Result of the Analysis

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CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY

4.1 Result of the Analysis

This study analyzed four aspects of the test items; there are validity, reliability, discrimination of power and the level of difficulty. The aim of this study is to analyze the test item of mid-term test of eighth grade students of SMP 33 Semarang. By analyzed the four items of the test items we can identify whether the item is good, moderate or poor. We can acquire the weaknesses of the items and how to revise it. From the data analysis the test item of mid-term test of eighth grade students of SMP 33 Semarang we can obtain the following data. 4.2.1 Analysis of Item validity The writer used the Pearson’s product moment table to calculate the value of the validity level of each test item. After that we can consulted the value of each item to the table of r product moment values. The test item can be categorized as valid item if the value of r is higher than the value on the table and vice versa. From the validity calculation, the writer got the result as follow: 1 There are 33 test items which fulfill the requirement of the validity. They are the items number 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 47, 49, 50. 2 There are 17 items which belong to invalid items. There are numbers 4,8, 9, 13, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 45, 46, 48 . From those 50 test items, it can be analyze that there are several item that still can be used in the following test. 4.2.2 Analysis of Item Reliability To get the coefficient of reliability of the test item the writer applying the Kuder-Richardson 20 formula. From the calculation, it is found that the coefficient of reliability of the test item is 0.39, then it is consulted to the table of r product moment values at level of significance0.05 or 5, because the value of r calculation is higher than the value on the table so it can be concluded that the test item that were used in the English mid-term test for the eighth grade of SMP 33 Semarang in the academic year 20082009 is reliable. The calculation of the reliability is listed in the appendix 2. 4.2.3 Analysis of the Difficulty Level By using Nitko formula, the item of difficulty level can be analyzed by calculating the percentage of students who got the item right. The level of item difficulty is categorized into three levels. There are: 1 Index 0.00 to 0.25 is categorized as difficult items. 2 Index 0.26 to 0.75 is categorized as moderate items. 3 Index 0.76 to 1.00 is categorized as easy items. The result of the data analysis is as follows: 1 Items that belong to the difficult level are the item number 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, 28, and 33. 2 Items that can be classified as moderate items are the item number 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 23, 24, 25, 27, 29, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. 3 Items that can be regarded as easy items are 2, 22, 30, 31, and 36. From those 50 items, the English mid-term test of eighth grade students of SMP 33 Semarang can be categorized as moderate in the term of difficulty level since the mean of their difficulty level is 0,41. The items that considered as easy item still can be used to encourage and motivate the poor students. The example of the calculation of the difficulty level can be seen in appendix 3. 4.2.4 Analysis of Discrimination Power In analyzing the discrimination power of the test item, the writer used Gronlund formula. It is tells how well the item performs in separating the upper group and lower group students. The discrimination power of the test item is categorized into four categories. In details it can be explained as follows: 1 Index 0.40 and above are categorized as very good items. 2 Index 0.30 to 0.39 belongs to reasonably good items but possibly subject to improvement. 3 Index 0.20 to 0.29 is categorized as marginal items, this item usually needing and being subject to improvement. 4 Index 0.19 and below belong to poor items. Those items should be rejected or improved by revision. From the data analysis, the result can be explained as follows: 1 29 items are categorized as poor items. They are items number 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 36, 37, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47. 2 13 items can be classified as marginal items. They are items number 6, 7, 8, 10, 18, 23, 26, 29, 332, 38, 40, 44, 50. 3 There are 6 items that belongs to good item there are items number 25, 34, 39, 45, 48, and 49. 4 There are only 2 items that can be classified as very good items they are items number 3 and 35. The mean of the discrimination power is 0.17, so as whole the mid-tern test items are categorized as poor items. In this test items analysis there are 5 items with negative values of discrimination power. The negative value of discrimination power means that that more students in the lower group than the students in the upper group answer the question correctly. The items stated above are the item, number 13 with discrimination power -0.063, item number 15 with the discrimination power -0.125, item number 30 with the discrimination power - 0.03, item number 31 with the discrimination power -0.06 and item number 42 with the discrimination power -0.06. These items should be rejected. The example of the discrimination power listed in the appendix 4.

4.2 Discussions