S MBS 1101787 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. i
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ ii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ...............................................................................1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah......................................................................................15
1.3 Rumusan Masalah .........................................................................................17
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ..........................................................................................17
1.5 Kegunaan Penelitian .....................................................................................18
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN ....................20
2.1 Kajian Pustaka ..............................................................................................20
2.1.1 Konsep CAMEL..................................................................................20
2.1.1.1 Konsep CAMEL dalam Kesehatan Perbankan .......................20
2.1.1.2 Definisi CAMEL .....................................................................27
2.1.1.3 Aspek-Aspek CAMEL ............................................................29
2.1.1.3.1 Capital ....................................................................29
2.1.1.3.2 Asset Quality ...........................................................33
2.1.1.3.3 Management Efficiency...........................................35
2.1.1.3.4 Earning ...................................................................38
2.1.1.3.5 Liquidity ..................................................................41
2.1.2 Konsep Financial Distress ..................................................................44
2.1.2.1 Definisi Financial Distress .....................................................46
2.1.2.2 Indikator Financial Distress ....................................................51
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.1.3 Pengaruh CAMEL terhadap Financial distress ..................................54
2.1.3.1 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress. ......................54
2.1.3.2 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial
Distress. ...................................................................................57
2.1.3.3 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress. .....................59
2.1.3.4 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress .....................60
2.1.4 Orisinalitas Penelitian .........................................................................63
2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran .....................................................................................69
2.3 Paradigma Penelitian ....................................................................................76
2.4 Hipotesis Penelitian ......................................................................................76
BAB III OBJEK DAN METODE PENELITIAN .............................................78
3.1 Objek Penelitian............................................................................................78
3.2 Metode Penelitian .........................................................................................79
3.2.1 Metode dan Desain Penelitian .............................................................79
3.2.1.1 Metode Penelitian ....................................................................79
3.2.1.2 Desain Penelitian .....................................................................80
3.2.2 Operasionalisasi Variabel ....................................................................81
3.2.3 Jenis dan Sumber Data ........................................................................82
3.2.4 Populasi, Sampel dan Teknik Penarikan Sampel ................................84
3.2.4.1 Populasi ...................................................................................84
3.2.4.2 Sampel dan Teknik Penarikan Sampel ....................................84
3.2.5 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................86
3.2.6 Teknik Analisis Data dan Rancangan Hipotesis .................................87
3.2.6.1 Analisis Deskriptif ...................................................................87
3.2.6.2 Uji Asumsi Klasik ...................................................................89
3.2.6.2.1 Uji Normalitas.........................................................90
3.2.6.2.2 Uji Autokorelasi ......................................................90
3.2.6.2.3 Uji Multikolinearitas ...............................................91
3.2.6.2.4 Uji Heteroskedastisitas ...........................................92
3.2.6.3 Analisis Regresi Linier Multipel .............................................92
3.2.6.4 Rancangan Hipotesis ...............................................................93
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.2.6.4.1 Uji Keberartian Regresi (Uji F) .................................93
3.2.6.4.2 Uji Keberartian Koefisien Regresi (Uji t) .................95
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN....................................98
4.1 Gambaran Objek Penelitian ..........................................................................98
4.1.1 Profil Perusahaan Bank Anglomas Internasional ................................98
4.1.2 Profil Perusahaan Bank Andara ........................................................101
4.1.3 Profil Perusahaan Bank ICB Bumiputera .........................................103
4.1.4 Profil Perusahaan Bank Mutiara .......................................................105
4.1.5 Profil Perusahaan Bank Nasional Nobu ............................................107
4.1.6 Profil Perusahaan Bank Yudha Bakti ................................................110
4.1.7 Profil Perusahaan Bank Pundi ...........................................................113
4.1.8 Profil Perusahaan Bank Of America .................................................115
4.1.9 Profil Perusahaan The Royal Bank of Scotland ................................119
4.2 Deskripsi Variabel Penelitian .....................................................................120
4.2.1 Deskripsi CAMEL Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...............................120
4.2.1.1 Perkembangan Capital pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ....121
4.2.1.2 Perkembangan Management Efficiency pada Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...............................................................................132
4.2.1.3 Perkembangan Earning pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...141
4.2.1.4 Perkembangan Liquidity pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .151
4.2.2 Deskripsi Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ......160
4.3 Pengujian Hipotesis Pengaruh CAMEL terhadap Financial Distress ........176
4.3.1 Statistik Deskriptif.............................................................................176
4.3.2 Uji Asumsi Klasik .............................................................................178
4.3.2.1 Uji Normalitas .......................................................................178
4.3.2.2 Uji Multikoliniearitas ............................................................180
4.3.2.3 Uji Heteroskedastisitas ..........................................................181
4.3.2.4 Uji Autokorelasi ....................................................................182
4.3.3 Pengujian Hipotesis Penelitian ..........................................................183
4.3.3.1 Analisis Regresi Liniear Multipel .........................................183
4.3.3.1.1 Uji Keberartian Regresi (Uji F) ............................187
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.3.3.1.2 Uji Keberartian Koefisien Regresi (Uji T) ...........188
4.4 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................191
