s pgsd kelas 1203850 table of content

DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
Lembar Persembahan.................................................................................... i
Lembar Pernyataan ...................................................................................... ii
Abstrak ........................................................................................................... iii
Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................. iv
Ucapan Terimakasih ..................................................................................... v
Daftar Isi ........................................................................................................ vii
Daftar Tabel ................................................................................................... ix
Daftar Lampiran ........................................................................................... x
BAB I Pendahuluan
A. Latar belakang ........................................................................................1
B. Rumusan masalah ...................................................................................4
C. Tujuan penelitian ....................................................................................5
D. Manfaat penelitian ..................................................................................5
E. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .....................................................................6
BAB II Studi Literatur
A. Hakikat Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) .................................................8
B. Pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar .........................................................8
C. Tujuan IPA di SD dalam Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan
(KTSP) 2006 .............................................................................................10

D. Teori Belajar IPA ...................................................................................10
1. Teori Belajar Kontruktivisme .............................................................10
2. Teori Belajar Bruner ...........................................................................11
3. Teori Belajar Dewey ...........................................................................12
4. Teori Vygotsky.. ..................................................................................12
5. Teori Taksonomi Bloom.............. .......................................................13
E. Metode Problem Based Learning ............................................................14
1. Pengertian Metode PBL ......................................................................14
2. Karakteristik PBL ................................................................................15
3. Kelebihan dan kekurangan PBL ..........................................................15
4. Langkah-langkah PBL.........................................................................16
F. Model Konvensional ................................................................................17
G.Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ...................................................................18
1. Pengertian Berpikir Kreatif ................................................................18
2. Indikator Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif .............................................19
3. Ciri-ciri kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................................................20
H Penelitian yang Relevan ..........................................................................21
I. Road Map.... .............................................................................................22
J. Hipotesis Penelitian .................................................................................23


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BAB III Metode Penelitian
A. Metode dan Desain Penelitian ................................................................24
B. Subjek Penelitian ....................................................................................24
1. Populasi ..............................................................................................24
2. Sampel ................................................................................................25
C. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ..................................................................25
D. Variabel dalam Penelitian.. .....................................................................25
E. Definisi Operasional. ...............................................................................26
F. Instrumen Penelitian ...............................................................................26
1. Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif .......................................................27
2. Tes Hasil Belajar .................................................................................28
3. Lembar Observasi ..............................................................................28
4. Angket ................................................................................................28
5. Catatan Lapangan. ...............................................................................29
G. Validitas Instrumen ................................................................................30
1. Reliabilitas Instrumen ........................................................................31
2.Tingkat Kesukaran ..............................................................................32
3.Daya Pembeda .....................................................................................34

H. Prosedur Penelitian ................................................................................36
I. Teknik Pengumpulan dan Analisa Data ..................................................37
BAB IV Hasil Penelitian dan Pembahasan
A. Hasil Penelitian.. .....................................................................................40
1. Analisa Data Kuantitatif .....................................................................40
a. Data hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif kelas eksperimen .............40
b. Data hasil tes hasil belajar kelas eksperimen ......................................42
c. Data hasil tes awaldan tes akhir kemampuan berpikir kreatif
siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol .........................................43
2. Analisis data Kualitatif .......................................................................45
a. Hasil Observasi Kinerja Guru ............................................................45
b. Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ........................................................46
c. Analisa Data Angket ...........................................................................47
d. Catatan Lapangan.. ..............................................................................51
B. Pembahasan ............................................................................................52
1. Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Kelas
Eksperimen .........................................................................................52
2. Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas Eksprimen ...........................54
3. Perbedaan Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Kelas
Eksperimen Dan Kelas Kontrol ..........................................................54

4. Faktor Pendukung dan PenghambatPembelajaran IPA dengan
menggunakan Model PBL .................................................................55

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BAB V Simpulan dan Saran
A. Simpulan ...........................................................................................58
B. Saran ..................................................................................................59
Daftar Pustaka ..................................................................................................60
Lampiran-lampiran .........................................................................................63

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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel

Halaman

2.1Langkah-langkah PBL ................................................................................ 14
2.2 Perbedaan Model PBL dengan Model Konvensional. ............................... 17

