pm 39
Figure 2.13. Soap Source: http:www.julintonchemistryarea.blogspot.com, accessed on
14
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Feb 2012, o’clock 14.45 pm 39
Figure 2.14. Structure formula of Soap Source : http:chemistrylearning.blogspot.com accessed on
2
nd
Feb 2012, o’clock 15:15 pm 41
Figure 2.15. Conceptual Framework 43
Figure 3.1. The scheme of research steps 51
Figure 4.1. Score averages of pre test, post test and N-gain percentage between control and experiment classes
67 Figure 4.2. Graph of concepts between control and experiment classes
69 Figure 4.3. Diagram of chemical representation before and after teaching and
learning process 70
Figure 4.4. Score averages of pre test, post test and N-gain percentage between control and experimental classes
72 Figure 4.5. Animation about tyndall effect Colloidal properties
81 Figure 4.6. Appearance video about colloidal phenomena of ice cream to improve
ownership of students’ concepts with reality figure
81
LIST OF APPENDIXS
Page Appendix 1. Syllabus
92 Appendix 2 . Lesson Plan
98 Appendix 3. Test Instrument
132 Appendix 4. Key of the answer
139 Appendix 5. Specification of Instrument
140 Appendix 6. Test Instrument to identification
students’ initial concepts 141
Appendix 7. Key of the answer to identification students’ initial concepts
143 Appendix 8 . Specification of instrument to identification
students’ initial concept 150 Appendix 9 . The calculation of instrument test
151 Appendix 10. The calculation of data samples
165 Appendix 11. Students
’ learning outcomes data 168
Appendix 12. The calculation of ownership of the concepts improvement or gain 170 Appendix 13. The calculation of standard deviation, variances for control and
experimental classes 173
Appendix 14. The calculation of Normality test 179
Appendix 15. The calculation of test Homogeneity 185
Appendix 16. The calculation of chemical representation 189
Appendix 17. Capability improvement percentage of chemical representation 197
Appendix 18. Hypothesis Test 202
Appendix 19. The calculation of science process skills 207
Appendix 20. The calculation gain at science process skills aspect 212
Appendix 21. The calculation of science process skills SPS 215
Appendix 22. The calculation of standard deviation, variances for control and experiment class at science process skills aspect
221
Appendix 23. The calculation of test homogeneity at science process skills aspect 226 Appendix 24 Hypothesis II
229 Appendix 25 Hypothesis III
233 Appendix 26 The calculation of test correlation
237 Appendix 27 From of behavior assessment
239 Appendix 28 From of product assessment
241 Appendix 29 Scale measure of entrepreneurship yen
244 Appendix 30 Documentations of research
249 Appendix 31 Chi Square values
255 Appendix 32 The value of r Product Moment
256 Appendix 33 Table of distribution-t Table-t Values
257 Appendix 34 List of distribution precentile value
258
87
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