4.4.1 Capital Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ........................................191
4.4.2 Management Efficiency Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..............193
4.4.3 Earning Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .......................................194
4.4.4 Liquidity Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ......................................195
4.4.5 Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia.......................197
4.4.6 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...........................................................................................199
4.4.7 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial Distress Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia .........................................................................200
4.4.8 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...........................................................................................201
4.4.9 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...........................................................................................202
4.5 Temuan Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................204
4.5.1 Temuan Hasil Penelitian Bersifat Teoritis ........................................204
4.5.1.1 Capital Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ............................204
4.5.1.2 Management Efficiency Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..205
4.5.1.3 Earning Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........................207
4.5.1.4 Liquidity Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..........................209
4.5.1.5 Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........210
4.5.1.6 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................211
4.5.1.7 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial Distress
Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .........................................214
4.5.1.8 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................215
4.5.1.9 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................217
4.5.2 Temuan Hasil Penelitian Bersifat Empiris ........................................220
4.5.2.1 Capital Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ............................220
4.5.2.2 Management Efficiency Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..222
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.5.2.3 Earning Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........................223
4.5.2.4 Liquidity Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..........................224
4.5.2.5 Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........225
4.5.2.6 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................226
4.5.2.7 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial Distress
Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .........................................226
4.5.2.8 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................227
4.5.2.9 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................227
4.6 Implikasi Hasil Penelitian Terhadap Pengembangan Pendidikan Manajemen
Bisnis ..........................................................................................................228
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ............................................232
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................232
5.2 Rekomendasi ..............................................................................................233
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .........................................................................................237
LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................245
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. i
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ ii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ...............................................................................1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah......................................................................................15
1.3 Rumusan Masalah .........................................................................................17
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ..........................................................................................17
1.5 Kegunaan Penelitian .....................................................................................18
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN ....................20
2.1 Kajian Pustaka ..............................................................................................20
2.1.1 Konsep CAMEL..................................................................................20
2.1.1.1 Konsep CAMEL dalam Kesehatan Perbankan .......................20
2.1.1.2 Definisi CAMEL .....................................................................27
2.1.1.3 Aspek-Aspek CAMEL ............................................................29
2.1.1.3.1 Capital ....................................................................29
2.1.1.3.2 Asset Quality ...........................................................33
2.1.1.3.3 Management Efficiency...........................................35
2.1.1.3.4 Earning ...................................................................38
2.1.1.3.5 Liquidity ..................................................................41
2.1.2 Konsep Financial Distress ..................................................................44
2.1.2.1 Definisi Financial Distress .....................................................46
2.1.2.2 Indikator Financial Distress ....................................................51
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.1.3 Pengaruh CAMEL terhadap Financial distress ..................................54
2.1.3.1 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress. ......................54
2.1.3.2 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial
Distress. ...................................................................................57
2.1.3.3 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress. .....................59
2.1.3.4 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress .....................60
2.1.4 Orisinalitas Penelitian .........................................................................63
2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran .....................................................................................69
2.3 Paradigma Penelitian ....................................................................................76
2.4 Hipotesis Penelitian ......................................................................................76
BAB III OBJEK DAN METODE PENELITIAN .............................................78
3.1 Objek Penelitian............................................................................................78
3.2 Metode Penelitian .........................................................................................79
3.2.1 Metode dan Desain Penelitian .............................................................79
3.2.1.1 Metode Penelitian ....................................................................79
3.2.1.2 Desain Penelitian .....................................................................80
3.2.2 Operasionalisasi Variabel ....................................................................81
3.2.3 Jenis dan Sumber Data ........................................................................82
3.2.4 Populasi, Sampel dan Teknik Penarikan Sampel ................................84
3.2.4.1 Populasi ...................................................................................84
3.2.4.2 Sampel dan Teknik Penarikan Sampel ....................................84
3.2.5 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................86