3.1 Ketentuan Pemberian Skor Pernyataan Angket. ........................................ 29
3.2 Validitas Tiap Butir Soal Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif. .................... 31
3.3 Validitas Tiap Butir Soal Tes Hasil Belajar. .............................................. 31
3.4 Klasifikasi Koefisien Korelasi Reliabilitas ................................................ 32
3.5 Analisis Tingkat Kesukaran Soal Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif. .............. 33
3.6 Analisis Tingkat Kesukaran Soal Hasil Belajar. ........................................ 34
3.7 Daya Pembeda Butir Soal Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif .......................... 35
3.8Daya Pembeda Butir Soal Hasil Belajar ..................................................... 35
3.9 Rekapitulasi Analisis Butir Soal Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................ 36
3.10 Rekapitulasi Analisis Butir Soal Hasil Belajar ........................................ 36
4.1 Hasil Skor Pretes dan Postes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Kelas
Eksperimen....................................................................................................... 41
4.2 Ringkasan Uji Statistik Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa
Kelas Eksperimen (Hipotesis 1). ...................................................................... 41
4.3 Hasil Skor Pretes dan Postes Kemampuan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas
Eksperimen....................................................................................................... 42
4.4 Ringkasan Uji Statistik Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas Eksperimen
(Hipotesis 2). .................................................................................................... 42
4.5 Kemampuan Awal Berpikir Kratif Siswa. ................................................. 43
4.6 Ringkasan Uji Statistik Terhadap Pretes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif

Siswa ................................................................................................................ 44
4.7 Kemampuan Akhir Berpikir Kreatif Siswa ................................................ 44
4.8 Ringkasan Uji Statistik Terhadap Gain Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Siswa (Hipotesis 3) ......................................................................................... 44
4.9 Rekapitulasi Persentase Hasil Observasi Kinerja Guru. ............................ 45
4.10 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa. ............................................................. 57
4.11 Rekapitulasi Hasil Angket Respon Siswa tehadap Model Pembelajaran
PBL ........................................................................................................... 48
4.12 Rekapitulasi Hasil Angket Indikator Berpikir Lancar ............................. 49
4.13 Rekapitulasi Hasil Angket Indikator Berpikir Luwes .............................. 50
4.14 Rekapitulasi Hasil Angket Indikator Bepikir Orisinil............................. 50
4.15 Rekapitulasi Hasil Angket Indikator Berpikir Elaboratif......................... 51

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
LAMPIRAN A PERSIAPAN MENGAJAR
A.1 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Kelas Eksperimen............ 64
A.2 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Kelas Kontrol ................. 75

A.3 Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Kelas Eksperimen ................................... 83
A.4 Lembar Kerja siswa (LKS) Kelas Kontrol .......................................... 89
LAMPIRAN B INSTRUMEN TES
B.1 Kisi-kisi Tes Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif ....................................... 93
B.2 Kisi-kisi Tes Hasil Belajar ................................................................... 94
B.3 Soal Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif dan Hasil Belajar ........................ 95
B.4 Kunci Jawaban Berpikir Kreatif .......................................................... 100
B.5 Kunci Jawaban Tes Hasil Belajar ........................................................ 103
LAMPIRAN C INSTRUMEN NON TES
C.1 Kisi-kisi Angket Respon Siswa Terhadap Model PBL ........................ 106
C.2 Angket Respon Siswa Terhadap Pembelajaran PBL............................ 107
C.3 Catatan Lapangan. ................................................................................ 109
C.4 Format Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Kelas Eksperimen ........................ 110
C.5 Format Observasi Aktivitas Siswa kelas Kontrol ................................ 116
C.6 Format Observasi Kinerja Guru kelas Eksperimen ............................. 120
C.7 Format Observasi Kinerja Guru kelas Kontrol .................................... 127
LAMPIRAN D HASIL UJI INSTRUMEN
D.1 Hasil Uji Validitas Butir Soal Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ............. 134
D.2 Reliabilitas Soal Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif ................................. 135
D.3 Tingkat Kesukaran Butir Soal Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif ............ 137

D.4 Daya Pembeda Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif ................................... 138
D.5 Hasil Uji Butir Soal Tes Hasil Belajar ................................................ 140
D.6 Reliabilitas Soal tes Hasil Belajar ....................................................... 141
D.7 Tingkat Kesukaran Butir Soal Tes Hasil Belajar ................................ 143
D.8 Daya Pembeda Tes Hasil Belajar ........................................................ 145
LAMPIRAN E DATA HASIL PENELITIAN
E.1 Hasil Pretes Berpikir Kreatif kelas Eksperimen .................................. 148
E.2 Hasil Pretes Hasil Belajar kelas Eksperimen. ....................................... 158
E.3Hasil Pretes Berpikir Kreatif kelas Kontrol .......................................... 168
E.4 Hasil Pretes Hasil Belajar kelas Kontrol. ............................................. 178
E.5 Analisis Data Hasil Pretes Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif .................. 188
E.6 Analisis Data Hasil Pretes Tes Hasil Belajar ....................................... 190
E.7 Hasil PostesBerpikir Kreatif kelas Eksperimen ................................... 192
E.8 Hasil PostesHasil Belajar kelas Eksperimen. ....................................... 202
E.9Hasil Pretes Berpikir Kreatif kelas Kontrol .......................................... 212
E.10 Hasil Pretes Hasil Belajar kelas Kontrol. ........................................... 222
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E.11 Analisis Data Hasil Postes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................. 232
E.12 Analisis Data Hasil Postes Tes Hasil Belajar .................................... 234

E.13 Data Hasil Lembar Kerja Siswa Kelas Eksperimen ........................... 236
E.14 Data Hasil Lembar Kerja Siswa Kelas Kontrol ................................. 242
E.15Data Hasil Kinerja Guru Kelas Eksperimen ........................................ 245
E.16DataHasil Kinerja Guru Kelas Kontrol................................................ 251
E.17Data Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Kelas Eksperimen ................... 257
E.18Data Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Kelas Kontrol.......................... 269

LAMPIRAN F TABEL STATISTIK
F.1 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pretes dan PostesKemampuan Berpikir
Kreatif Kelas Eksperimen .................................................................... 273
F.2 Hasil Uji Beda rata-rata Data Pretes dan PostesKemampuan Berpikir
Kreatif Kelas Eksperimen .................................................................... 275
F.3 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pretes dan PostesHasil Belajar Kelas
Eksperimen .......................................................................................... 276
F.4 Hasil Uji Beda rata-rata Data Pretes dan PostesHasil BelajarKelas
Eksperimen .......................................................................................... 278
F.5 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pretes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatifkelas
Eksperimen dan Kontrol ...................................................................... 279
F.6 Hasil Uji Beda Rata-rata Data PretesKemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
kelas Eksperimen dan Kontrol ............................................................. 281

F.7 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatifkelas
Eksperimen dan Kontrol ...................................................................... 283
F.8 Hasil Uji Beda Rata-rata Data PostesKemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
kelas Eksperimen dan Kontrol ............................................................. 285
F.10 Hasil Uji Normalitas Rumusan Masalah 1 ........................................ 286
F.11 Hasil Uji Beda Rata-rata Hipotesis 1 ................................................. 288
F.12 Hasil Uji Normalita Rumusan Masalah 2 .......................................... 289
F.13 Hasil Uji Beda Rata-rata Hipotesis 2 ................................................. 290
F.14 Hasil Uji Normalitas Rumusan Masalah 3 ........................................ 291
F.15 Hasil Uji Beda Rata-rata Rumusan Masalah 3 .................................. 292
LAMPIRAN G SURAT SURAT
G.1 Surat Keputusan .................................................................................. 294
G.2 Surat Bukti Penelitian Kelas Eksperimen ........................................... 295
G.3 Surat Bukti PenelitianKelas Kontrol ................................................... 296
LAMPIRAN H DATA SEKOLAH DAN SISWA
H.1 Data Jumlah Siswa Kelas IV. ............................................................... 298
LAMPIRAN I DOKUMENTASI
I.1 Foto-foto Kegiatan Pembelajaran. ......................................................... 300

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LAMPIRAN J MONITORING
J.1 Monitoring Bimbingan ......................................................................... 301
RIWAYAT HIDUP ................................................................................... 304

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