3.2.6 Teknik Analisis Data dan Rancangan Hipotesis .................................87
3.2.6.1 Analisis Deskriptif ...................................................................87
3.2.6.2 Uji Asumsi Klasik ...................................................................89
3.2.6.2.1 Uji Normalitas.........................................................90
3.2.6.2.2 Uji Autokorelasi ......................................................90
3.2.6.2.3 Uji Multikolinearitas ...............................................91
3.2.6.2.4 Uji Heteroskedastisitas ...........................................92
3.2.6.3 Analisis Regresi Linier Multipel .............................................92
3.2.6.4 Rancangan Hipotesis ...............................................................93
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.2.6.4.1 Uji Keberartian Regresi (Uji F) .................................93
3.2.6.4.2 Uji Keberartian Koefisien Regresi (Uji t) .................95
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN....................................98
4.1 Gambaran Objek Penelitian ..........................................................................98
4.1.1 Profil Perusahaan Bank Anglomas Internasional ................................98
4.1.2 Profil Perusahaan Bank Andara ........................................................101
4.1.3 Profil Perusahaan Bank ICB Bumiputera .........................................103
4.1.4 Profil Perusahaan Bank Mutiara .......................................................105
4.1.5 Profil Perusahaan Bank Nasional Nobu ............................................107
4.1.6 Profil Perusahaan Bank Yudha Bakti ................................................110
4.1.7 Profil Perusahaan Bank Pundi ...........................................................113
4.1.8 Profil Perusahaan Bank Of America .................................................115
4.1.9 Profil Perusahaan The Royal Bank of Scotland ................................119
4.2 Deskripsi Variabel Penelitian .....................................................................120
4.2.1 Deskripsi CAMEL Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...............................120
4.2.1.1 Perkembangan Capital pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ....121
4.2.1.2 Perkembangan Management Efficiency pada Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...............................................................................132
4.2.1.3 Perkembangan Earning pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...141
4.2.1.4 Perkembangan Liquidity pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .151
4.2.2 Deskripsi Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ......160
4.3 Pengujian Hipotesis Pengaruh CAMEL terhadap Financial Distress ........176
4.3.1 Statistik Deskriptif.............................................................................176
4.3.2 Uji Asumsi Klasik .............................................................................178
4.3.2.1 Uji Normalitas .......................................................................178
4.3.2.2 Uji Multikoliniearitas ............................................................180
4.3.2.3 Uji Heteroskedastisitas ..........................................................181
4.3.2.4 Uji Autokorelasi ....................................................................182
4.3.3 Pengujian Hipotesis Penelitian ..........................................................183
4.3.3.1 Analisis Regresi Liniear Multipel .........................................183
4.3.3.1.1 Uji Keberartian Regresi (Uji F) ............................187
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.3.3.1.2 Uji Keberartian Koefisien Regresi (Uji T) ...........188
4.4 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................191
4.4.1 Capital Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ........................................191
4.4.2 Management Efficiency Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..............193
4.4.3 Earning Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .......................................194
4.4.4 Liquidity Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ......................................195
4.4.5 Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia.......................197
4.4.6 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...........................................................................................199
4.4.7 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial Distress Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia .........................................................................200
4.4.8 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...........................................................................................201
4.4.9 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress Sektor Perbankan
Indonesia ...........................................................................................202
4.5 Temuan Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................204
4.5.1 Temuan Hasil Penelitian Bersifat Teoritis ........................................204
4.5.1.1 Capital Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ............................204
4.5.1.2 Management Efficiency Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..205
4.5.1.3 Earning Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........................207
4.5.1.4 Liquidity Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..........................209
4.5.1.5 Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........210
4.5.1.6 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................211
4.5.1.7 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial Distress
Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .........................................214
4.5.1.8 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................215
4.5.1.9 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................217
4.5.2 Temuan Hasil Penelitian Bersifat Empiris ........................................220
4.5.2.1 Capital Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ............................220
4.5.2.2 Management Efficiency Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..222
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.5.2.3 Earning Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........................223
4.5.2.4 Liquidity Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ..........................224
4.5.2.5 Financial Distress Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia ...........225
4.5.2.6 Pengaruh Capital terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................226
4.5.2.7 Pengaruh Management Efficiency terhadap Financial Distress
Pada Sektor Perbankan Indonesia .........................................226
4.5.2.8 Pengaruh Earning terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................227
4.5.2.9 Pengaruh Liquidity terhadap Financial Distress Pada Sektor
Perbankan Indonesia..............................................................227
4.6 Implikasi Hasil Penelitian Terhadap Pengembangan Pendidikan Manajemen
Bisnis ..........................................................................................................228
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ............................................232
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................232
5.2 Rekomendasi ..............................................................................................233
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .........................................................................................237
LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................245
Gina Sofiasani, 2015
PENGARUH CAMEL TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN INDONESIA
PERIODE 2009-2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu